Observational analysis of biological remission as a treatment target for severe asthma: UK severe asthma registry.

Background: The aim of biologic therapies in severe asthma is inhibition of T2 inflammatory pathways.

Objective: We hypothesized that patients who achieve complete suppression of IL-5 & IL4/IL13 pathways with biologic therapy (FeNO <20ppb & blood eosinophil count (BEC) <0.15x10ˆ9, 'biological remission') would have better outcomes than patients with incomplete suppression of T2 biology.

Biosurfactants as next-generation antimicrobials: mechanistic insights and applications in antibiofilm strategies for combatting antimicrobial resistance.

Biosurfactants, amphiphilic molecules produced by microorganisms, are emerging as promising next-generation antimicrobials due to their diverse structures and mechanisms of action. This review explores the potential of biosurfactants in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and their applications across various fields. We discuss the classification of biosurfactants, including glycolipids, lipopeptides, and phospholipids, highlighting their unique structural features and microbial origins.

Modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways by polyphenol-rich Pleurospermum candollei extract in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats.

Background: Pleurospermum candollei is a locally used vegetable traditionally known for its medicinal properties in alleviating pain and joint discomfort. The present research was designed to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of P. candollei butanol extract (PCB) in the carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model.

Effects of obesity on response to asthma biologic treatment: Longitudinal data from the United Kingdom Severe Asthma Registry.

Background: Obesity is a common co-morbidity associated with poor outcomes in severe asthma.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether obesity is associated with an altered response to severe asthma biologic agents.

Methods: We analysed data from the UK Severe Asthma Registry, a large UK-wide cohort of patients attending regional severe asthma services.

Dissipation and Risk Assessment of a Combination Product of Chlorantraniliprole + Abamectin and Spirotetramat in Pomegranate Fruit and Juice.

Supervised field trials were conducted to understand the dissipation kinetics of the combination product chlorantraniliprole + abamectin and spirotetramat and its metabolites in pomegranate samples. QuEChERS-based methods were successfully used to analyze these pesticides from pomegranate samples with a correlation coefficient R > 0.99, accuracy 70-120%, and precision RSD ≤ 20% in all cases.

Is Team-Based Learning Effective for the Medical Student in Difficulty?

Team-based learning is a widely accepted technique for small group, active learning, in medical courses. The nature of team-based learning allows students to discuss and explore topics in a structured way. The tasks that are set develop problem-solving skills and professional attitudes.

Ilimaquinone as a novel marine sponge-derived antibacterial agent: mechanistic insights into its antibiofilm and quorum sensing inhibitory properties targeting bacterial virulence.

This study evaluates the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum-sensing (QS) properties of ilimaquinone (IQ) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. The agar cup diffusion method revealed significant bacterial inhibition, with minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 25 μM and 12.

NEU1-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle Glycosylation in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanistic Insights into Intercellular Communication and Therapeutic Targeting.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is marked by the pathological accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles, both of which disrupt neuronal communication and function. Emerging evidence highlights the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as key mediators of intercellular communication, particularly in the propagation of pathological proteins in AD. Among the regulatory factors influencing EV composition and function, neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), a lysosomal sialidase responsible for desialylating glycoproteins has gained attention for its involvement in EV glycosylation.

Elucidation of Artemisinin as a Potent GSK3β Inhibitor for Neurodegenerative Disorders via Machine Learning-Driven QSAR and Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) is a key enzyme involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, contributing to tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, and neuronal dysfunction. : This study applied a machine learning-driven virtual screening approach to identify potent natural inhibitors of GSK3β. A dataset of 3092 natural compounds was analyzed using Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), with feature selection focusing on key molecular descriptors, including lipophilicity (ALogP: -0.

Neuroprotective potential of quercetin in Alzheimer's disease: targeting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid-β aggregation.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide accumulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cholinergic deficits, all of which contribute to neuronal damage and cognitive decline.

Methods: This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of quercetin, a natural flavonoid, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Aβ-induced toxicity. Various assays were conducted to evaluate cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Aβ aggregation.

Pre-biologic assessment of adherence in severe asthma and association with biologic continuation: a UK Severe Asthma Registry Study.

Background: Biologic therapies are approved for uncontrolled severe asthma despite good adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and additional controllers. We examined the adherence assessments used across UK Severe Asthma Centres (SACs) and their relationship with biologic continuation and response.

Methods: UK SACs completed a quantitative survey on adherence assessment practices in 2022.

Cost-Effectiveness of Gamification, Financial Incentives, or Both to Increase Physical Activity Among Patients With Elevated Risk for Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: The BE ACTIVE trial (Behavioral Economic Approaches to Increase Physical Activity Among Patients with Elevated Risk for Cardiovascular Disease) documented the effectiveness, compared with an attention control arm that received daily text messages, of gamification, financial incentives, or gamification+financial incentives to increase steps/day. Increases in daily step count are associated with longer life expectancy, but understanding the cost-effectiveness of these interventions is essential for payers and other stakeholders seeking to implement findings.

Methods: We built a probabilistic Markov model to compare intervention costs with lifetime estimates of life-years and quality-adjusted life-years for 2 sets of comparisons: (1) each behavioral intervention versus attention control, and (2) each trial arm, including attention control, versus no intervention.

Dinga dinga fever: a new emerging disease or a modern-day dancing plague?

Dinga Dinga fever, a novel illness in Bundibugyo district of Uganda, causes uncontrollable tremors, fever and fatigue, primarily in women and girls. Though non-fatal, it disrupts communities. The present article explores its symptoms, epidemiology and ongoing investigations, emphasizing interdisciplinary approaches and public health interventions while drawing comparisons to historical Dancing Plagues.

Induction of a mismatch repair deficient genotype by tailored chemical mutagenesis in experimental models of cancer.

Mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) tumors harbor thousands of somatic mutations enriched for insertion-deletion (indels) conferring high sensitivity to immunotherapy. We sought to reproduce this phenotype using mutagenic agents to engineer an MMRd genotype in immunoresistant cells. The combination of temozolomide (TMZ) and cisplatin led to a rapid accumulation of a high mutational load enriched for indels in murine cell lines resulting from the epigenetic loss of Msh2.

Integrons: the hidden architects of bacterial adaptation, evolution, and the challenges of antimicrobial resistance.

Integrons, a diverse group of genetic elements, have emerged as key players in bacterial adaptation and evolution. These elements, commonly found in both environmental as well as clinical settings, facilitate the acquisition, exchange, and expression of integron cassettes, allowing bacteria to rapidly adapt to changing environments and acquire antibiotic resistance. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the various classes of clinical integrons, including class 1, 2, and 3, highlighting their origins, distribution, and associated mobile elements.

Protective effects of polyphenolic-enriched Pleurospermum candollei extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiovascular disease in rats: modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Objectives: Pleurospermum candollei is used to treat abdominal problems, heart diseases, gastric issues, and cerebral disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of P. candollei aqueous extract (PCA) against Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac failure in rats.

A Digital Care Plan Nudge to Improve Primary Care Outcomes.

Background: Preventive care is underutilized in the United States. A digital care plan nudge delivered prior to primary care visits may prime patients to address these care gaps during the visit.

Methods: A two-group, cluster randomized trial of 76 primary care practices in four U.

Next-generation nanotechnology-integrated biosurfactants: Innovations in biopesticide development for sustainable and modern agriculture.

The increasing global demand for eco-friendly agricultural practices necessitates the development of innovative pest management solutions, effectively addressing the environmental and ecological issues associated with traditional chemical pesticides, such as pest resistance, environmental contamination, and non-target organism toxicity. Biosurfactants, biologically derived amphiphilic molecules from microbial and plant sources, offer distinct advantages including biodegradability, excellent surface-active properties, and inherent antimicrobial efficacy, making them as promising candidates for sustainable pest management and control. Concurrently, nanotechnology introduces innovative delivery mechanisms, enhancing biopesticide stability, solubility, and targeted application, significantly minimizing off-target impact and environmental footprint.

Evaluation of synthetic data impact on fire segmentation models performance.

Timely fire detection in industrial environments is crucial to safeguarding people and property. Deep neural networks have shown effectiveness in fire detection over traditional methods. However, they require high-quality datasets, which are costly and time-intensive to gather.

Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum-derived biosurfactants as eco-friendly biocontrol agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal properties for sustainable applications.

Biosurfactants are eco-friendly surface-active biomolecules with diverse applications in biotechnology, agriculture, and healthcare. This study identifies Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum (C. oceanosedimentum) as a novel biosurfactants producer with potent biocontrol potential against bacterial and fungal pathogens.

Development and health impact assessment of a novel functional probiotic beverage by fermenting hibiscus tea with coconut water.

This study developed a probiotic beverage by fermenting hibiscus tea with coconut water using (10307). The strain demonstrated survival at pH-3.0 and pH-2.

Mechanistic Insights into the Neuroprotective Potential of (L.) Correa Fruits against Aβ-Induced Cell Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells.

: Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque accumulation, oxidative stress, and cholinergic dysfunction are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disability that progresses over time, ultimately resulting in the loss of neurons. The side effects and limitations of current synthetic drugs have shifted attention toward natural alternatives. This study investigates the ethanolic extract of (L.

Insights into the Therapeutic Targets and Molecular Mechanisms of Against Colorectal Cancer: An Integrated Approach Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation.

This study presents a novel and comprehensive investigation into the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) effects and underlying mechanisms of () using an integrated approach combining network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Using an integrated approach, six bioactive compounds and 40 potential targets were identified. A compound-target network was constructed, and enrichment analysis was performed to explore the key pathways influenced by .

Antibiotic use and financial impact of a comprehensive beta-lactam allergy management program.

Objective: A multidisciplinary beta-lactam allergy management program was implemented at our community medical center to facilitate allergy documentation, conduct penicillin skin testing (PST), and decrease non-beta-lactam (NBL) use. This study measures PST-associated antibiotic use and financial outcomes.

Design: Cohort study.