Barriers and facilitators to managing medicines at home post-myocardial infarction: a qualitative systematic review.

Background: Over three million people annually experience myocardial infarction (MI). As MI survival rates increase, so does the importance of secondary prevention medications. International guidelines recommend using several medications to prevent further morbidity.

Assessing Readiness for Change: A Baseline Situational Analysis of Breastfeeding Support Within Acute and Community Healthcare Settings in the Republic of Ireland.

Breastfeeding is a critical component of maternal and child health, but breastfeeding rates vary widely, with Ireland's rates lowest in Europe. This paper, the first stage of the Practice Enhancement for Exclusive Breastfeeding (PEEB) study, describes the methodology and key findings from a multi-component baseline situational analysis of breastfeeding support conducted in acute and community healthcare settings in Ireland. Guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework, a survey of healthcare professionals (n = 85) examined breastfeeding training, competency and attitude towards practice change.

BDSF Analogues Inhibit Quorum Sensing-Regulated Biofilm Production in .

is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for many plant diseases. The bacterium is the causal agent of Pierce's disease in grapes and is also responsible for citrus variegated chlorosis, peach phony disease, olive quick decline syndrome and leaf scorches of various species. The production of biofilm is intrinsically linked with persistence and transmission in .

A Scoping Review of Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Deployment in Global Healthcare Systems.

: COVID-19 vaccines were rapidly developed and deployed on a large scale during a global crisis. A range of deployment strategies were used globally to maximize vaccine uptake. In this scoping review, we identify and analyze the main healthcare system and policy factors that guided and influenced COVID-19 vaccination deployment and uptake globally.

Hospitalisation and adverse drug events in a geriatric oncology setting: A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Geriatric Oncology is a specialty where a multidisciplinary approach can address the unmet needs of older adults with cancer. Older adults are at increased risk of adverse drug events (ADE) due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, increasing treatment complexity, and medication burden.

Objectives: To review the literature to determine the incidence of unplanned hospitalisation due to ADE for all medications, both systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) and non-SACT medications.

Ageing-related considerations for medication used in supportive care in cancer.

Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies have shown that a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) prior to a patient commencing systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT) results in improved quality of life outcomes and is associated with a decreased risk of grade 3-5 toxicity; however, data are lacking in relation to adverse drug events (ADE) associated with supportive care medications. Supportive care medications are prescribed as prophylactic agents in a SACT regimen, for management of treatment related toxicity and for symptoms caused by the disease itself. While necessary, the commencement of SACT and supportive medications may cause, or exacerbate, a significant drug burden in older patients, some of whom may have existing comorbidities.

Midwives', obstetricians', and nurses' perspectives of humanised care during pregnancy and childbirth for women classified as high risk in high income countries: A mixed methods systematic review.

Women classified as 'high risk' or 'complicated' in pregnancy and childbirth have increased difficulty in accessing humanised care/humanisation in childbirth due to perceptions that this approach rejects the use of intervention and/or technology. Humanised care recognises the psychological and physical needs of women in pregnancy and birth. A mixed methods systematic review using a convergent segregated approach was undertaken using the Joanne Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology.

Synthesis and evaluation of aromatic BDSF bioisosteres on biofilm formation and colistin sensitivity in pathogenic bacteria.

The diffusible signal factor family (DSF) of molecules play an important role in regulating intercellular communication, or quorum sensing, in several disease-causing bacteria. These messenger molecules, which are comprised of cis-unsaturated fatty acids, are involved in the regulation of biofilm formation, antibiotic tolerance, virulence and the control of bacterial resistance. We have previously demonstrated how olefinic N-acyl sulfonamide bioisosteric analogues of diffusible signal factor can reduce biofilm formation or enhance antibiotic sensitivity in a number of bacterial strains.

Comprehensive pharmacological geriatric assessment compared to usual care in an older adult with cancer in the absence of polypharmacy.

Introduction: Medication reconciliation as part of a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment by a specialist pharmacist is a process that has been shown to be beneficial in terms of medication adherence in patients taking oral anticancer medication and potentially cost-effective in cancer patients. Medication review guidelines in older adults with cancer suggest using polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications) as an indication for medication review in older adults with cancer.

Case Report: We present a case where a medication review as part of a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in the absence of polypharmacy resulted in two pharmacist interventions when standard care resulted in no intervention.

Hospitalization due to adverse drug events in older adults with cancer: A retrospective analysis.

Introduction: Geriatric oncology is a rapidly evolving field of practice, where comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGA) and multidisciplinary team (MDT) input have the potential to improve patient outcomes. Polypharmacy and potential drug interactions (PDI) have been associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes in older adults with cancer, receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT). Our aim was to assess the incidence of unplanned hospitalization in older adults with cancer attending medical oncology outpatient clinics and to determine whether an unplanned hospitalization was potentially due to an adverse drug event (ADE).

Implementation and evaluation of STOPP/START criteria to address polypharmacy in older adults in an inpatient psychiatric setting.

Background: There is a scarcity of research in applying the Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions/Screening Tool to Alert to Right Treatment (STOPP/START) criteria to older adults admitted to a psychiatric hospital.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to determine the extent of polypharmacy in older adults admitted to a psychiatric hospital and to assess the number of STOPP/START triggers detected and recommended by pharmacists. Secondary objectives include evaluating if the STOPP/START criteria is a useful tool to improve prescribing in this setting by assessing the implementation rates of STOPP/START triggers.

Breastfeeding skills training for health care professionals: A systematic review.

Background: Breastfeeding is a public health issue and the response to the low rates in the Global North needs to be multi-faceted. Within this context healthcare professionals have an important role to play in the overall multi-dimensional promotion and support of breastfeeding. As a learned skill, there is a fundamental need to improve breastfeeding skills amongst healthcare professionals.

A systematic review of interventions to recognise, refer and diagnose patients with lung cancer symptoms.

Patients with lung cancer (LC) often experience delay between symptom onset and treatment. Primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) can help facilitate early diagnosis of LC through recognising early signs and symptoms and making appropriate referrals. This systematic review describes the effect of interventions aimed at helping HCPs recognise and refer individuals with symptoms suggestive of LC.

Synthesis and evaluation of novel furanones as biofilm inhibitors in opportunistic human pathogens.

Diseases caused by biofilm-forming pathogens are becoming increasingly prevalent and represent a major threat to human health. This trend has prompted a search for novel inhibitors of microbial biofilms which could, for example, be used to potentiate existing antibiotics. Naturally-occurring, halogenated furanones isolated from marine algae have proven to be effective biofilm inhibitors in several bacterial species.

Referring patients with suspected lung cancer: a qualitative study with primary healthcare professionals in Ireland.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Most cases are diagnosed late. Primary healthcare professionals are often the first point of contact for symptoms of concern.

Primary healthcare professionals' perspectives on patient help-seeking for lung cancer warning signs and symptoms: a qualitative study.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Prompt patient help-seeking for signs and symptoms suggestive of lung cancer is crucial for early referral, diagnosis, and survivorship. However, individuals with potential lung cancer symptoms tend to delay help-seeking.

Referring high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening: A systematic review of interventions with healthcare professionals.

Objective: This systematic review described the effect of interventions aimed at helping Healthcare Professionals refer high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening. Primary outcomes included: lung cancer detection, screening for lung cancer, lung cancer treatments received and lung cancer mortality. Healthcare professionals' knowledge and awareness of lung cancer screening served as secondary outcomes.