Midterm Outcomes of Right Anterior Mini Thoracotomy Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: Contemporary surgical approaches for aortic valve replacement (AVR) include full median sternotomy, hemi-sternotomy, and a right anterior mini thoracotomy (RAMT) approach. We report the midterm outcomes of RAMT for isolated AVR.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, reporting the midterm outcomes of patients who underwent isolated RAMT AVR.

In-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity of aerial parts of Aitchisonia rosea supported by phytochemical and GC-MS analysis.

Medicinal plants contain a wide variety of bioactive phytoconstituents which can serve as new therapeutic agents for several diseases. This study examines the antidiabetic potential of Aitchisonia rosea in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and identifies its bioactive phytoconstituents using GC-MS. In vitro, antidiabetic potential was established using the α-amylase inhibition assay.

PD-L1 engagement on T cells promotes self-tolerance and suppression of neighboring macrophages and effector T cells in cancer.

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ligation delimits immunogenic responses in T cells. However, the consequences of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) ligation in T cells are uncertain. We found that T cell expression of PD-L1 in cancer was regulated by tumor antigen and sterile inflammatory cues.

γδ T Cells Promote Steatohepatitis by Orchestrating Innate and Adaptive Immune Programming.

Background And Aims: The recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in the liver delineates the transition from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis (SH).

Approach And Results: We found that in SH, γδT cells are recruited to the liver by C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) 2, CCR5, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 signaling and are skewed toward an interleukin (IL)-17A phenotype in an inducible costimulator (ICOS)/ICOS ligand-dependent manner. γδT cells exhibit a distinct Vγ4 , PD1 , Ly6C CD44 phenotype in SH.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis After Gastric Bypass: A Very Rare Complication.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most commonly performed bariatric surgical procedure with successful outcomes. RYGB has multiple positive outcomes, including sustained weight reduction, resolution of co-morbidities and improvement in the overall health. RYGB has many complications like any other surgery, but the development of tuberculosis (TB) either pulmonary or extra-pulmonary secondary to RYGB is very rare.

A Rare Case of Urinary Tract Infection in a Patient With Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy.

is a gram-negative, aerobic, nonmotile mostly found in environments with high prevalence in soil and water. This organism is a very rare human pathogen as only 29 cases of -related infections have been reported until 2017, with only 7 cases in the United States. Only 3 cases of urinary tract infection secondary to have been reported, 1 in a pediatric patient and 2 in adults.

Outcome of Endoscopic Management of Post Living Donor Liver Transplant Anastomotic Strictures.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic dilatation of anastomotic stricture (AS).

Study Design: An observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from November 2016 to November 2017.