The centriculum, a membrane that surrounds centrosomes, acts as a microtubule filter.

Centrosomes are the main microtubule-nucleating structures in dividing cells. They are considered membrane-less organelles, but in several cell types they are surrounded by ER-derived membrane. In early embryos, this membrane forms a dense membrane reticulum, named the centriculum, which was shown to affect centrosome structure and consequently microtubule nucleating capacity.

Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity With ADMET Prediction, Molecular Docking, and Dynamics Studies of Novel Thiazole-Schiff Base Derivatives.

Eleven thiazole-Schiff base derivatives 2a-2k were synthesized via a two-step synthetic route and elucidated by spectral analyses (infrared [IR], H NMR, C NMR, and HRMS). The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized thiazole derivatives was carried out against four gram-positive bacteria, two gram-negative bacteria, and two fungal strains. Compound 2b revealed the maximum antimicrobial potency against two bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus (25.

Medicine quality assessment in Nepal using semi randomised sampling and evaluation of a small scale dissolution test and portable Raman spectrometers.

Substandard and falsified medicines threaten global health and require reliable data and screening technologies to combat their spread. This study examined the quality of 241 samples containing azithromycin, cefixime, esomeprazole and losartan collected from licenced private vendors in the Saptari (121 samples; convenience sampling) and Kathmandu (120 samples; randomised sampling) districts of Nepal. Nearly 10% (24 samples; 95% CI 6.

Wheelchair-mounted robotic arms: a systematic review of technical design and activities of daily living outcomes.

Purpose: This review examines wheelchair-mounted robotic arms (WMRAs) as an emerging assistive technology that enhances independence and quality of life for individuals with upper- and lower-limb disabilities. By enabling independent performance of activities of daily living (ADLs), WMRAs hold significant promise for disability and rehabilitation. The article aims to critically evaluate the state of the art in WMRA research and development, identifying persistent challenges and highlighting promising innovations.

Sarcoidosis presenting with massive splenomegaly: 2 cases without pulmonary involvement.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease presenting in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Extrapulmonary disease alone is rare and involvement of the spleen alone, in the absence of the lung, is even rarer. Splenomeglay is unusual as a first symptom and gives a diagnostic problem, especially in areas with high prevalence of infectious or haematologic diseases.

Resin-Supported Site-Specific Antibody Conjugation Method Leads to Antibody-Drug Conjugates with Retained Efficacy and Improved Stability.

Herein, we describe an optimized method for the generation of "thiolated Q295" site-specific antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) with drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) 2 from nonengineered IgG1 antibodies. Traditional ADCs take advantage of the 4 intrachain disulfide residues as the sites of attachment. While operationally simple to prepare, ADCs that rely on attachment to these endogenous cysteine residues suffer from heterogeneity arising from stochastic mixtures of differently loaded species.

Challenges of Elderly Caregiving in the Indian Subcontinent: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review identifies the challenges in elderly caregiving across the Indian subcontinent by analyzing 21 studies selected from an initial pool of 5349 records. Key issues identified include limited access to healthcare services, high rates of multimorbidity, significant caregiver burden, and difficulties in adopting new health technologies. Additionally, the review highlights the inadequacies in healthcare infrastructure, the impact of socioeconomic factors, and financial barriers to the healthcare of the elderly in the Indian subcontinent.

Tuberculosis in Saharia Tribe (a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group) of India: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in India, particularly among vulnerable populations. The Saharia tribe, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), faces a disproportionately high TB burden. This study aimed to systematically review and quantify the TB burden among the Saharia tribe through meta-analysis.

Transitioning from a Multi-Agency to an Integrated Food Control System: A Case Study from the Sultanate of Oman.

Food safety regulations and their implementations are becoming increasingly complex due to various reasons such as diverse food sources, supply chain, processing technologies, distribution systems and environmental concerns. Additionally, it is crucial to address diversified consumers and their preferences. To address these multifaceted challenges, adopting an integrated unified management system is essential.

Women empowerment and hypertension in Nepal: a nationally representative survey analysis.

This study investigates the roles of women empowerment on the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension among ever-married Nepalese women aged 15-49 years using 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey data. We assessed women empowerment using the Survey-based Women emPowERment (SWPER) index in the domains of 'social independence', 'decision-making', and 'attitudes towards violence'. We assessed associations of domains of women empowerment with hypertension using multiple logistic regression models.

MSCardio seismocardiography dataset: Initial insights from remote monitoring of cardiovascular-induced chest vibrations via smartphones.

The Mississippi State Remote Cardiovascular Monitoring (MSCardio) Study leverages smartphones to remotely collect seismocardiography (SCG) and gyrocardiography data from participants. The study employs an app that uses embedded sensors to record multi-dimensional vibrations, along with self-reported lifestyle and health data. Metadata is also captured to provide contextual information for analysis.

BCG immunization mitigates SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques via monocyte efferocytosis and neutrophil recruitment in lungs.

Exposure to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or Canarypox ALVAC/Alum vaccine elicits pro- or antiinflammatory innate responses, respectively. We tested whether prior exposure of macaques to these immunogens protected against SARS-CoV-2 replication in lungs and found more efficient replication control after the pro-inflammatory immunity elicited by BCG. The decreased virus level in lungs was linked to early infiltrates of classical monocytes producing IL-8 with systemic neutrophils, Th2 cells, and Ki67+CD95+CD4+ T cells producing CCR7.

Characteristics of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Receiving Selexipag in the SPHERE Registry by Race and Ethnicity.

Introduction: Racial/ethnic minority populations in the US have a high burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Objective: To evaluate demographics, disease characteristics, prescribing patterns, hospitalization, and survival in racial/ethnic groups in the SPHERE registry.

Methods: SPHERE was a US, multicenter, prospective, observational registry of adults prescribed selexipag in clinical practice (November 2016-March 2020).

Multivariate and predictive modelling of arsenic and cadmium in rice: Influence of origin, grain type, and processing.

Rice is a global dietary staple and understanding the accumulation of toxic and essential elements in rice grains is vital for public health, particularly in high-consumption regions. While prior studies have assessed elemental contamination, applying advanced machine learning (ML) to predict and analyze geographic patterns remains limited. This study analyzed arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and six essential elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Se, and Mo) in 46 rice samples sold in Sydney, Australia, using ICP-MS.

In silico exploration of anticancer plant phytochemicals for EGFR-targeted lung cancer therapy.

Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), particularly in the tyrosine kinase domain such as exon 19 deletions and the L858R point mutation, play a critical role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR is a well-established therapeutic target in the management of NSCLC. In this study, we targeted the mutated EGFR kinase domain (L858R) using its crystal structure (PDB ID: 2EB3) to design EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Physicochemical and Structural Characteristics of Date Seed and Starch Composite Powder as Prepared by Heating at Different Temperatures.

Date seeds, a by-product of the pitted-date industry, are often discarded as waste. This study investigated the interaction between date seed powder and starch at different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 g/25 g composite) and temperatures (40 °C and 70 °C). The results revealed that the hygroscopicity of date seed powder (9.

Structural Characterization of Micronized Lignocellulose Date Pits as Affected by Water Sonication Followed by Alcoholic Fractionations.

Date pits are considered waste, and micronized date pit powder could be developed for use in foods and bio-products. In this study, micronized date pit powders were extracted by alcoholic sedimentation after ultrasound treatment. The control was considered untreated, i.

Assessing mortality rates and predictors of cardiac death in diabetic and non-diabetic patients after left main percutaneous coronary intervention with the Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent in Bangladesh: a comprehensive analysis.

Background: Managing coronary artery disease in diabetic patients, especially left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease, requires complex decision-making. Drug-eluting stents, such as the Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZES), provide a less invasive alternative to coronary artery bypass grafting for revascularisation.

Aims: We aimed to compare the mortality rates between patients with or without diabetes following left main percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the Resolute ZES and to assess the major predictors of cardiac death based on baseline characteristics, lesion features, and procedural details.

Organic and inorganic fertilizers influence the productivity, fruit quality and nutrient use efficiency of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.).

Efficient nutrient management is crucial for profitable strawberry production. This study investigated the practical consequences of organic and inorganic fertilization strategies, assessing their influence on yield, fruit quality, nutrient uptake and efficiency and economic viability for the production of strawberry. Field experiments were conducted at the Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh, from 2019 to 20 to 2020-2021.

Risk factors of under-five mortality in Tanzania: insights from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

Background: Under-five mortality (U5M) is a key indicator and major concern of population health globally, which reflects the quality of maternal and childcare facilities and health services. Despite the significant decline globally, the challenge remains, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, although Tanzania, a lower-middle-income country, is showing notable improvements, yet still needs attention to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Therefore, this study aims to explore the socioeconomic, maternal, child and environmental risk factors of U5M in Tanzania.

Dentin Metal and Trace Elements in Deciduous Teeth: Findings from Project Viva.

Deciduous teeth can reveal historical exposure to metals, yet their distribution within populations remains underexplored. This study aimed to characterize metal levels in deciduous teeth, compare measurements across duplicate teeth, and assess associations with maternal blood metal concentrations during pregnancy, while considering maternal and child characteristics. We recruited women into Project Viva between 1999 and 2002 during early pregnancy.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of bovine blastocysts reveals specific effects of the oocyte source and the environments during maturation and early embryo development.

Background: Although differences between in vivo and in vitro derived bovine blastocysts in terms of global gene expression profiles have been reported, comparative transcriptome analyses specifically addressing the sustained impact of the oocyte source or the in vitro culture environments during maturation and post-maturation period are remain limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the specific impacts of oocyte origin and the culture environment during and after maturation on the gene expression signature at blastocyst stage. To achieve this, we utilized our recently developed technique that enables intrafollicular transfer of immature and matured slaughterhouse-derived oocytes into dominant or preovulatory follicles.

Investigation of the physical, chemical and thermal properties of a novel lignocellulosic fiber extracted from the leaf stalk.

Natural plant fibers are inexpensive, lightweight, renewable, and environmentally friendly, making them sustainable substitutes for synthetic materials. This study aims to identify alternative, eco-friendly replacements for nonbiodegradable fibers used in polymer composites. To achieve this goal, the fibers from leaf stalks were thoroughly characterized, with a focus on their physical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties.

The two costs of neglect: evaluating the health and economic impacts of anthrax in an endemic area of rural Africa.

Endemic zoonoses have a dual burden, impacting human and animal health, as well as livelihoods due to livestock losses. One such disease is anthrax, caused by . Data on the burden of anthrax on human and animal health are extremely limited, perpetuating neglect at the policy level in endemic areas and internationally.