Prospective Observational Study on Perioperative Dysgeusia and Trace Metal Elements in Patients Undergoing Pancreatoduodenectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the nature of perioperative dysgeusia and its associated factors in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Background: Perioperative dysgeusia is an unfavorable symptom associated with malnutrition.

Methods: The Taste Alteration Survey and Trace Elements in patients undergoing PD (TASTE-PD) study was a single-center prospective observational study performed between April 2021 and September 2022.

Stratification of G2 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors using a Ten Percent Ki-67 index cut-off based on clinicopathological and molecular analyses.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) often have low malignancy, but some develop distant metastasis or recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic utility of a Ki-67 index 10% cut-off using clinicopathological and multiomics analyses. Eighty-seven resected PanNETs were classified as G1, G2-low, G2-high, and G3 according to the World Health Organization classification, incorporating a 10% Ki-67 threshold.

Reversible Photocyclization of Imidazoleisoindole-Based Stilbene Derivative Apparently over NonTriene Form.

Diarylethene is one of the most extensively studied photochromic compounds due to its remarkable properties. Recently, nitrogen-based diarylethenes (DAEs) have been reported to exhibit unusual photochromic behavior. In this study, we synthesized an imidazoleisoindole-based stilbene analogue, which involves a neutral C═C─C═C─C─N framework, along with a C═C─C═C─C═N form as a minor mesomeric form.

Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Series of 100 Consecutive Cases from an Expert Center in Japan.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, because it remains controversial owing to high morbidity and mortality, as well as uncertain oncological benefits.

Methods: Patients who underwent HPD between 2003 and 2020 were reviewed. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared with those of patients who underwent hepatectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection (HT-B) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Pathological Complete Response after Pembrolizumab Treatment for Unresectable Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma with High Microsatellite Instability: A Case Report.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab has been introduced to solid cancers with microsatellite instability (MSI)-high cases; however, its clinical experience for cholangiocarcinoma remains very limited. Here, we present a case who successfully underwent conversion surgery following pembrolizumab treatment for MSI-high perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, which pathologically exhibited complete response.

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old male with Bismuth IV perihilar cholangiocarcinoma with bulky lymphadenopathy was referred, who initially required left hepatic trisectionectomy, caudate lobectomy, bile duct resection, and portal vein resection and reconstruction (H123458-B-PV).

Successful Conversion Surgery for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (panNEC) is a poorly differentiated, highly malignant neoplasm with an extremely poor prognosis. This tumor often presents as locally advanced or unresectable at the initial diagnosis.

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old woman presented to our hospital with weight loss.

A Luminescent Stable Triarylmethyl Diradical with an Axially Chiral Spacer.

Two units of a highly stable luminescent triarylmethyl radical (PyBTM) were bridged using a chiral octahydrobinaphthyl moiety, resulting in a diradical with sufficient stability to enable the measurement of its chiroptical properties. To synthesize this diradical, a novel boronic ester radical precursor, αH-PyBTM-B(Epin), was designed. The use of this precursor significantly improved the yield and streamlined the preparation of stable luminescent radical-substituted molecules.

Phase I trial on the safety of olprinone for low central venous pressure management aimed at haemorrhage control during open and laparoscopic hepatectomy: a study protocol.

Introduction: Hepatectomy is the primary treatment for malignant liver tumours. It is crucial to control bleeding during liver parenchymal transection. Methods to reduce central venous pressure (CVP), such as fluid restriction and the use of vasodilators, are essential for minimising bleeding but can lead to haemodynamic instability.

The role of surgical approach in recovery from extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: hemihepatectomy vs. pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: This study compared short- and mid-term outcomes of hemihepatectomy (HH) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, focusing on surgical outcomes, body composition, and nutritional status.

Method: A retrospective review was conducted to assess short-term outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, complications, and mortality. Body composition and nutritional parameters were analyzed preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively.

Reappraisal of carcinoma in situ residue at the bile duct margin: a single-center review of 681 patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: A histologically involved surgical margin (R1) is often observed after resection for cholangiocarcinoma. Compared with a negative margin (R0), R1 with invasive carcinoma (R1inv) markedly worsens survival, whereas the prognostic effect of R1 with carcinoma in situ (R1cis) remains controversial.

Methods: Patients who underwent resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma between 2002 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical significance of resection and adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with occult para-aortic lymph node metastasis.

Background: This study aimed to determine the clinical significance of resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosed with occult para-aortic lymph node metastasis using intraoperative para-aortic lymph node sampling.

Methods: Between January 2005 and May 2021, a total of 606 patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with intraoperative para-aortic lymph node sampling were retrospectively investigated and divided into the resected para-aortic lymph node-negative (n = 543), resected para-aortic lymph node-positive (n = 44), and unresected para-aortic lymph node-positive (n = 19) groups. Overall survival, clinicopathologic characteristics, and prognostic factors were analyzed.

Predictive factors of actual 5-y recurrence-free survival after upfront surgery for resectable pancreatic cancer: Exploration of patients who did not require neoadjuvant treatment.

Aim: The present study investigated the prognostic factors associated with actual 5-y recurrence-free survival (RFS) after upfront surgery for resectable pancreatic cancer (R-PC) in patients who were deemed not to require neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2016, 316 patients who underwent pancreatectomy for radiologically R-PC were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the predictors of actual 5-y RFS. Predictors were identified using logistic regression analysis of preoperative evaluable factors.

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of Diarylethene-Subporphyrinoid Hybrids.

Two novel diarylethene-fused subporphyrinoids were prepared and characterized. A mono diarylethene derivative was obtained via a statistical condensation reaction with 2 eq. of 1,2-dicyanobenzene and 1 eq.

Clinical Implications of the Degree of Pancreatic Invasion in Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma.

Background: Ampulla of Vater carcinoma (AVC) stage T3 was subdivided according to the degree of pancreatic invasion into T3a (≤ 0.5 cm) and T3b (> 0.5 cm) by the 8th edition of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC)/American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system.

Subdivision of pT1N0 (American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition) distal cholangiocarcinoma for adjuvant chemotherapy consideration.

Background: The adjuvant S-1 trial affirmed adjuvant chemotherapy for biliary tract cancer but excluded pT1N0 distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) according to the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification. The introduction of tumor depth of invasion (DOI) for T-classification in the eighth edition complicates identifying DCC patients less likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: Our cohort consisted of 185 patients with DCC who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2002 and 2019.

Positive impact of laparoscopic hepatectomy versus open hepatectomy on body size-corrected bleeding in obese patients.

Purpose: Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) is reported to cause less bleeding than open hepatectomy (OH) in obese patients; however, there are no reports addressing this issue in terms of body size-corrected bleeding.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 31 obese and 149 non-obese patients who underwent LH and 32 obese and 245 non-obese patients who underwent OH. Bleeding corrected for body surface area (C-BL) was compared between the obese and non-obese patients who underwent each procedure.

Clinical Significance of Primary Tumor Resection in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma with Positive Peritoneal Lavage Cytology.

Background: The prognostic impact of positive peritoneal lavage cytology (CY+) in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) remains unclear. The present study investigated the clinical significance of primary tumor resection of CY+ PHC.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 282 patients who underwent surgery for PHC between September 2002 and March 2022.

Predictive score for identifying intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients without lymph node metastasis: a basis for omitting lymph node dissection.

Background: This study aimed to develop a predictive score for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in patients without lymph node metastasis (LNM) using preoperative factors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 113 ICC patients who underwent liver resection with systemic lymph node dissection between 2002 and 2021 was conducted. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used as a predictive scoring system for node-negative patients based on the β coefficients of preoperatively available factors.