Early Cessation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Theophylline Toxicity: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Theophylline toxicity often results in severe neurological and cardiovascular complications and may require renal replacement therapy (RRT) in life-threatening situations. However, guidance on when it is safe to discontinue RRT remains limited. We report the case of an 85-year-old woman who developed status epilepticus following theophylline overdose, with a peak serum level of 119.

Proportion and clinical characteristics of patients who received prehospital airway or respiratory management by physicians aboard helicopters in Japan: a nationwide descriptive analysis.

Purpose: Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) provide rapid prehospital care for patients with severe trauma and acute medical conditions. Airway management (including tracheal intubation, placement of supraglottic airway [SGA] device, cricothyrotomy, and bag-valve-mask [BVM] ventilation) and respiratory management (including mechanical ventilation and thoracostomy) are critical strategies used in prehospital settings. Although data on airway or respiratory management in patients who were treated by HEMS teams that are staffed by physicians in Japan are limited, this study aimed to describe the proportion and clinical characteristics of such patients using a nationwide registry.

Strategies to Maximize the Benefits of Evidence-Based Enteral Nutrition: A Narrative Review.

Enteral nutrition (EN) has been reported to have some physiological importance for critically ill patients. However, the advantage of EN over parenteral nutrition remains controversial in recent paradigms. To maximize the benefits and efficiency of EN, implementing measures based on comprehensive evidence is essential.

Enhancing Reporting Quality Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2020 in Systematic Reviews of Emergency Medicine Journals: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) with thorough reporting and rigorous methodology lead to less biased outcomes. The Priority Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was developed to enhance SRs and meta-analysis reporting. While it was updated to PRISMA 2020, the impact on emergency medicine remains unexplored.

A Protocol for the Synthesis of Organophosphorus(V) Compounds with P-N and P-O Bonds by Umpolung Strategy Using Hydroxymethylphosphine Sulfides.

Versatile P-N and P-O bond-forming reactions by an umpolung approach using air- and moisture-stable hydroxymethylphosphine sulfides were developed. Phosphine sulfides containing multiple hydroxymethyl groups could undergo sequential transformations combining P-N and P-O as well as P-C bond formations, providing a novel protocol for the synthesis of a variety of organophosphorus(V) compounds with P-N and P-O bonds.

Segmentation window of speech information processing in the human auditory cortex.

Humans perceive continuous speech signals as discrete sequences. To clarify the temporal segmentation window of speech information processing in the human auditory cortex, the relationship between speech perception and cortical responses was investigated using auditory evoked magnetic fields (AEFs). AEFs were measured while participants heard synthetic Japanese words /atataka/.

Efficacy of Local Anesthesia for Radial Artery Puncture Pain: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to assist clinicians in determining the optimal patient-specific method of analgesia during radial artery puncture by comparing radial artery puncture procedural pain. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed the prophylactic efficacy of local anesthesia for radial artery puncture-associated pain. We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online in January 2023, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in January 2023, the Excerpta Medica Database in December 2022, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Platform Search Portal in January 2023, and ClinicalTrials.

Peripheral Nerve Blocks in the Preoperative Management of Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Study Objective: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the comparative efficacy of peripheral nerve block types for preoperative pain management of hip fractures.

Methods: We searched Cochrane, Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar for randomized clinical trials.

Changes in mandibular position during midface distraction in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in mandibular position during midface distraction. Midface distraction was performed in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis to increase upper airway volume. Although this treatment resulted in changes in occlusion, the concomitant changes in mandibular position were poorly understood.

Compression-associated injuries using CLOVER3000 device in non-survivor patients of OHCA: A retrospective cohort study.

Aim: The incidence of compression-associated injuries from using the CLOVER3000, a new mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device, is not well studied in the context of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Thus, we aimed to compare compression-associated injuries between CLOVER3000 and manual CPR.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective, cohort study used data from the medical records of a tertiary care center in Japan between April 2019 and August 2022.

Thickness Measurement at High Lift-Off for Underwater Corroded Iron-Steel Structures Using a Magnetic Sensor Probe.

Infrastructure facilities that were built approximately half a century ago have rapidly aged. Steel sheet piles, the inspection object in this study, are severely corroded, resulting in cave-in damages at wharfs. To solve such a problem, non-destructive inspection techniques are required.

Incidence of adverse events for procedural sedation and analgesia for cardioversion using thiopental in elderly patients: a multicenter prospective observational study.

Aim: The incidence and characteristics of thiopental-related adverse events (AEs) in elderly patients during procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) have not been well studied. We aimed to characterize thiopental-related AE in elderly patients during PSA and compare the incidence of AE in elderly patients with non-elderly adults.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Japanese Procedural Sedation and Analgesia Registry (JPSTAR).

A Case of Crouzon's Syndrome with a True Human Tail.

A human tail complicated by Crouzon syndrome is extremely rare, with only eight reported cases of human tails associated with Crouzon syndrome. A human tail is defined as a true human tail or a pseudo-human tail according to the presence or absence of the bone tissue. A 4-year-old boy had a true caudal sacral protrusion from birth and was also diagnosed with Crouzon syndrome.

Comparative efficacy of sedation or analgesia methods for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: We performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous sedation (IVS), intraarticular anesthetic injection (IAA), and peripheral nerve block (PNB) as sedation or analgesia methods for the reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation.

Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different sedation or analgesia methods for anterior shoulder dislocation reduction. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.

Success rate of anterior shoulder dislocation reduction by emergency physicians: a retrospective cohort study.

Aim: Emergency physicians (EPs) often treat anterior shoulder dislocation, but epidemiology of anterior shoulder dislocation in the emergency department of Japan remains unclear. In this study, we clarified the success rate of anterior shoulder reduction performed by EPs.

Methods: This single-center cohort study included patients with anterior shoulder dislocation for whom the EP performed initial reduction.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock.