Emerging strategies for targeting tumor-associated macrophages in glioblastoma: A focus on chemotaxis blockade.

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumors, with poor prognosis for affected patients. A key player in the GBM tumor microenvironment is the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), which promotes tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. The recruitment of TAMs to the tumor site is driven by specific chemotactic signals, including CSF-1/CSF-1R, CXCR4/CXCL12, and HGF/MET pathways.