Selenium nanoparticles attenuates silver nanoparticles toxicity in mice Sertoli cells via modulation of SOD and Kindlin-2.

The rapid increase in male infertility has raised concerns about the potential risks of nanoparticles to male reproductive health. Previous studies have shown that high concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) possess antioxidant properties and can mitigate oxidative stress. However, the impact of SeNPs on supporting Sertoli cells affected by AgNPs has not been studied.

Fabrication and application of salicin-polycaprolactone 3D-printed scaffold in the healing of femur bone defects.

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a suitable material for bone repair due to good biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, low bioactivity and hydrophobicity pose major challenges for its biomedical applications. To overcome these limitations, PCL-based scaffolds loaded with bioactive agents have been developed.

The expression of fibrosis-related genes is elevated in doxorubicin-induced senescent human dermal fibroblasts, but their secretome does not trigger a paracrine fibrotic response in non-senescent cells.

Tissue fibrosis is associated with the aging process of most of our organs, and organ aging correlates with the chronic accumulation of senescent cells. Fibrosis occurs when fibroblasts proliferate and deposit pathological amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to progressive tissue scarring and organ dysfunction. Fibroblasts play a key role in fibrosis, especially in the skin where fibroblasts are the most abundant cell type in the dermis and are mainly responsible for the synthesis of ECM.

Melittin Prevents Metastasis of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced MDA-MB-231 Cells through The Inhibition of The SDF-1α/CXCR4 Signaling Pathway.

Objective: Melittin is one of the natural components of bee venom (Apis mellifera), and its anticancer and antimetastatic properties have been well established, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The MDA-MB-231 is a triplenegative cell line that is highly aggressive and invasive. Besides, many critical proteins are involved in tumor invasion and metastasis.

Ovarian Toxicity Induced by Aluminum Chloride: Alteration of Cyp19a1, Pcna, Puma, and Map1lc3b genes Expression.

Aluminum (Al) is an abundant metal with wide application in our daily lives including medicine, industry, cosmetics, and packaging. After entrance to the body, aluminum binds to transferrin and reaches different tissues. Al is a metalloestrogen that can lead to oxidative stress (OxS) and endocrine disruption.

Selenium enhances the expression of miR-9, miR-124 and miR-29a during neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Selenium (Se) is a trace element that plays important role in antioxidant defense in the brain. Sodium selenite (NaSeO) is an inorganic salt of Se which has an antioxidant function. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Sodium selenite on the expression of important neuronal microRNAs during neural differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs).

Cytotoxicity of mancozeb on Sertoli-germ cell co-culture system: Role of MAPK signaling pathway.

Mancozeb (MZB) is a worldwide fungicide for the management of fungal diseases in agriculture and industrial contexts. Human exposure occurs by consuming contaminated plants, drinking water, and occupational exposure. There are reports on MZB's reprotoxicity such as testicular structure damage, sperm abnormalities, and decrease in sperm parameters (number, viability, and motility), but its molecular mechanism on apoptosis in testis remains limited.

Regeneration of Bone Defects in a Rabbit Femoral Osteonecrosis Model Using 3D-Printed Poly (Epsilon-Caprolactone)/Nanoparticulate Willemite Composite Scaffolds.

Steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) is a chronic disease that leads to the destruction and collapse of bone near the joint that is subjected to weight bearing, ultimately resulting in a loss of hip and knee function. Zn ions, as an essential trace element, have functional roles in improving the immunophysiological cellular environment, accelerating bone regeneration, and inhibiting biofilm formation. In this study, we reconstruct SAON lesions with a three-dimensional (3D)-a printed composite made of poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and nanoparticulate Willemite (npW).

Profound changes in cerebrospinal fluid proteome and metabolic profile are associated with congenital hydrocephalus.

The aetiology of congenital hydrocephalus (cHC) has yet to be resolved. cHC manifests late in rodent gestation, and by 18-22 weeks in human fetuses, coinciding with the start of the major phase of cerebral cortex development. Previously we found that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation is associated with compositional changes, folate metabolic impairment and consequential arrest in cortical development.

Melittin inhibits the expression of key genes involved in tumor microenvironment formation by suppressing HIF-1α signaling in breast cancer cells.

HIF-1α has critical roles in the formation of tumor microenvironment by regulating genes involved in angiogenesis and anaerobic respiration. TME fuels tumors' growth and metastasis and presents therapy with several challenges. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if Melittin disrupts HIF-1α signaling pathway in breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231.

The association between testicular toxicity induced by Li2Co3 and protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum: Alteration of Bax & c-Kit genes expression.

Ganoderma lucidum has received a lot of attention recently due to its medicinal potential activities. The aim of this designed experiment was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract against lithium carbonate induced testicular toxicity and related lesions in mice testis. For this purpose, lithium carbonate at a dose of 30 mg/kg, followed by 75, 150 mg/kg Ganoderma lucidum extract orally were administered for 35 days.

Anticancer Potential of Aguerin B, a Sesquiterpene Lactone Isolated from in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: Breast carcinoma is a malignant disease that represents the most common non-skin malignancy and a chief reason of cancer death in women. Large interest is growing in the use of natural products for cancer treatment, especially with goal of suppression angiogenesis, tumor cell growth, motility, as well as invasion and metastasis with low/no toxicity. It is evident from recent patents on the anticancer properties of sesquiterpene lactones such as parthenolide.

Investigating the synergic effects of valproic acid and crocin on BDNF and GDNF expression in epidermal neural crest stem cells.

Following nerve tissue damage, various events, such as inflammatory responses, microglial activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis, can occur, which all lead to cell death, prevent axonal growth, and cause axonal circumvolution. So far, several researchers have tended to adopt strategies to reduce the harmful conditions associated with neurological disorders, and stem‑cell‑based therapy is one of those promising strategies. Epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI‑NCSCs) are a type of stem cell that has widely been employed for the treatment of various neurological disorders.

Apoptotic Effects of Melittin on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cell Line is associated with Up Regulation of Mfn1 and Drp1 mRNA Expression.

Background And Purpose: Melittin, as the main ingredient of honeybee venom, that has shown anticancer properties. The present study aimed at investigating the cytotoxic impacts of melittin on 4T1 breast cancer cells.

Methods: Hemolytic activity of different concentrations (0.

Down-regulation of TGF-β, VEGF, and bFGF in vascular endothelial cells of chicken induced by a brittle star () extract.

Great attention has been focused on the discovery of anti-angiogenic natural and synthetic compounds to be finally used as or at least a part of the treatment of tumors. The marine ecosystems provide diversity in natural chemicals with the potential of being exploited as medicines in the treatment of diseases. Several studies have investigated Ophiuroids as a source of anti-tumor and anti-metastatic organisms.

The Effects of Embryonic Cerebrospinal Fluid on The Viability and Neuronal Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Wistar Rats.

Objective: The embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (e-CSF) contains various growth factors and morphogens. Recent studies showed that e-CSF plays significant roles in embryonic brain development. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have a mesodermal origin that can be differentiated into mesodermal and ectodermal lineages.

In Utero Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Alters DNA Methylation and Gene Expression of CDKN2A/B in Langerhans Islets of Rat Offspring.

Objective: DNA methylation, a major epigenetic reprogramming mechanism, contributes to the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Based on genome-wide association studies, polymorphisms in are associated with T2DM. Our previous studies showed that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes apoptosis in β-cells, leading to a reduction in their number in pancreatic tissue of GDM-exposed adult rat offspring.

Embryonic cerebrospinal fluid formation and regulation.

The vertebrate brain is organized, from its embryonic origin and throughout adult life, around a dynamic and complex fluid, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). There is growing interest in the composition, dynamics and function of the CSF in brain development research. It has been demonstrated in higher vertebrates that CSF has key functions in delivering diffusible signals and nutrients to the developing brain, contributing to the proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural progenitor cells, and to the patterning of the brain.

The synergistic cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin and extract on human breast cancer cell line T47-D.

Background: Breast cancer accounts for one-third of cancer cases in women. Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the chemotherapeutical compounds widely used to treat breast cancer. Chemical drugs have several side effects and their continuous administration leads to drug resistance in patients.

Effects of maternal thyroid hormone deficiency on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in CSF-exposed neonatal Wistar rats.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains growth and neurotrophic factors which regulate proliferation, differentiation, and neurogenesis. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the development of the nervous system and hypothyroidism during development of embryos leads to defects in the nervous system. This study aimed to survey the effects of rat neonatal CSF collected from induced hypothyroid mothers on differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).

Antimutagenic and Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect of Cisplatin and Honey Bee Venom on 4T1 Invasive Mammary Carcinoma Cell Line.

Introduction: Honey bee venom (HBV) has various biological activities such as the inhibitory effect on several types of cancer. Cisplatin is an old and potent drug to treat most of the cancers. Our aim in the present study was to determine antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of HBV on mammary carcinoma, exclusively and in combination with cisplatin.

Modeling traumatic injury in organotypic spinal cord slice culture obtained from adult rat.

Nowadays there are various models of spinal cord injury (SCI) that recreate mechanisms of human SCI. The ex vivo modeling of injury is a robust approach, confronts with less experimental and ethical challenges. Currently almost all ex vivo models are obtained either from embryonic or postnatal animals, which can hardly mimic features of human SCI.

Potential Use of Amniotic Membrane - Derived Scaffold for Cerebrospinal Fluid Applications.

Scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues provide a natural microenvironment for cell culture. Embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (e-CSF) contains factors which play vital roles in the development of the nervous system. This research was aimed to survey the effect of Wistar rat e-CSF on neural differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) cultured on the human amniotic membrane (AM).

Mancozeb induces testicular dysfunction through oxidative stress and apoptosis: Protective role of N-acetylcysteine antioxidant.

Mancozeb (MZB) is one of the fungicides used in pest control programs that might affect human health including reproductive system. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the mechanisms through which MZB induces testicular tissue damage and the probable protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a modified amino acid, with antioxidant property, against MZB toxicity in an animal model. Male albino mice ( n = 8) were exposed to different doses of MZB (250 and 500 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage without or with NAC (200 mg/kg, twice/week) for 40 days.