9-fluorenone-based synthetic sulfonamide compounds as dual inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main-Protease and Papain-like Protease.

Tilorone, a 9-fluorenone scaffold-based molecule, is a known broad-spectrum antiviral with an IC of 180 nM against SARS-CoV-2, but its mechanism is not known. In the present study, we found it to have weak activity against PLpro (IC = 30.7 ± 7.

Positional isomers of Indolyl-benzodiazepines display dissimilar binding and recruitment of BET transcriptional regulators to targeted genomic loci.

BET proteins contain two tandem bromodomains (BD1 and BD2) that bind histone acetyl-lysine residues that can be targeted with small molecule inhibitors such as IBET-762, which bears a triazolo benzodiazepine core. Here, we report the consequences of substituting the pendant chlorobenzene moiety of IBET-762. Substitution with larger ring structures diminishes bromodomain binding, and even subtle changes on the phenyl ring significantly impact affinity.

MicroRNA-122 overexpression suppresses the colon cancer cell proliferation by downregulating the astrocyte elevated gene-1/metadherin oncoprotein.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate essential cellular functions, such as cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, and programmed cell death, and therefore, alterations in miRNAs can contribute to carcinogenesis. Previous studies have shown that miRNA-122 is abundant in the liver and regulates cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. However, the expression pattern and mechanism of actions of miR-122 remain primarily unknown in colon cancer.

Perception and Contributing Factors of Academic Incivility Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in India.

Introduction: Academic incivility in students has the potential to undermine the learning process because it affects both the perpetrator and the educator. This results from the reduced trust between students and faculty resulting in a reduction in productivity, thereby impeding the learning process.

Objectives: The study was conducted to understand the perception and factors contributing to academic incivility among undergraduate nursing students.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common problem in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of T2DM and its risk factors in postmenopausal women. Methods The study is a population-based cross-sectional study.

Microbiome properties in the root nodules of a leguminous desert tree.

We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the total microbiome and transcriptionally active microbiome communities in the roots and root nodules of , an important leguminous tree in arid regions of many Asian countries. Mature trees growing in the desert did not exhibit any detected root nodules. However, we observed root nodules on the roots of growing on a desert farm and on young plants growing in a growth chamber, when inoculated with rhizosphere soil, including with rhizosphere soil from near desert tree roots that had no nodules.

Advancing Antibiotic Residue Analysis: LC-MS/MS Methodology for Ticarcillin Degradation Products in Tomato Leaves.

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in agriculture has raised concerns about antibiotic residues in food products, necessitating robust analytical methods for detection and quantification. In this study, our primary aim was to develop a robust and advanced liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methodology specifically designed for the accurate quantification of ticarcillin degradation products in tomato leaves. The choice of ticarcillin as the target analyte stems from its frequent use in agriculture and the potential formation of degradation products, which can pose a threat to food safety.

Ticarcillin degradation product thiophene acetic acid is a novel auxin analog that promotes organogenesis in tomato.

Efficient regeneration of transgenic plants from explants after transformation is one of the crucial steps in developing genetically modified plants with desirable traits. Identification of novel plant growth regulators and developmental regulators will assist to enhance organogenesis in culture. In this study, we observed enhanced shoot regeneration from tomato cotyledon explants in culture media containing timentin, an antibiotic frequently used to prevent Agrobacterium overgrowth after transformation.

Leptosphaeria maculans isolates with variations in AvrLm1 and AvrLm4 effector genes induce differences in defence responses but not in resistance phenotypes in cultivars carrying the Rlm7 gene.

Background: The phoma stem canker pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans is one of the most widespread and devastating pathogens of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in the world. Pathogen colonization is stopped by an interaction of a pathogen Avr effector gene with the corresponding host resistance (R) gene. While molecular mechanisms of this gene-for-gene interaction are being elucidated, understanding of effector function remains limited.

tRNA derived small RNAs-Small players with big roles.

In the past 2 decades, small non-coding RNAs derived from tRNA (tsRNAs or tRNA derived fragments; tRFs) have emerged as new powerful players in the field of small RNA mediated regulation of gene expression, translation, and epigenetic control. tRFs have been identified from evolutionarily divergent organisms from Archaea, the higher plants, to humans. Recent studies have confirmed their roles in cancers and other metabolic disorders in humans and experimental models.

The Genome of the Mimosoid Legume , a Desert Tree.

The mimosoid legumes are a clade of ~40 genera in the Caesalpinioideae subfamily of the Fabaceae that grow in tropical and subtropical regions. Unlike the better studied Papilionoideae, there are few genomic resources within this legume group. The tree is native to the Near East and Indian subcontinent, where it thrives in very hot desert environments.

Balance Enhancement in Older Adults: Is Functional-Task Training Better Than Resistance Training in Enhancing Balance in Older Adults?

Background and purpose The effects of various exercise training programs on balance in older adults are well established. This study aimed to compare the effect of functional-task training with resistance training in improving balance performance in older adults. Methods A total of 100 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above were randomly allocated into two groups: functional-task training (FTT) group and resistance training (RT) group.

AAVrh10 Gene Therapy Ameliorates Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disease in Canine Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Krabbe Disease).

Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD), or Krabbe disease, is an inherited, neurologic disorder that results from deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme, galactosylceramidase. Most commonly, deficits of galactosylceramidase result in widespread central and peripheral nervous system demyelination and death in affected infants typically by 2 years of age. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is the current standard of care in children diagnosed prior to symptom onset.

Formulation development and evaluation of zolmitriptan oral soluble films using 2 factorial designs.

Objective: The present investigation involves the development of zolmitriptan oral soluble film (OSF) formulations and optimization with quality by design (QBD) using natural polymers and evaluation.

Materials And Methods: Initially, various natural polymers such as sodium alginate, pectin, and gelatin were screened by casting films using solvent casting technique and the prepared films were evaluated. Based on the physical and mechanical properties, sodium alginate was selected as best film former and zolmitriptan-loaded films were casted.

Predictability of salvage and outcome of Gustilo and Anderson type-IIIA and type-IIIB open tibial fractures using Ganga Hospital Scoring system.

Although numerous scoring systems are designed for lower limb open injuries, most of them are based on orthopaedic and vascular injuries and can define only an amputation score. These scoring system lack specificity and sensitivity in predicting the salvage and outcome. Ganga Hospital Scoring system was found to have good specificity in predicting the outcome in Gustilo type-IIIA and type-IIIB injuries.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in India: An observational study.

Background: Underreporting of spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) is a threat to pharmacovigilance. Various factors related with the knowledge and attitudes are responsible for underreporting of ADRs.

Aims: The study was aimed at investigating the knowledge and attitudes of doctors to ADR reporting.

Socio-economic factors associated with the purchasing of insecticide-treated nets in Afghanistan and their implications for social marketing.

Malaria is often a major health problem in war-torn countries in the tropics owing to the collapse of health services and the vulnerability of displaced populations to epidemics. Insecticide-treated nets (ITN) represent one of the few options for obtaining protection against malaria in unstable settings deficient in health infrastructure. Social marketing of subsidized ITN by a consortium of non-governmental organizations began in Afghanistan in 1993 and has continued every year since then despite regular political turmoil.

Cell-type-specific gene delivery into neuronal cells in vitro and in vivo.

The avian retroviruses reticuloendotheliosis virus strain A (REV-A) and spleen necrosis virus (SNV) are not naturally infectious in human cells. However, REV-A-derived viral vectors efficiently infect human cells when they are pseudotyped with envelope proteins displaying targeting ligands specific for human cell-surface receptors. Here we report that vectors containing the gag region of REV-A and pol of SNV can be pseudotyped with the envelope protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and the glycoproteins of different rabies virus (RV) strains.