Model-informed development of a cost-saving dosing regimen for enfortumab vedotin.

Aim: Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that has been approved for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab, and has shown significant benefit in progression-free survival and overall survival for these patients. The economic burden of enfortumab vedotin hampers widespread patient access. The aim of this study was to develop a model-informed alternative dosing regimen that results in equivalent drug exposure while reducing the costs and prevent drug spillage.

Multimodal integration of blood RNA and ctDNA reflects response to immunotherapy in metastatic urothelial cancer.

Background: Previously, we demonstrated that changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are promising biomarkers for early response prediction (ERP) to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). In this study, we investigated the value of whole-blood immunotranscriptomics for ERP-ICI and integrated both biomarkers into a multimodal model to boost accuracy.

Methods: Blood samples of 93 patients were collected at baseline and after 2-6 weeks of ICI for ctDNA (n = 88) and immunotranscriptome (n = 79) analyses.

Folate, folic acid, and chemotherapy-induced toxicities: A systematic literature review.

Folate metabolism is a target for various chemotherapeutic drugs. Folate and its synthetic variant folic acid are B-vitamins. To what extent these vitamins impact treatment tolerance in patients with cancer remains unclear.

[An exceptional venous pattern in a patient with cancer].

A 71-year-old female was treated with carboplatin and paclitaxel for an endometrial carcinosarcoma. The patient demonstrated an unusual type 1 allergic reaction on carboplatin, which started with an erythematous urticarial venous pattern proximal from the venous catheter with carboplatin.

Comparing Modeling Approaches for Discrete Event Simulations With Competing Risks Based on Censored Individual Patient Data: A Simulation Study and Illustration in Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to provide detailed guidance on modeling approaches for implementing competing events in discrete event simulations based on censored individual patient data (IPD).

Methods: The event-specific distributions (ESDs) approach sampled times from event-specific time-to-event distributions and simulated the first event to occur. The unimodal distribution and regression approach sampled a time from a combined unimodal time-to-event distribution, representing all events, and used a (multinomial) logistic regression model to select the event to be simulated.

Work Ability in Patients With Stage I to IV Colon Cancer: Results of the Dutch Prospective Colorectal Cancer Cohort.

Background: Colon cancer affects a patient's ability to work. Many patients who have colon cancer are employed at the time of diagnosis.

Objective: We evaluated work ability during the first 2 years after colon cancer diagnosis.

Evaluation of the performance of algorithms mapping EORTC QLQ-C30 onto the EQ-5D index in a metastatic colorectal cancer cost-effectiveness model.

Background: Cost-effectiveness models require quality of life utilities calculated from generic preference-based questionnaires, such as EQ-5D. We evaluated the performance of available algorithms for QLQ-C30 conversion into EQ-5D-3L based utilities in a metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patient population and subsequently developed a mCRC specific algorithm. Influence of mapping on cost-effectiveness was evaluated.

Comparing Strategies for Modeling Competing Risks in Discrete-Event Simulations: A Simulation Study and Illustration in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Different strategies toward implementing competing risks in discrete-event simulation (DES) models are available. This study aims to provide recommendations regarding modeling approaches that can be defined based on these strategies by performing a quantitative comparison of alternative modeling approaches.

Methods: Four modeling approaches were defined: 1) event-specific distribution (ESD), 2) event-specific probability and distribution (ESPD), 3) unimodal joint distribution and regression model (UDR), and 4) multimodal joint distribution and regression model (MDR).

Matching the model with the evidence: comparing discrete event simulation and state-transition modeling for time-to-event predictions in a cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Individual patient data, e.g. from clinical trials, often need to be extrapolated or combined with additional evidence when assessing long-term impact in cost-effectiveness modeling studies.

The etiology and outcome of non-traumatic coma in critical care: a systematic review.

Background: Non-traumatic coma (NTC) is a serious condition requiring swift medical or surgical decision making upon arrival at the emergency department. Knowledge of the most frequent etiologies of NTC and associated mortality might improve the management of these patients. Here, we present the results of a systematic literature search on the etiologies and prognosis of NTC.