Predictors of Long-Term Desensitization in Children Treated with Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Real-World Cohort Study.

: The degree of desensitization achieved through oral immunotherapy (OIT) varies widely. This study aimed to identify factors predictive of full desensitization-defined as daily, symptom-free consumption of allergenic foods-in children with food allergies under real-world conditions. : A follow-up survey was conducted for all children who received OIT at Mie National Hospital, Japan, between 2008 and 2017, to assess long-term safety.

Low-dose oral cow's milk challenge outcome for patients on complete avoidance: A multicenter study in Japan.

Background: Few studies have reported significant risk factors for allergic symptoms during low-dose (1-3 mL) cow's milk (CM) oral food challenges (OFCs). We investigated patients from multiple centers in Japan to identify high-risk, low-dose CM OFCs and conducted these tests at allergy-specialized facilities.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the results of the first low-dose CM OFCs performed at 10 hospitals in Japan between January and December 2019.

Cross-sectional Survey of Allergic Diseases in Staff and Their Families at Designated Allergic Disease Medical Hospitals in Japan: Calculation of Age-adjusted Prevalence.

Background: Continuous epidemiological surveys using consistent methodologies are essential for assessing the prevalence of allergic diseases. In 2021, a cross-sectional survey on allergic diseases was conducted, targeting staff and their families at Designated Allergic Disease Medical Hospitals across 41 prefectures in Japan. By 2022, these hospitals had been established in all 47 prefectures of Japan.

Emulsion containing a chitosan derivative in children with mild atopic dermatitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Recently, partially myristoylated carboxymethyl chitosan (PMCMC) was developed in Japan. To compare the efficacy and safety of PMCMC-containing emulsion and petrolatum, we conducted a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Eligible patients were children aged 1-<6 years who had mild atopic dermatitis (with Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI] ≤7.

Usefulness of gibberellin-regulated protein specific IgE measurement in patients with systemic symptoms of apple allergy with exercise.

Patients with peach allergy who experience severe symptoms, including anaphylaxis, reportedly have a higher positivity for peach gibberellin-regulated protein (GRP)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E than those with only oral symptoms. However, a study in Italy investigating apple allergy (another Rosaceae fruit) found no clear association between apple GRP-specific IgE levels and clinical disease types. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of GRP-specific IgE measurement in Japanese patients with apple allergy.

Executive summary: Japanese guidelines for atopic dermatitis (ADGL) 2024.

This is an abridged edition of English version of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis 2024. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease characterized by relapsing eczema with pruritus as a primary lesion. A crucial aspect of AD treatment is the prompt induction of remission via the suppression of existing skin inflammation and pruritus.

Peach component-specific IgE measurement helps to differentiate between local and systemic reactions in peach-allergic Japanese patients.

Background: Component-resolved diagnostics are used to diagnose food allergies. Currently, reports on sensitization profiles using peach-allergen components in a multicenter setting are lacking. In this study, sensitization profiling of peach allergy was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of each component specific-immunoglobulin E antibody (sIgE ab) test.

Two Pediatric Cases of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Caused by Loss-of-Function Variants in Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Gene, .

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary disease caused by genes related to motile cilia. We report two male pediatric cases of PCD caused by hemizygous pathogenic variants in the OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein () gene. The variants were NM_003611.

[DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN WITH FOOD ALLERGY REPORTED BY PARENTS].

Objective: No questionnaire aimed at evaluating the quality of life (QOL) of children with food allergies has been developed in Japan. Therefore, this study was aimed at developing a Japanese version of a QOL questionnaire for children with food allergies to be responded to by their parents.

Methods: A 59-question primary questionnaire was developed for parents of children aged 0 to 15 years who had food allergies.

Efficacy and safety of dupilumab with concomitant topical corticosteroids in Japanese pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.

Background: We investigated the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in Japanese patients aged ≥6 months to <18 years old with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis not adequately controlled with existing therapies.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study, patients received dupilumab (n = 30) or placebo (n = 32) with concomitant topical corticosteroids for 16 weeks, then all patients received dupilumab from 16 to 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with ≥75% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score from baseline (EASI-75) to Week 16.

Practical guide for the diagnosis and management of primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Objective: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a relatively rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 20,000 people. Approximately 50 genes are currently known to cause PCD. In light of differences in causative genes and the medical system in Japan compared with other countries, a practical guide was needed for the diagnosis and management of Japanese PCD patients.

[DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PARENT BURDEN OF CHILDREN WITH FOOD ALLERGY].

Objective: Quality of life (QOL) questionnaires for parents of children with food allergies have been developed in the United States and Europe. However, no original Japanese QOL questionnaire has been developed till date. We aimed to develop an original questionnaire to evaluate the QOL in parents of children with food allergies in Japan.

Perspectives and gaps in the management of food allergy and anaphylaxis in the Asia-Pacific Region.

Background: Food allergy (FA), which is a condition that has no effective cure and can result in severe life-threatening allergic reactions, remains a global public health concern; however, little is known about how FAs are currently managed in the Asia-Pacific region.

Objective: The main objective of this survey was to evaluate the epidemiology of FA, as well as the availability of resources and practices for management of FA and anaphylaxis by health care providers across Asia.

Methods: From June 2022 to September 2022, a questionnaire-based survey comprising 66 questions was electronically sent to member societies of the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology by using Survey Monkey.

Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in sustained unresponsiveness by oral immunotherapy in school-age children with cow's milk allergy.

Background: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can ameliorate cow's milk allergy (CMA); however, the achievement of sustained unresponsiveness (SU) is challenging. Regarding the pathogenesis of CMA, recent studies have shown the importance of gut microbiota (Mb) and fecal water-soluble metabolites (WSMs), which prompted us to determine the change in clinical and gut environmental factors important for acquiring SU after OIT for CMA.

Methods: We conducted an ancillary cohort study of a multicenter randomized, parallel-group, delayed-start design study on 32 school-age children with IgE-mediated CMA who underwent OIT for 13 months.

[JAPANESE TRANSLATION AND LINGUISTIC VALIDATION OF THE RECAP OF ATOPIC ECZEMA (RECAP)].

Background: The Recap of atopic eczema (RECAP), a new core outcome of the atopic dermatitis trial, was translated into Japanese and linguistically validated.

Methods: Translation into Japanese was accomplished according to the ISPOR (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcome Research) guidelines and the basic guidelines for scale translation. The translation process included two forward translations, reconciliation with native English speakers, third-party back translation, cognitive debriefing, review and harmonization by the original authors.

Circulating extracellular vesicles are associated with pathophysiological condition including metabolic syndrome-related dysmetabolism in children and adolescents with obesity.

Obesity of children and adolescents (OCA) is often accompanied by metabolic syndrome (MetS), which often leads to adult obesity and subsequent complications, yet the entire pathophysiological response is not fully understood. The number and composition of circulating extracellular vesicles (EV) reflect overall patient condition; therefore, we investigated the pathophysiological condition of OCA, including MetS-associated dysmetabolism, using circulating EVs. In total, 107 children and adolescents with or without obesity (boys, n = 69; girls, n = 38; median age, 10 years) were enrolled.

Case report of a child who may have developed anaphylaxis after ingesting raw horse meat by cross-reactivity of horse and cat pelt.

Pork-cat syndrome can occur in children younger than 10 years. A history of contact with animals since infancy and history of severe atopic dermatitis, which can promote epicutaneous sensitization to animal serum albumin, may be helpful in diagnosis.

COVID-19 in the Asia Pacific: Impact on climate change, allergic diseases and One Health.

Climate change and environmental factors such as air pollution and loss of biodiversity are known to have a major impact not only on allergic diseases but also on many noncommunicable diseases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in many environmental changes during the different phases of the pandemic. The use of face masks, enhanced hand hygiene with hand rubs and sanitizers, use of personal protective equipment (gowns and gloves), and safe-distancing measures, reduced the overall incidence of respiratory infections and other communicable diseases.

Prevalence of Allergic Diseases across All Ages in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Employing Designated Allergic Disease Medical Hospital Network.

Introduction: Allergic diseases affect both children and adults, but generation-specific prevalence rates are unclear.

Methods: An online questionnaire was used from December 2021 to January 2022 to survey the prevalence of allergic diseases among staff and their families of designated allergic disease medical hospitals in Japan. In this study, bronchial asthma (BA), atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergies (FAs), allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), metal allergies (MAs), and drug allergies (DAs) were the allergic diseases surveyed.

Characteristic genetic spectrum of primary ciliary dyskinesia in Japanese patients and global ethnic heterogeneity: population-based genomic variation database analysis.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary disease caused by pathogenic variants in genes associated with motile cilia. Some variants responsible for PCD are reported to be ethnic-specific or geographical-specific. To identify the responsible PCD variants of Japanese PCD patients, we performed next-generation sequencing of a panel of 32 PCD genes or whole-exome sequencing in 26 newly identified Japanese PCD families.