Growth inhibition of harmful cyanobacterium Microcystis by picocyanobacterium Cyanobium: transcriptome-based interaction analysis.

The occurrence and collapse of cyanobacterial blooms, particularly those caused by Microcystis, are influenced by interactions with a variety of microorganisms. Recent studies have revealed that Microcystis is affected not only by heterotrophic bacteria but also by interactions with picocyanobacteria. This study investigated how and under what conditions the picocyanobacterium Cyanobium impacts Microcystis growth, suggesting potential mechanisms of these interactions based on transcriptome analysis.

Optimization of a protocol for the high-yield isolation of active muscle stem cells from bovine skeletal muscle tissue.

Beef is primarily made up of skeletal muscle tissue. Therefore, the cultivation of bovine muscle stem cells (MSCs) to provide a consistent supply of muscle cells would enhance the sustainability of the cultured beef industry. Here, we report a high-yield, simple, economic, and convenient protocol for the isolation of active MSCs from bovine skeletal muscle tissue.

Ferrovibrio plantarum sp. nov., Isolated from the Co-culture of Myriophyllum spicatum (Water Milfoil) and Microcystis aeruginosa.

A rod-shaped, aerobic, and Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain, MS7, was isolated from a co-culture solution containing Myriophyllum spicatum and Microcystis aeruginosa. Through the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene analysis, strain MS7 was related to Ferrovibrio xuzhouensis LM-6 (97.64%, sequence similarity), Ferrovibrio denitrificans S3 (97.

Recent HIV infections and associated risk factors among newly diagnosed individuals in South Korea (2016-2023).

Determining the annual proportion of individuals newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection acquired within the preceding 130 days is essential to inform targeted prevention strategies. We assessed populations at increased risk of HIV infection and identified those with delayed diagnosis by analyzing the proportion of recent infections among newly diagnosed individuals. HIV-antibody avidity assays were performed to distinguish recent from longstanding infections among newly diagnosed cases during 2016-2023.

HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations in ART-Naïve Individuals in South Korea from 2021 to 2024.

In this study, we investigated the proportion of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) mutations and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes among 487 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve individuals in South Korea from 2021 to 2024 to inform more effective treatment strategies. Consistent with previous reports, subtype B was most prevalent among HIV-1 subtypes at 50.7%; however, its proportion decreased annually ( = 0.

Unravelling the interplay: brain regional atrophy and neuropsychological function in early Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: The structural changes in the brain differ between normal aging and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). The results of cognitive function tests reflect structural changes in the brain in AD. This study aimed to determine the specific relationship between regional brain volume and neuropsychological subtest scores.

Radiological safety assessment of monazite industry worker due to NORM inhalation.

Monazite is used as a raw material for the production of rare earth elements. The workers in the monazite industry are exposed to radiation from the raw material. Therefore, internal radiation dose should be assessed for radiological safety assessment of the workers.

Analysis of Preventive Effect of Bisphosphonate for Osteoporotic Fracture in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Patient Mortality.

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the older adult population and is often associated with reduced physical activity. Reduced activity and mechanical loading subsequently reduce bone mineral density and increase risk of osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates (BPs) offer preventative effects on osteoporotic fractures in the general population, but their effects on patients with AD are less known.

Association of Total Flight Hours and Health Conditions with Sick Leave Use Among Civilian Pilots.

Introduction: In-flight medical incapacitation jeopardizes flight safety. To reduce such breakdown episodes, airlines have implemented a sick leave system. This study aimed to examine the association of total flight hours and health status with sick leave use among civilian pilots in South Korea and to identify the demand for a health promotion program.

ETV2/ER71 regulates hematovascular lineage generation and vascularization through an H3K9 demethylase, KDM4A.

ETV2/ER71, an ETS (E-twenty six) transcription factor, is critical for hematopoiesis and vascular development. However, research about the molecular mechanisms behind ETV2-mediated gene transcription is limited. Herein, we demonstrate that ETV2 and KDM4A, an H3K9 demethylase, regulate hematopoietic and endothelial genes.

Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 is broadly expressed in the different pluripotent states of human pluripotent stem cells and regulates the expression of pluripotency genes and three germ layer markers.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have at least three distinct states: naïve pluripotency that represents the cellular states of the pre-implantation epiblast cells, primed pluripotency that represents the cellular states of the post-implantation epiblast cells, and formative pluripotency that represents a developmental continuum between naïve and primed pluripotency. Various cell surface markers have been used to define and analyze primed and naïve hPSCs within heterogeneous populations. However, not much is known about common cell surface markers for the different pluripotent states of hPSCs.

Clinical and Imaging Features of a Focal Intrahepatic Biliary Stricture Visualized Only as Duct Dilatation.

Purpose: We assessed the proportion of patients with a focal intrahepatic stricture (FIHS) that was a precursor lesion or malignancy and visualized only as a duct dilatation.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study assessed patients who underwent surgery or biopsy for an FIHS on CT or MRI between January 2010 and March 2022. The number and proportion of non-precursor benign lesions, precursors, and malignancies were calculated.

Visible-Light-Stimulated Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Transistor Based on Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide via BiTe Light Absorption Layer.

To emulate a visual perception system, a bismuth telluride (BiTe)/indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) heterostructure is introduced for optoelectronic neuromorphic transistors (ONTs). Amorphous IGZO is applied as a channel layer to exhibit low off-current, high mobility, and persistent photoconductivity, enabling light-stimulated neuromorphic characteristics. The atomic ratio of In/Ga/Zn was 9.

Roseateles microcysteis sp. nov., Isolated from Co-cultivation of Microcystis aeruginosa and Myriophyllum spicatum.

A novel rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain MS17 was obtained from a co-culture of Microcystis aeruginosa and Myriophyllum spicatum. The examination of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence showed a significant degree of similarity between strain MS17 and Paucibacter sediminis S2-9 (98.4%), Roseateles violae PFR6 (98.

Angular selective broadband radiative cooling based on Berreman mode.

Conventional radiative coolers (RCs) exhibit excellent cooling performance in horizontally-installed scenarios but are mainly limited to roofing materials due to their emitting direction. To increase the availability of RC application on the area of a building facade, this article proposes an oblique radiation-angled photonic structure (ORAPS). ORAPS can facilitate thermal emission toward the outer space, evade the adjacent building, and reflect incoming radiative heat in a direction perpendicular to the panel.

Near-Ideal Copper Oxide Heterostructure Design for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

In recent years, photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation through water splitting has gained significant attention as a carbon-free solar-to-energy conversion strategy. Among various materials, copper oxides, specifically cupric oxide (CuO) and cuprous oxide (CuO), have been extensively investigated for their suitable band positions and prominent performance, particularly in heterostructures. However, previously reported heterostructures, such as CuO layers on CuO, are not ideal configurations in terms of photoelectrical properties.

Biotechnological approaches for suppressing Microcystis blooms: insights and challenges.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms, particularly those dominated by Microcystis, pose significant ecological and health risks worldwide. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in biotechnological approaches for mitigating Microcystis blooms, focusing on cyanobactericidal bacteria, fungi, eukaryotic microalgae, zooplankton, aquatic plants, and cyanophages. Recently, promising results have been obtained using cyanobactericidal bacteria: not through the inoculation of cultured bacteria, but rather by nurturing those already present in the periphyton or biofilms of aquatic plants.

A seamless auxetic substrate with a negative Poisson's ratio of -1.

Auxetic metamaterials are a unique class of materials or structures with a negative Poisson's ratio and a wide array of functionalities. However, their inherent porosity presents challenges in practical applications. Filling the inherent perforations while preserving their unique auxeticity is difficult because it demands the seamless integration of components that have highly distinct mechanical characteristics.

Enhanced Electrical Properties and Stability in IGZO TFTs via Low-Temperature Activation with MgO Layer.

We propose the introduction of a magnesium oxide (MgO) layer to reduce the temperature required for the activation of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin films. By incorporating the MgO layer between the IGZO channel layer and the gate insulator layer, the required activation temperature is lowered from 300 to 200 °C while enhancing the electrical performance of the IGZO thin-film transistor (TFT). Specifically, the field effect mobility is improved from 6.

sp. nov., isolated from fresh water.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, short rod-shaped bacterial strain, HBC34, was isolated from a freshwater sample collected from Daechung Reservoir, Republic of Korea. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that HBC34 was affiliated with the genus and shared the highest sequence similarity to the type strains of (98.01 %), (97.

Stem Cell-Based Approaches in Parkinson's Disease Research.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor symptoms. While current treatments provide limited relief, they don't alter disease progression. Stem cell technology, involving patient-specific stem cell-derived neurons, offers a promising avenue for research and personalized regenerative therapies.

Precision Medicine in Parkinson's Disease Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most devastating neurological diseases; however, there is no effective cure yet. The availability of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides unprecedented opportunities to understand the pathogenic mechanism and identification of new therapy for PD. Here a new model system of PD, including 2D human iPSC-derived midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons, 3D iPSC-derived midbrain organoids (MOs) with cellular complexity, and more advanced microphysiological systems (MPS) with 3D organoids, is introduced.