Comparison of anterior knee laxity measurements recorded by manual versus mechanical arthrometers in ACL reconstruction patients at return to sport.

Background: Arthrometers are devices used to evaluate knee laxity by quantifying anterior tibiofemoral displacement. The purpose of this study was to assess the congruence of tibiofemoral displacement measurements between manual and mechanical knee arthrometers in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed (ACLR) patients.

Methods: This investigation evaluated 44 limbs in 22 subjects who underwent ACLR.

Biomechanical preservation of lumbar spine stability and motion with an intraosseous implant following vertebral body osteotomy.

Purpose: When nonsurgical treatments for low back pain with radiculopathy fail to relieve symptoms from nerve root compression, lumbar spine fusion is the standard treatment. A potential new option is using a vertebral body osteotomy (VBO) with the Vertiwedge Intraosseous System™, a novel spinal implant designed to restore foraminal height, spinal alignment, and preserve motion. The purpose was to demonstrate that VBO with the Vertiwedge implant can stabilize and correct collapsed segments while maintaining the spine's native stability and motion under various loading conditions.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Does Not Increase the Risk for a Future Concussion: A Unidirectional Phenomenon.

Context: Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of musculoskeletal injury after concussion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the reverse relationship exists, specifically whether there is an increased risk of concussion after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in a population-based cohort.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Stability of One-Step Spray-on Splint for Lower Extremity Fractures During Splinting, MEDEVAC, and Impact.

Introduction: Military transport can induce whole-body vibrations, and combat almost always involves high impact between lower extremities and the ground. Therefore, robust splinting technology is necessary for lower extremity fractures in these settings. Our team compared a novel one-step spray-on foam splint (FastCast) to the current military standard structured aluminum malleable (SAM) splint.

Technique Variation in the Surgical Treatment of Lateral Ankle Instability.

Introduction: Lateral ankle sprains are the most common type of injury to the ankle and can lead to ankle instability. There are many described techniques for the surgical treatment of lateral ankle instability. The purpose of this study is to quantify the variation in surgeon technique for lateral ankle instability treatment.

The effectiveness of clinic versus home-based, artificial intelligence-guided therapy in patients with low back pain: Non-randomized clinical trial.

Background: Low back pain is a common cause of disability in the US with increasing financial burden on healthcare. A variety of treatment options exist to combat LBP. Home-based therapy is a low-cost option, but there is a lack of data on how it compares to therapy in clinical settings.

Neck strength and force in reaction time task of adolescent athletes with and without concussion history: A pilot study.

Objectives: Assess the impact of concussion by comparing reaction time, peak force recruitment, and rate of force development of adolescent athletes returning from concussion against age- and sex-matched controls in visual-elicited neck movement.

Design: Athletes sat secured in a custom-built isometric device with their heads secured in a helmet and attached to a 6-axis load cell. They performed neck flexion, extension, and lateral flexion in response to a visual cue.

Arthrogenic muscle inhibition after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Injured and uninjured limb recovery over time.

Introduction: It is well documented that marked weakness of the quadriceps is present after knee joint injury. This joint trauma induces a presynaptic reflex inhibition of musculature surrounding the joint, termed arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI). The extent to which anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury affects thigh musculature motor unit activity, which may affect restoration of thigh muscle strength after injury, is undetermined.

Physical clinical care and artificial-intelligence-guided core resistance training improve endurance and patient-reported outcomes in subjects with lower back pain.

Background: Low back pain is an extremely prevalent issue with an extensive impact, ranging from decreased quality of life to lost years of productivity. Many interventions have been developed to alleviate chronic lower back pain, yet it remains a widespread problem. The objective of this study was to examine the role of artificial intelligence guided resistance training relative to clinical variables in subjects experiencing lower back pain.

Video Analysis of 26 Cases of Second ACL Injury Events in Collegiate and Professional Athletes.

Background: Significant effort has gone into the identification and quantification of the underlying mechanisms of primary ACL injury. Secondary ACL injury is observed in approximately 1/4 to 1/3 of athletes who return to sport following ACL reconstruction. However, little has been done to evaluate the mechanisms and playing circumstances surrounding these repeat injuries.

Arthrogenic muscle inhibition manifests in thigh musculature motor unit characteristics after anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Joint trauma induces a presynaptic reflex inhibition termed arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) that prevents complete activation of muscles. Reduced motor unit (MU) output is a hypothesised mechanism for persistent strength deficits. The objective of this study was to determine MU characteristics of thigh musculature and determine how they change with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury compared to healthy controls.

Hamstrings Contraction Regulates the Magnitude and Timing of the Peak ACL Loading During the Drop Vertical Jump in Female Athletes.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury reduction training has focused on lower body strengthening and landing stabilization. In vitro studies have shown that quadriceps forces increase ACL strain, and hamstring forces decrease ACL strain. However, the magnitude of the effect of the quadriceps and hamstrings forces on ACL loading and its timing during in vivo landings remains unclear.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading Increases With Pivot-Shift Mechanism During Asymmetrical Drop Vertical Jump in Female Athletes.

Background: Frontal plane trunk lean with a side-to-side difference in lower extremity kinematics during landing increases unilateral knee abduction moment and consequently anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. However, the biomechanical features of landing with higher ACL loading are still unknown. Validated musculoskeletal modeling offers the potential to quantify ACL strain and force during a landing task.

Mechanics of cadaveric anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions during simulated jump landing tasks: Lessons learned from a pilot investigation.

Background: Around half of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are treated through reconstruction, but the literature lacks mechanical investigation of reconstructions in a dynamic athletic task and rupture environment. The current objective was to ascertain the feasibility of investigating ACL reconstructions in a rupture environment during simulated landing tasks in a validated mechanical impact simulator.

Methods: Four cadaveric lower extremities were subjected to simulated landing in a mechanical impact simulator.

INVESTIGATION OF PRIMARY AND SECOND ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT TEARS USING A GEOGRAPHIC DATABASE.

Background: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries has been estimated at 1 in 3500 individuals in the literature. Second ACL tears represent 7-14% of all ACL tears. The location of ACL tears has been noted to be primarily proximal.

Prospective Frontal Plane Angles Used to Predict ACL Strain and Identify Those at High Risk for Sports-Related ACL Injury.

Background: Knee abduction moment during landing has been associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, accurately capturing this measurement is expensive and technically rigorous. Less complex variables that lend themselves to easier clinical integration are desirable.

Sex differences in passive and active stiffness of the knee flexor muscles during dynamic perturbation test: principal component analysis.

Purpose: The sensorimotor system is a subcomponent of the comprehensive motor control system of the body. However, the complex nature of the sensorimotor system makes it difficult to interpret findings for clinical application. The purpose of this study was to utilize principal component analysis (PCA) to identify sex differences and relationships between sensorimotor variables during a dynamic perturbation.