Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer in Jordan, a Resource-Restricted Country.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in Jordan and remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women. This manuscript aims to explore the situation of colorectal cancer in Jordan, a resource-restricted country, and provide insights into clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed all reports from the Jordan Cancer Registry over the past 20 years.

Safety and Efficacy of Reduced Dose of Enzalutamide in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.

To review the efficacy and safety of reduced dose compared to standard dose Enzalutamide treatment for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies reporting the use of Enzalutamide in reduced and standard doses in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Searches were limited to articles published in the English language.

Canadian Kidney Transplant Recipients', Transplant Candidates', and Caregivers' Perspectives on Precision Medicine and Molecular Matching in Kidney Allocation: A Qualitative Analysis.

Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is an important cause of kidney transplant loss. A new strategy requiring application of precision medicine tools in transplantation considers molecular compatibility between donors and recipients and holds the promise of improved immunologic risk, preventing rejection and premature graft loss.

Objective: The objective of this study was to gather patients' and caregivers' perspectives on molecular compatibility in kidney transplantation.

Chemotherapy-free innovations in locally advanced head and neck cancer: a comprehensive review.

The treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) has traditionally relied on a multimodal approach, combining surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy. While chemotherapy plays a critical role in improving cure rates and functional outcomes, its substantial toxicity remains a major concern, particularly in older patients. These challenges are especially relevant for those who are unfit for chemotherapy or decline conventional concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic options.

Short-course radiation followed by mFOLFOX-6 plus avelumab for locally-advanced microsatellite stable rectal adenocarcinoma: The Averectal study.

Background: Total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT) has improved complete pathologic response (pCR) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), though an increased local recurrence rate (LRR) with short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) is concerning. Synergism between immunotherapy and radiotherapy may improve outcomes in LARC, even where microsatellite stable (MSS) tumours exist. The Averectal trial evaluated SCRT, followed by chemotherapy and immunotherapy with avelumab and total mesorectal excision (TME) in these patients.

Role of hematological biomarkers in predicting oncological outcomes of definitive chemoradiation in locally advanced vulvar carcinoma.

Background: The systemic inflammatory response triggered by the carcinogenic process induces significant changes in a wide range of hematological biomarkers, impacting their levels, functions, and overall roles in the body's physiological and pathological processes.

Objective: To evaluate the value of pre-treatment hematological parameters in the prediction of clinical and radiological responses of locally advanced vulvar cancer to definitive chemoradiation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated at the King Hussein Cancer Center receiving definitive chemoradiation for pathologically confirmed locally advanced vulvar carcinoma.

Turning the tide: From cervical cancer's grip to complete response: A case report.

Background: Cervical cancer is a formidable global health issue, particularly affecting women in lower-middle-income countries with little or no access to preventative vaccines, screening programs, and treatment modalities. The case report presents a unique case of a large cervical cancer achieving complete response (CR) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), highlighting the effectiveness of this treatment approach even in advanced stages and underscoring the importance of adaptive radiotherapy (RT) in optimizing patient outcomes.

Case Summary: We present the case of a 53-year-old woman who presented with four years of abnormal vaginal bleeding and was found to have p16-positive, moderately differentiated cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Unusual Metastatic Lymph Node to Retro-Scapular Area in Occult Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Introduction: Breast cancer typically metastasizes to axillary, internal mammary and supraclavicular lymph node chains. In contrast, occult breast cancer (OBC), a rare form of breast cancer, usually presents as axillary lymphadenopathy and rarely metastasizes regionally or distally.

Case Presentation: In this case report, we present a 45-year-old female patient with unusual presentation of breast cancer initially as axillary lymphadenopathy without breast mass.

First Clinical Experience of Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Tertiary Cancer Center: Identifying Pearls and Pitfalls.

Over the past four years, Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been established at a tertiary cancer care facility in Jordan. This retrospective study aims to explore tracer uptake metrics across various epithelial neoplasms, identify diagnostic pitfalls associated with Ga-FAPI PET/CT, and evaluate the influence of Ga-FAPI PET/CT staging results on changes in therapeutic intent compared to gold standard molecular imaging modalities. A total of 48 patients with biopsy-confirmed solid tumors underwent 77 Ga-FAPI PET/CT examinations for molecular imaging assessment, encompassing neoplasms originating from the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, hepatobiliary system, pancreas, breast, and lung.

Applications of artificial intelligence to inherited retinal diseases: A systematic review.

Artificial intelligence(AI)-based methods have been extensively used for the detection and management of various common retinal conditions, but their targeted development for inherited retinal diseases (IRD) is still nascent. In the context of limited availability of retinal subspecialists, genetic testing and genetic counseling, there is a high need for accurate and accessible diagnostic methods. The currently available AI studies, aiming for detection, classification, and prediction of IRD, remain mainly retrospective and include relatively limited numbers of patients due to their scarcity.

Clinical outcomes and impact of prognostic factors in resectable oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in non-metastatic oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) patients who underwent surgery with or without adjuvant therapy.

Methods: From 2007 and 2018, 116 patients were analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), local failure (LF), regional failure (RF), and distant metastases (DM).

Peer Review in Radiation Oncology: Where Does the Middle East, North Africa, and Türkiye Region Stand?

Purpose: This study aims to assess the status of radiation oncology peer review procedures across the Middle East, North Africa, and Türkiye (MENAT) region.

Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted among radiotherapy centers in the MENAT region in March 2024. It assessed peer review practices, departmental demographics, perceived importance of peer review, and potential barriers.

Moberg and Moberg-Akin ('Mo-Akin') Osteotomies for Hallux Rigidus.

Hallux rigidus represents the arthritis affecting the first metatarsophalangeal joint. It often leads to limited dorsiflexion, affecting gait and causing pain. Moberg osteotomy involves a dorsal closing wedge osteotomy on the proximal phalanx performed for early stages of hallux rigidus.

Efficacy and Safety of 0.19-mg Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant in Postoperative Cystoid Macular Edema after Pars Plana Vitrectomy: The ILUvien in Postoperative CYstoid Macular eDema Study.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of 0.19-mg fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) intravitreal implant (Iluvien) in treating chronic postoperative cystoid macular edema (PCME) after pars plana vitrectomy.

Design: Retrospective multicentric case series in clinical settings.

V-Y Quadricepsplasty for Knee Stiffness Post Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Knee stiffness post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) represents a common and challenging complication. Standard treatment protocols primarily include physical therapy, manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), fibrotic tissue release, lysis of adhesions (LOA), and in refractory cases, revision arthroplasty. However, these interventions often show minimal improvement in refractory cases.

Comparative analysis through propensity score matching in thyroid cancer: unveiling the impact of multiple malignancies.

Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise worldwide, with childhood exposure to radiation being the sole acknowledged catalyst for its emergence. Nonetheless, numerous other factors that may pose risks are awaiting thorough examination and validation. This retrospective study aims to explore the malignancies linked to thyroid cancer and contrast the survival rates of those afflicted with a solitary tumor versus those with multiple primary neoplasms (MPN).

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Evolving Role of Systemic Therapies as a Bridging Treatment to Liver Transplantation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Classically, liver transplantation (LT) can be curative for HCC tumors within the Milan criteria. Bridging strategies to reduce the dropouts from LT waiting lists and/or to downstage patients who are beyond the Milan criteria are widely utilized.

Kidney transplant candidates' perspectives on the implementation of a Canadian Willingness to Cross program: A strategy to increase access to kidney transplantation for highly sensitized patients.

Background: Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease. However, highly sensitized patients (HSPs) have reduced access to transplantation, leading to increased morbidity and mortality on the waiting list. The Canadian Willingness to Cross (WTC) program proposes allowing transplantation across preformed donor specific antibodies (DSA) determined to be at a low risk of rejection under the adaptive design framework.

Beyond clinical trials: real-world impact of immunotherapy on NSCLC in Jordan.

Background: This study aims to evaluate real-world (rw) outcomes of immunotherapy (IO) for advanced stage NSCLC at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) in Jordan.

Methods: Advanced stage NSCLC patients who received IO at KHCC between 2017 and 2022 were included. The data were retrospectively collected.

Can we triumph over locally advanced cervical cancer with colossal para-aortic lymph nodes? A case report.

Background: Para-aortic lymph nodes (PALNs) are common sites for the regional spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Case Summary: We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with cervical SCC with multiple bulky PALNs, largest measured 4.5 cm × 5 cm × 10 cm.

A NOVEL RLBP1 GENE MUTATION ASSOCIATED WITH RETINAL FLECKS.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present an unusual fleck retina condition associated with a novel RLBP1 gene mutation.

Methods/results: A 25-year-old male patient presented with flecks on fundoscopic examination. Clinical presentation, multimodal imaging, and electroretinography were compatible with the diagnosis of benign familial fleck retina.

Clinical and molecular characteristics of Jordanian oropharyngeal cancer patients according to P16 expression: a retrospective study and a report of a novel biomarker.

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinicopathological features of oropharyngeal cancer patients in Jordan based on their HPV status. Sixty-nine biopsies from two hospitals were included. Tissue microarrays were prepared from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens and stained with antibodies for CDKN2A/P16, EGFR, PI3K, PTEN, AKT, pS473AKT, PS2mTOR, and TIMAP.

Survival Trends in Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Middle Eastern Perspective.

Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (pedDTC) is a rare pediatric malignancy with an increasing incidence over time. To date, there is a paucity of literature specifically addressing pedDTC within the context of Middle Eastern ethnicity. This retrospective study aimed to assess the risk-stratifying factors for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in pediatric DTC patients from Iraq and Jordan.