Electro/photo multi-energy triggered expanded graphite/polyethylene glycol composite phase change materials for wearable thermotherapy.

In this work, we combined expanded graphite (ExG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) to fabricate composite phase change materials (CPCMs) with effective photo/electrothermal conversion and storage, potentially applied to thermotherapy. The CPCMs were studied with varying contents of PEG (60, 70, 80, and 90%), showing good leakage-proof ability at a PEG content of up to 90% and high crystallization fractions of 94.4-98.

Colorectal Cancer Characteristics and Mortality From Propensity Score-Matched Cohorts of Urban and Rural Veterans.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Rural living poses special challenges to CRC screening and management, but it is unclear whether rural/urban disparities persist within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Methods: This study used VHA data to examine characteristics and mortality among veterans with newly diagnosed CRC.

Multimodal analysis of cell-free DNA enhances differentiation of early-stage breast cancer from benign lesions and healthy individuals.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Liquid biopsy based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) offers a promising noninvasive approach for early detection; however, differentiating malignant tumors from benign abnormalities remains a significant challenge.

Results: Here, we developed a multimodal approach to analyze cfDNA methylation and fragmentomic patterns in 273 BC patients, 108 individuals with benign breast conditions, and 134 healthy controls.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in a National Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: First Results From the ANRS-MIE CARLAPOP Study.

Background: The impact of pharmacokinetic variability of cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) long-acting (LA) injectable therapy on virological outcomes remains controversial. This study aimed to characterize the variability of CAB and RPV trough concentrations (Ctrough) and to identify the predictors of suboptimal exposure and virologic failure (VF) in a large real-world cohort.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter observational study including people with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) initiating LA-CAB/RPV as maintenance therapy from January to December 2022, in whom CAB and RPV plasma Ctrough were determined as part of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Suboptimal concentrations of isavuconazole in critically ill patients treated for mold infections: a population pharmacokinetic analysis.

Background: Isavuconazole is approved for first-line treatment of aspergillosis, including COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, and as an alternative for mucormycosis. However, its use in intensive care units (ICU) is not well characterized.

Research Design And Methods: We developed a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model using 134 isavuconazole plasma concentrations retrospectively collected from 22 ICU patients over four years.

AI-Driven Deep Learning Approach for Pan-Cancer Immune Profiling.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TME) influences cancer progression and treatment. RNA-Seq has identified six immune subtypes: Wound Healing (WH, C1), IFN- Dominant (IFNG, C2), Inflammatory (INF, C3), Lymphocyte Depleted (LD, C4), Immunologically Quiet (IQ, C5), and TGF-β Dominant (TGFb, C6). This study uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify these subtypes from RNA-Seq data.

Public knowledge and attitudes towards antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in vietnam: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant public health threat. Understanding public knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic usage is essential for educational campaigns combating AMR. This study evaluates public knowledge and awareness about antibiotics and AMR in Vietnam.

Early versus late epidural analgesia in nulliparous women: Impact on labor duration and maternal-neonatal outcomes in Central Vietnam.

Objectives: The timing of epidural analgesia (EA) initiation during labor remains a topic of clinical debate, particularly regarding its impact on labor progression and maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the timing of EA administration and the duration of labor, as well as key maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 297 primiparous women with singleton term pregnancies (37-42 weeks of gestation) who received EA for labor analgesia at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Centre, Hue Central Hospital, between April 2022 and June 2024.

Effects of reactive oxygen species in follicular fluid on embryo quality in cases with endometrioma.

Objectives: To analyse levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in follicular fluid in patients with endometrioma, and determine their effect on embryo quality and other relevant influencing factors in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted from January 2022 to October 2023 at Hue Centre for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital, Vietnam. Enrolled patients undergoing IVF therapy were divided into two groups with a 1:1 ratio: the study group and the control group.

Bacillus velezensis GV1 polysaccharides enhance immune function in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice via gut microbiota modulation and metabolic pathway regulation.

In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus velezensis GV1 polysaccharides (BPS) on gut microbial regulation in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mouse model. BPS treatment significantly restored immune function, as evidenced by improvements in spleen and thymus indices and increased cytokine expression levels, including IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2. Additionally, BPS administration effectively alleviated the CTX-induced histopathological damage to the colon, enhanced tissue repair, and maintained epithelial integrity.

Photo-Cross-Linked Polyimide Dielectric for Mechanically Reliable High-Performance Flexible Metal Oxide Thin-Film Transistors.

A critical challenge in flexible high-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) is ensuring the reliability of the dielectric layer with a high-mobility semiconductor, which must maintain its insulating properties while withstanding repeated mechanical deformation. In this study, we investigate photo-cross-linkable photosensitive polyimide (PSPI), 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride-3,5-diaminobenzyl cinnamate (6FDA/DABC), as a dielectric material in oxide TFTs using zinc tin oxide or indium gallium zinc oxide as the channel materials. The photo-cross-linked PSPI dielectric exhibited a high areal capacitance of 17.

Early electronic specialist-led diabetes care improves post-discharge glycaemia: the STOIC-D Surgery follow-up cohort.

Objective: To assess the effect of an early, electronic specialist-led model of inpatient diabetes care on glycaemic outcomes following discharge and rates of treatment intensification.

Methods: The STOIC-D trial has demonstrated early, electronic specialist-led care by an inpatient diabetes service reduces inpatient hyperglycaemia. This follow-up study assessed glycaemic outcomes following discharge in a subgroup of 360 STOIC-D trial patients with admission HbA1c ≥ 7% and alive 1 year following hospitalisation.

Comparative diagnostic performance of the early-stage ovarian malignancy score versus other risk prediction models in early-stage ovarian cancer: A Vietnamese prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study compares the diagnostic performance of the early-stage ovarian malignancy (EOM) score against other risk prediction models for identifying early-stage ovarian cancer.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 925 cases from the obstetrics and gynecology departments of two tertiary hospitals from May 2018 to December 2023. The data included gynecologic examination and/or ultrasound findings, menopausal status, ultrasonography features, serum CA125, and HE4 values, which were used to calculate the EOM score and compare it with other algorithms.

SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance in southern Vietnam (2020-2023): Tracking variant evolution and public health impact in a limited-resource setting.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need for genomic surveillance to monitor viral evolution and guide public health responses, especially in limited-resource settings. This study describes the establishment and implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance system by Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City (PIHCM), covering 20 provinces in southern Vietnam from January 2020 to June 2023. Nasopharyngeal swabs were systematically collected, screened by RT-PCR (Ct < 28), and sequenced using adaptable Next-Generation Sequencing technologies, including Illumina MiSeq and later Oxford Nanopore MinION, supported by international training and resources.

Evaluating YOLO for dental caries diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Recent advancements in the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm show promise for dental caries diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of different YOLO versions using photographic and radiographic images for caries detection.

Methods: We searched PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies up to December 12, 2024.

Design and implementation of three-phases energy storage system using DSP F28379D for laboratory research.

This paper presents the hardware design for a three-phases energy storage system connected to the grid through a safe isolation transformer, suitable for use in university laboratory experiments. The power hardware configuration includes a bidirectional DC/DC buck-boost converter and a bidirectional 3-phase 6-switch DC/AC converter. Additionally, the control board uses the Texas Instruments DSP F28379D with a charging-discharging control program written in C programming language and compiled with Code Composer Studio (CCS v12).

Ameliorative role of Polyscias fruticosa leaf extract in aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity flies possibly mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonistic and anticholinesterase active compounds.

Polyscias fruticosa leaves have been used in traditional medicine to aid in the therapy of brain and nerve-related disorders, including dementia. However, the evidences for the effects and mechanisms of P. fruticosa leaf extract (PFLE) and its constituents in improving dementia remain unclear.

Insufficient cerebrospinal fluid penetration of tedizolid: a case report.

Purpose: Tedizolid, a novel oxazolidinone developed for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections, exhibits a longer half-life than linezolid, with reduced myelosuppression and neurotoxicity. However, its penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains poorly characterized. Our case report evaluated the CSF penetration of tedizolid.

Diet of Critically Endangered Black-Eyed Bent-Toed Gecko, , Nguyen, Orlov & Darevsky, 2006 From Vietnam.

The Black-eyed Bent-toed Gecko, , a species endemic to Ba Den Mountain Cultural and Historical Complex, Tay Ninh Province, Vietnam, has been classified as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List since 2018. However, knowledge of its natural history is virtually non-existent. To fill this gap, the diet of the gecko was studied by stomach flushing.

Extracellular Vesicles Administered via Intrathecal Injection Mediate Safe Delivery of Nucleic Acids to the Central Nervous System for Gene Therapy.

Gene therapy holds great potential for treating neurological disorders, but its implementation is limited by the challenge of developing a safe and effective delivery method to the central nervous system (CNS). Red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles (RBCEVs) have the potential to address these challenges due to their non-immunogenicity, non-cytotoxicity, ability to be redosed, and suitability for nucleic acid loading. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy and safety of RBCEV-mediated nucleic acid delivery to the CNS.

Umbilical cord coiling index in predicting neonatal outcomes: a single-center cross-sectional study from Vietnam.

Background: Abnormal umbilical coiling (AUC) is one of the common occurrences of umbilical cord abnormalities leading to poor neonatal outcomes.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between antenatal umbilical coiling index (aUCI) and perinatal outcomes as well as the risk factors relating to AUC.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2022 and June 2024 at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam.

Recent advances in tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors: a 2023-2024 patent landscape review.

Introduction: The rise of tissue-agnostic therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, with therapies targeting fusions leading the way. TRK inhibitors like larotrectinib and entrectinib marked a paradigm shift - prioritizing molecular alterations over the tumor's anatomical location. Acquired resistance remains a significant challenge, with next-generation inhibitors and combination strategies at the forefront of efforts to enhance the clinical efficacy of TRK-targeted therapies.

Extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus gasseri GFC-1220 alleviate inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.

Studies on the impact of gram-positive extracellular vesicles have paved the way for novel medical advancements. These vesicles serve as efficient carriers of microbial molecules to target cells, thereby influencing human pathophysiological processes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus gasseri GFC-1220 (LEVs) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.

Outcomes of 3-Dimensional Total Endoscopic Surgery for Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect in Children: A Single-Center Experience in Vietnam.

Objective: To assess the midterm outcomes and feasibility of using 3-dimensional total endoscopic surgery (3D TES) for complete correction of partial atrioventricular septal defect (PAVSD) in children.

Methods: A descriptive study from January 2018 to June 2024 involved 20 patients with PAVSD who underwent surgical repair using 3D TES. The average patient age and average weight were 9.