Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use Among a Population-Based Cohort of Adults With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Correspondence Between Self-report and State Prescription Monitoring Data.

Objective: To compare self-reported opioid and benzodiazepine use to rates of prescriptions dispensed among persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), to evaluate the extent of potential underreporting.

Design: Cross-sectional self-report assessment (SRA) and retrospective review of prescription monitoring program (PMP) data.

Setting: Community dwelling adults in the Southeastern United States.

Risk and protective factors for emergency department visits and related hospitalizations among ambulatory adults with traumatic spinal cord injury.

Objective: To identify the risk and protective factors for emergency department visits (EDV) and inpatient admissions through the ED (EDIP) among a population-based cohort of ambulatory adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Prospective self-report cohort study linked to administrative billing data.

Setting: A Medical University in the Southeastern USA.

Relationships of self-reported opioid and benzodiazepine use with health-related quality of life among adults with spinal cord injury.

Background: There is limited understanding of the relationships between prescription opioid and benzodiazepine use and indices of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among those with spinal cord injuries (SCI).

Objective: To identify the relationships between self-reported prescription opioid and benzodiazepine use and two indicators of HRQOL, number of days in poor physical health and poor mental health in the past 30 days among adults with SCI.

Methods: A cross-sectional cohort study of 918 adults with chronic (>1 year), traumatic SCI living in the Southeastern United States was conducted.

Relations Between Self-reported Prescription Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, and Tramadol Use and Unintentional Injuries Among Those With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To identify the relations of 3 frequently used prescription opioids (hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol) with unintentional injuries, including fall-related and non-fall-related injuries among adults with chronic, traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting: Community setting; Southeastern United States.

Relationships of Self-reported Opioid Use and Misuse and Pain Severity With Probable Major Depression Among Participants With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: To examine the relations of pain intensity, opioid use, and opioid misuse with depressive symptom severity and probable major depression (PMD) among participants with spinal cord injuries (SCI), controlling for demographic, injury, and socioeconomic characteristics.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Medical University in the Southeastern United States (US).

Self-Reported Prescription Opioid Use Among Participants with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) experience high rates of prescription opioid use, yet there is limited data on frequency of opioid use and specific medications being taken.

Objectives: To examine the frequency of self-reported prescription opioid use among participants with SCI and the relationship with demographic, injury, and socioeconomic characteristics.

Methods: A cohort study of 918 adults with SCI of at least 1-year duration completed a self-report assessment (SRA) that indicated frequency of specific prescription opioid use based on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

Differences in personal characteristics and health outcomes between ambulatory and non-ambulatory adults with traumatic spinal cord injury.

To identify differences in personal characteristics, health outcomes, and hospital utilization as a function of ambulatory status among adults with chronic SCI. Prospective cohort study linked to state administrative billing data. Population-based SCI Registry from the Southeastern United States.

Assessment of high-risk opioid use metrics among individuals with spinal cord injury: A brief report.

Objective: To examine high-risk opioid prescription metrics among individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in South Carolina.

Design: Cohort Study.

Setting: Two statewide population-based databases, an SCI Surveillance Registry and state prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP).

Longitudinal changes in employment, health, participation, and quality-of-life and the relationships with long-term survival after spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Objective: To identify five-year longitudinal changes in employment, health, participation, and quality-of-life outcomes (QOL) among participants with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and to compare the amount of change in these outcomes between those surviving and those not surviving until follow-up.

Methods: Participants were 1157 individuals from the SCI Longitudinal Aging Study, who have completed at least two self-report assessments separated by five-year intervals.

The Relationship of Secondary and Chronic Health Conditions With Emergency Department Visits and Related Hospitalizations Among People With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: Identify the relationship of health conditions with self-reported emergency department (ED) visits and ED-related hospitalizations among people with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), while controlling for demographic, injury, and socioeconomic factors.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: A regional SCI model system in the Southeastern United States.

Social participation as a mediator of the relationships of socioeconomic factors and longevity after traumatic spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Objective: Previous research has indicated that socioeconomic factors affect longevity after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Our purpose was to evaluate whether social participation mediates the relationship between socioeconomic factors and survival status after SCI.

The relationship between health behaviors and emergency department visits and hospitalizations after traumatic spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objective: To identify demographic, injury, and behavioral predictors of emergency department (ED) visits and ED-related hospitalizations among individuals with chronic traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting: An academic medical center in the Southeastern United States.

Staying Pressure Injury Free: The Role of Modifiable Behaviors.

Objective: To investigate the association of behavioral factors with retrospective reports of staying free from pressure injuries (PIs) during a 12-month period for people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Data collection was completed at an academic medical center in the Southeastern United States in collaboration with a specialized treatment center and 2 public health registries that use population-based approaches to identify all incident cases of SCI within the state.

Rehospitalization During the First 5 Years After the Onset of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Billing Records.

Objective: Our objective was to identify the number, length of stay, and charges of rehospitalizations during the subsequent 5 years after discharge from the initial hospitalization by using administrative billing records from a population-based cohort with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the southeastern United States.

Design: Analysis of administrative billing data.

Setting: State-based surveillance data analyzed by an academic medical center in the southeastern United States.

The primary and secondary causes of hospitalizations during the first five years after spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cohort study. Retrospective analysis of uniform billing discharge data (UB-04).

Objectives: To compare and contrast the primary and secondary causes of hospitalization by type of admission, emergency department (ED) versus inpatient only (IP), during the first five years after the traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Psychoactive Substance Use Among Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Patterns and Characteristics.

Objective: To identify the patterns of nonprescription psychoactive substance (PAS) use among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and the relationships with demographic and injury characteristics.

Design: Cross-sectional, self-report assessment (SRA).

Setting: A medical university in the southeastern United States.

Emergency Department Visits, Related Hospitalizations, and Reasons for Emergency Department Utilization After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To identify the self-reported frequency of emergency department (ED) visits, ED-related hospitalizations, and reasons for ED visits among people with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and compare them with general population data from the same geographic area.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: A specialty hospital in the Southeastern United States.

Mediating Effects of Pain Interference on the Relationships Between Pain Intensity and Probable Major Depression Among Participants With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To evaluate whether pain interference mediates the relationship between pain intensity and probable major depression (PMD) among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), accounting for differences in the frequency of prescription medication use and resilience.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis using self-report assessment.

Setting: Medical university in the Southeastern United States.

Opioid Use Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Prevalence Estimates Based on State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Data.

Objective: To identify the prevalence of opioid use in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in South Carolina.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Data from 2 statewide population-based databases, an SCI Registry and the state prescription drug monitoring program, were linked and analyzed.

Assistive devices and future fall-related injuries among ambulatory adults with spinal cord injury: a prospective cohort study.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study with two times of measurement.

Objective: To assess the relationship between use of assistive devices for walking (at baseline) and the number of annual fall-related injuries (at follow-up) among a cohort of ambulatory adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting: Medical University in the Southeastern United States.

The association between participation and quality of life indicators with hospitalizations in ambulatory adults with spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Statistical modeling of self-report assessments (SRA) as predictors of future hospitalizations, measured by administrative billing data.

Objectives: To examine the relationships between self-reported participation and quality of life (QOL) indicators and future hospital admissions among ambulatory adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting: Data were collected from participants living in and utilizing hospitals in the state of South Carolina.

Correction: Prevalence of chronic health conditions and hospital utilization in adults with spinal cord injury: an analysis of self-report and South Carolina administrative billing data.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A prospective study of health behaviors and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality after spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study OBJECTIVES: Identify the association between health behaviors and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) SETTING: A large rehabilitation hospital in the Southeastern United States.

Methods: Participants included 3070 adults (>18 years old) with chronic (>1-year) traumatic SCI. Behavioral data were collected by mail-in self report assessment between 1997-1998 and 2007-2010.

Concentration of Costs Among High Utilizers of Health Care Services Over the First 10 Years After Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Population-based Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to (1) categorize individuals into high, medium, and low utilizers of health care services over a 10-year period after the onset of spinal cord injury (SCI) and (2) identify the pattern of causes of hospitalizations and the characteristics associated with high utilization.

Design: Retrospective analysis of self-report assessment linked to administrative data.

Setting: Data were collected from participants living in and utilizing hospitals in the state of South Carolina.