Abacavir enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin via inhibition of histone demethylase KDM5B in breast cancer.

KDM5B, a lysine-specific histone demethylase, is widely upregulated in breast cancer. The current study investigated the role of KDM5B in breast cancer and explored the repurposing potential of the antiviral drug abacavir (ABC). The cytotoxic effects and the effect of ABC sensitization on doxorubicin (DOX) efficacy were evaluated using 2-D and 3-D cell culture models.

Thyroid Malignancy with Tracheal Invasion: Evaluating Process and Outcomes.

Aim: Tracheal invasion by thyroid cancers poses significant surgical challenges. In this case series, we present our experience of tracheal resection and reconstruction in eight patients. This study highlights the importance of a coordinated multidisciplinary approach and technique of partial tracheal resection as well as evaluates the outcomes of this complex surgical intervention.

Inhibition of mitochondrial genome-encoded mitomiR-3 contributes to ZEB1 mediated GPX4 downregulation and pro-ferroptotic lipid metabolism to induce ferroptosis in breast cancer cells.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, represents a unique vulnerability in cancer cells. However, current ferroptosis-inducing therapies face clinical limitations due to poor cancer cell specificity, systemic toxicity, and off-target effects. Therefore, a deeper understanding of molecular regulators of ferroptosis sensitivity is critical for developing targeted therapies.

Computed Tomography in Predicting the Mandibular Involvement by Oral Cancer, a Retrospective Study.

Unlabelled: Despite several newer advancements in imaging technology, no new investigative modality has been introduced to clinical practice in the recent times that is accurate and yet cost-effective. As a result, the majority of cancer centers across the globe rely on computed tomography to diagnose and estimate bone involvement in oral cancer. Here, we evaluated the reliability of computed tomography in predicting the mandibular invasion in our cohort of oral cancer patients who had undergone mandibulectomy.

Antiapoptotic PON2 expression and its clinical implications in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma poses a significant challenge in oncology due to its rising incidence and mortality rates. Despite therapeutic progress, understanding molecular intricacies is essential. This study explored the role of PON2, a multifunctional enzyme implicated in antiapoptotic mechanisms.

Expression of PTGS2 along with genes regulating VEGF signalling pathway and association with high-risk factors in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: PTGS2 encodes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which catalyses the committed step in prostaglandin synthesis. Various in vivo and in vitro data suggest that COX-2 mediates the VEGF signalling pathway. In silico analysis performed in TCGA, PanCancer Atlas for head and neck cancers, demonstrated significant expression and co-expression of PTGS2 and genes that regulate VEGF signalling.

Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Sinonasal Cavity: Peculiar Diagnosis, Conventional Treatment.

Myoepithelial carcinoma is a morphologically diverse tumor which either arises de novo or from the malignant transformation of its benign counterpart i.e. myoepithelioma.

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene expression and its association with genes regulating the VEGF signaling pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The PTGS2 gene codes for the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme that catalyzes the committed step in prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Various and data suggest that prostaglandin E2 mediates as a signaling molecule for activating the VEGF signaling pathway (VSP), forming an association between COX-2 and VSP. Several chemotherapy regimens increasingly rely on preventing the synthesis of PGs.

Agenesis of Dorsal Pancreas and Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor: Ventral Pancreas Preserving Portal Vein Resection and Reconstruction Using a Peritoneal Graft.

A diabetic lady in her 40s was referred to surgical oncologists with epigastric pain associated with vomiting. Computed Tomography (CT) Abdomen with contrast demonstrated a mass arising from the head of the pancreas with the absence of dorsal pancreas, confirmed on magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP). A core needle biopsy was done, and the tumor was revealed to be a solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm.

Outcomes of exenteration in cT4 and fixed cT3 stage primary rectal adenocarcinoma: a subgroup analysis of consolidation chemotherapy following neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the oncological outcomes and the prognostic factors following pelvic exenteration (PE) in cT4 and fixed cT3 stage primary rectal adenocarcinoma and to study the impact of consolidation chemotherapy following neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACRT).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of PE from 2013 to 2018.

Results: Out of 2900 colorectal resections, there were 131 pelvic exenterations that were performed, and 100 of these patients had undergone exenteration for primary rectal adenocarcinoma.

Urinary reconstruction following total pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer: complications and factors affecting outcomes.

Introduction: Total pelvic exenteration (TPE) for rectal cancers is associated with significant morbidity. We evaluated the complications related to urinary reconstruction following TPE and factors predicting urologic morbidity.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of TPE patients with incontinent urinary diversions between August 2013 and January 2020.

Curative resection for adenocarcinoma of the gastro-esophageal junction following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy-thoraco-abdominal vs. trans-abdominal approach.

Purpose: This study compares the short- and long-term outcomes between the left thoraco-abdominal and trans-abdominal approaches for radical resection of adenocarcinoma of the gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) (Siewert types II and III) following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients from May 2008 to December 2016. Demographic variables, perioperative outcomes, and survival were compared between two approaches.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pelvic Exenteration in Primary Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for pelvic exenteration is not a well-established technique. The aim was to assess the safety and feasibility of MIS for pelvic exenteration in locally advanced primary colorectal cancer and to compare the perioperative outcomes with open surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients, who had undergone pelvic exenteration for primary colorectal adenocarcinoma from May 2013 to July 2018.

Pelvic Exenteration with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (CRS + HIPEC) for Rectal Cancer-Case Series with Review of Literature.

Incidence of synchronous peritoneal metastases (PM) in colorectal cancer is approximately 5%, with another 5% of the patients develop metachronous PM. Colorectal PM has been hypothesized to be a loco-regional disease rather than a systemic spread, and cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been considered as a viable treatment option. Pelvic exenteration is an established treatment option for locally advanced rectal cancer, but it is associated with significant morbidity.

Re-Operative Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Challenges and Outcomes.

Background: Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) is a high-volume centre for pancreatic tumour resections. We found a continually increasing referral of pancreatic tumours for re-evaluation for surgery, after an initial unsuccessful attempt at resection.

Aim: To evaluate reasons of initial in-operability, the feasibility of re-operative pancreatico-duodenectomy (R-PD) and short- and long-term outcomes after R-PD.