Footprints of Worldwide Adaptation in Structured Populations of Drosophila melanogaster Through the Expanded DEST 2.0 Genomic Resource.

Large-scale genomic resources can place genetic variation into an ecologically informed context. To advance our understanding of the population genetics of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, we present an expanded release of the community-generated population genomics resource Drosophila Evolution over Space and Time (DEST 2.0; https://dest.

Ketamine Versus Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Depression: A Guide for Clinicians.

The effective treatment of major depressive disorder remains one of the biggest public health challenges globally. For moderate to severe cases, pharmacotherapy often falls short, leading to treatment-resistant depression. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has generally been considered the gold standard for severe cases of treatment-resistant depression.

Does BMI matter when treating depression with esketamine? A retrospective analysis of real-world data.

Objective: Intranasal (IN) esketamine was approved as a therapy for treatment-resistant depression in March 2019. There continues to be interest in the field to better understand factors associated with response to treatment. The aim of the current study is to assess the association between BMI and response to esketamine.

Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine/Esketamine in Bipolar Depression in a Clinical Setting.

Bipolar disorder represents a significant source of morbidity and elevated mortality risk. Ketamine has emerged as a powerful antidepressant; however, there have been few trials of ketamine in bipolar depression and no trials with esketamine in bipolar depression, and few data exist from real-world settings. Here, we report outcomes from a cohort of patients with bipolar depression treated with ketamine/ esketamine in a real-world setting.

Blood pressure changes during ketamine infusion for the treatment of depression.

Objective: This study aimed to examine blood pressure changes during ketamine infusion for depression and exploring the factors associated with these changes.

Method: This study is a retrospective chart-review of patients with depression undergoing ketamine infusion at Yale Psychiatry Hospital during a 7-year period. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded every 10 min during the infusion.

Causes and consequences of quack medicine in health care: a scoping review of global experience.

Background: The field of health has been facing challenges with fraudulent practices and the prevalence of "quack medicine". Many cases have given rise to this issue. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate and categorize the causes and consequences of quack medicine in the healthcare.

Loneliness in the presence of others: A mixed-method study of social networks of caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders.

Background: One in four families has at least one member with a mental disorder and families are the main caregivers in most patients in low and middle-income countries. Caregivers experience disruption in their routine lives, increased responsibilities, increased need for support, and changes in their network. The role of personal support networks in the health and burden of the caregivers is complex and depends on the context, cultural and socioeconomical variables.

Public health risks associated with methadone in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There has been a marked growth in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Iran in the past two decades with positive health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of studies on the prevalence of non-prescribed methadone use, methadone use disorder, and methadone-related poisoning and mortality in Iran.

Methods: We searched International and Iranian databases up to May 2020 and contacted relevant experts.

Buprenorphine abuse and health risks in Iran: A systematic review.

Introduction: Buprenorphine maintenance treatment (BMT) is widely used in Iran, and its use is growing continuously. We reviewed studies on buprenorphine use, non-prescribed use, use disorder and treatment-seeking for it, buprenorphine-associated poisoning, and mortality in Iran in the current systematic review.

Methods: An Iranian database (Scientific Information Database; SID) and three International electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for publications up to August 2020 for the relevant data.

Viral metagenomic analysis of fecal samples reveals an enteric virome signature in irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Changes in the enteric microbiota have been suggested to contribute to gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome. Most of the published work is on bacterial dysbiosis with meager data on the role of the virome in irritable bowel syndrome and other gastrointestinal diseases. In the current study, we therefore aimed to investigate the viral community composition of the gut and test for potential dysbiosis linked to irritable bowel syndrome.

Plio-Pleistocene diversification and biogeographic barriers in southern Australia reflected in the phylogeography of a widespread and common lizard species.

Palaeoclimatic events and biogeographical processes since the mid-Tertiary have played an important role in shaping the evolution and distribution of Australian fauna. However, their impacts on fauna in southern and arid zone regions of Australia are not well understood. Here we investigate the phylogeography of an Australian scincid lizard, Tiliqua rugosa, across southern Australia using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and 11 nuclear DNA markers (nuDNA), including nine anonymous nuclear loci.

Comparison of structural connectivity in Parkinson's disease with depressive symptoms versus non-depressed: a diffusion MRI connectometry study.

Unlabelled: ABSTRACTObjective:Research on psychobiological markers of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains a hot topic. Non-motor symptoms such as depression and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) each attribute to a particular neurodegenerative cluster in PD, and might enlighten the way for early prediction/detection of PD. The neuropathology of mood disturbances remains unclear.

Differences in white matter microstructure between Parkinson's disease patients with and without REM sleep behavior disorder.

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by increased muscle tone and violent limb movements and usually occurs during the early stages of Parkinson disease (PD). PD patients with RBD represent faster motor progression and cognitive dysfunction. We used diffusion imaging to assess which regions are involved in this phenomenon.

Brain pathway differences between Parkinson's disease patients with and without REM sleep behavior disorder.

Purpose: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by increased muscle tone and violent limb movements and is a usual symptom of the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients with RBD represent faster motor and cognitive dysfunction progression. However, there are limited studies on possible structural brain changes underpinning this disorder.

Provincial health accounts in Kerman, Iran: an evidence of a "mixed" healthcare financing system.

Background: Provincial Health Accounts (PHA) as a subset of National Health Accounts (NHA) present financial information for health sectors. It leads to a logical decision making for policy-makers in order to achieve health system goals, especially Fair Financial Contribution (FFC). This study aimed to examine Health Accounts in Kerman Province.