Disaster Management Education and Training for Paramedics: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: The aim of the present scoping review is to provide a comprehensive description and classification of the published research studies on education and training of paramedics and paramedic students in the context of disaster management with emphasis on educational/training techniques and their efficacy and the recent trends in this evolving field. The review is also designed to identify the main research gaps and to suggest recommendations for future research plans.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses were searched.

The impact of anesthesia choice during thrombectomy for distal and medium vessel occlusions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundPhysicians may opt for general anesthesia (GA) during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) when treating distal and medium vessel occlusion (DMVO), particularly in agitated patients where accessing small vessels presents challenges. However, little is known about how GA and non-GA approaches compare in terms of safety, efficacy, and procedural outcomes for DMVO patients undergoing EVT.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis conform to the established guidelines and protocols for this type of data synthesis.

The induction of quinone oxidoreductases NQO1 and NQO2 by clozapine: Potential implications for clozapine-induced agranulocytosis.

Clozapine exhibits superior efficacy in the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, clozapine is currently considered under-prescribed as it carries a risk of idiosyncratic drug reactions (including severe neutropenia or agranulocytosis). The mechanisms of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis mechanisms are evolving.

Effect of air-particle abrasion and methacryloyloxydecyl phosphate primer on fracture load of thin zirconia crowns: an study.

The study aimed to investigate the effects of airborne-particle abrasion (APA) and 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP primer) surface treatments on the fracture load of thin zirconia crowns made from 3Y-TZP and 5Y-PSZ zirconia. Eighty full-contour zirconia crowns of 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated from 3Y-TZP and 5Y-PSZ zirconia.

Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) Induces NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) Expression in Hepatic and Extrahepatic Tissues of C57BL/6 Mice.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has emerged as a potent therapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), yet its clinical application is often limited by significant adverse effects. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying ATO's impact on cellular detoxification pathways, focusing on the regulation of NAD(P)H/quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), a crucial enzyme in maintaining cellular homeostasis and cancer prevention. We explored ATO's effects on NQO1 expression in C57BL/6 mice and Hepa-1c1c7 cells, both independently and in combination with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo--dioxin (TCDD), a known NQO1 inducer.

The Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTA) in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Hypertrophic scars cause significant physical and emotional discomfort. Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has shown promising outcomes in reducing scar formation. Research suggested its effectiveness in managing hypertrophic scars and keloids.

The Escalating threat of climate change-driven diseases in fish: Evidence from a global perspective - A literature review.

Climate change has brought significant alterations to the aquatic environment, leading to the rapid spread of infectious fish diseases with increasing water temperatures. It is crucial to understand how aquatic pathogens will impact fish in the context of climate change. This study aimed to assess the effects of climate change on fish diseases globally.

Management Strategies for Hypertensive Crisis: A Systematic Review.

A hypertensive crisis is defined as a sudden and significant rise in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading is 180/120 mmHg or higher. A hypertensive crisis is a medical emergency.

Identification of aryl hydrocarbon receptor allosteric antagonists from clinically approved drugs.

The human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in a diverse array of pathways in biological and pathophysiological events. This position AhR as a promising target for both carcinogenesis and antitumor strategies. In this study we utilized computational modeling to screen and identify FDA-approved drugs binding to the allosteric site between α2 of bHLH and PAS-A domains of AhR, with the aim of inhibiting its canonical pathway activity.

Modulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ponatinib and tofacitinib).

Ponatinib and tofacitinib, established kinase inhibitors and FDA-approved for chronic myeloid leukemia and rheumatoid arthritis, are recently undergoing investigation in diverse clinical trials for potential repurposing. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a transcription factor influencing a spectrum of physiological and pathophysiological activities, stands as a therapeutic target for numerous diseases. This study employs molecular modelling tools and in vitro assays to identify ponatinib and tofacitinib as AhR ligands, elucidating their binding and molecular interactions in the AhR PAS-B domain.

Alteration of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Expression and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) in C57BL/6 Mice.

The success of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in acute promyelocytic leukemia has driven a plethora studies to investigate its efficacy in other malignancies. However, the inherent toxicity of ATO limits the expansion of its clinical applications. Such toxicity may be linked to ATO-induced metabolic derangements of endogenous substrates.

Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Correlates among Male Medical Students at the University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Identifying the potential factors of depression among medical students is the first step towards academic excellence and future safe medical practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at the University of Bisha, College of Medicine (UBCOM), Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia. Male medical students from year one to year six were involved.

Identifying novel aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) modulators from clinically approved drugs: In silico screening and In vitro validation.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) functions as a vital ligand-activated transcription factor, governing both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Notably, it responds to xenobiotics, leading to a diverse array of outcomes. In the context of drug repurposing, we present here a combined approach of utilizing structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations.

Dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA) differentially modulates the expression of AHR-regulated cytochrome P450 1A enzymes in vivo and in vitro.

Dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA), a pentavalent thio-arsenic derivative, has been found in bodily fluids and tissues including urine, liver, kidney homogenates, plasma, and red blood cells. Although DMMTA is a minor metabolite in humans and animals, its substantial toxicity raises concerns about potential carcinogenic effects. This toxicity could be attributed to arsenicals' ability to regulate cytochrome P450 1 A (CYP1A) enzymes, pivotal in procarcinogen activation or detoxification.

Differential Modulatory Effects of Methylmercury (MeHg) on Ahr-regulated Genes in Extrahepatic Tissues of C57BL/6 Mice.

Methylmercury (MeHg) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) are potent environmental pollutants implicated in the modulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, particularly the cytochrome P450 1 family (CYP1) which is regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). However, the co-exposure to MeHg and TCDD raises concerns about their potential combined effects, necessitating thorough investigation. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the individual and combined effects of MeHg and TCDD on AHR-regulated CYP1 enzymes in mouse extrahepatic tissues.

Sports-Related Injuries in Adolescent Athletes: A Systematic Review.

Sports participation among adolescents is increasing, offering numerous health benefits and exposing them to the risk of sports-related injuries. This paper aims to understand that the prevalence and risk factors associated with these injuries are crucial for effective injury prevention and the overall well-being of adolescent athletes. This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature on sports-related injuries in adolescent athletes.

Conditioning of PEEK Implant Abutment Surfaces Using Photodynamic Therapy, Nd:YAG Laser, and Conventional Methods to Evaluate Shear Bond Strength.

This study was done to evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) and modes of failures after different surface treatment modalities on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant abutments. Seventy-five PEEK implant abutment specimens were randomly distributed into five groups based on surface treatment methods: Group I: No treatment, Group II: methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT), Group III: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, Group IV: Sulfuric acid (HSO), and Group V: Sandblasting (Sb). The measurements for SBS and failure modes for PEEK implant abutment specimens were evaluated via Universal Testing Machine and Stereomicroscope, respectively.

The Effects of 16-HETE Enantiomers on Hypertrophic Markers in Human Fetal Ventricular Cardiomyocytes, RL-14 Cells.

Background: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce bioactive metabolites such as EETs and HETEs: mid-chain, subterminal, and terminal HETEs. Recent studies have revealed the role of CYP1B1 and its associated cardiotoxic mid-chain HETE metabolites in developing cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Subterminal HETEs have also been involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes; however, their role in cardiac hypertrophy has not been fully defined.

Methylmercury (MeHg) transcriptionally regulates NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in Hepa-1c1c7 cells.

The detoxification of quinones through NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) is a crucial mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis. The exposure to heavy metals, specifically methylmercury (MeHg), induces several antioxidant enzymes, including NQO1. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) is known to regulate the expression of gene and also the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is another gene regulator.

Utility of the 4C ISARIC mortality score in hospitalized COVID-19 patients at a large tertiary Saudi Arabian center.

Background: The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) 4C mortality score has been used before as a valuable tool for predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to address the utility of the 4C score in a well-defined Saudi population with COVID-19 admitted to a large tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted that included all adults COVID19 patients admitted to the Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region (AFHSR), between January 2021 and September 2022.

Differential modulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes by arsenicals in non-human experimental models.

Arsenic is a hazardous heavy metalloid that imposes threats to human health globally. It is widely spread throughout the environment in various forms. Arsenic-based compounds are either inorganic compounds (iAs) or organoarsenicals (oAs), where the latter are biotically generated from the former.

Heterogeneity across Australian ICT policies for education of gifted students.

This paper critically evaluates the current status of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policies for gifted education in Australia, highlighting the lack of a comprehensive understanding and analysis of the heterogeneity across these policies. Despite the increasing recognition of the importance of ICT's importance in meeting the unique needs of gifted learners, there is a dearth of research systematically investigating the variations in policy frameworks, approaches to ICT integration, and their impact on educational outcomes for gifted students. This research problem necessitates an in-depth exploration of the heterogeneous nature of Australian ICT policies and their implications for promoting equitable access and fostering effective educational experiences.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) up-regulates cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) enzymes in murine hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 cell line.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a highly toxic arsenical which has been successfully exploited for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Unfortunately, its therapeutic efficacy is accompanied by serious toxicities with undeciphered mechanisms. Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) enzymes undergo modulation by arsenicals, with ensuing critical consequences regarding drug clearance or procarcinogen activation.

Face mask-induced skin changes: a new common phenomenon during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome, and wearing a mask is an important preventive measure. However, long-term use can cause , or mask-induced acne. This study evaluated the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and severity of mask-induced acne and its effect on pre-existing dermatosis using an online questionnaire.