A survey of eating styles in eight countries: Examining restrained, emotional, intuitive eating and their correlates.

Introduction: Restrained, emotional and intuitive eating were examined in relation to each other and as correlates of participants' weight status, body image and self-esteem. In some past research, restrained and emotional eating have been associated with higher weight status and poorer mental health, while intuitive eating is more frequently linked to lower weight status and more positive well-being. However, these eating styles have rarely been examined together and never in a large cross-country sample.

Testing of a model for risk factors for eating disorders and higher weight among emerging adults: Baseline evaluation.

Although a range of risk factors have been identified for disordered eating and weight status, the breadth of risk factors have been rarely considered within a single, comprehensive model. The robustness of these findings across countries also remains an open question. The present study sampled 6272 participants aged 18-30 years from eight countries in an attempt to evaluate combined and unique predictors for these two conditions, and to explore possible cross-country differences in these models.

Physical activity participation is associated with higher quality of life scores in men with alcohol use disorders: a study from Uganda.

Background: There is a growing recognition of the importance of encouraging people with alcohol use disorders (AUD) to become more active as an achievable strategy to reduce the disability-associated burden.

Objective: We investigated whether physical activity and sedentary behaviour in men with AUD contribute to their quality of life (QoL).

Methods: Fifty male Ugandan inpatients with AUD (33.

Assessing positive body image, body satisfaction, weight bias, and appearance comparison in emerging adults: A cross-validation study across eight countries.

Positive body image refers to individuals' ability to conceptualize their bodies with love, respect, and appreciation. The study of positive body image is relatively new, and instruments used to investigate this multi-faceted construct have received limited use in non-English speaking countries. Thus, the aim of this investigation is to consider four measures that are associated with positive body image across eight different countries.

Psychometric properties of measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of appearance ideals across eight countries.

The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of two well-established measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of the thin/low body fat ideal and muscular ideal. Data from 6272 emerging adults (68.9 % female), aged 18-30 years from Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Spain, and the U.

Cross-Country Measurement Invariance and Effects of Sociodemographic Factors on Body Weight and Shape Concern-Related Constructs in Eight Countries.

The aim of this study was to examine the cross-country invariance of five well-established measures of body weight and shape concern-related attitudes and behaviors (i.e., drive for leanness, drive for muscularity, strategies to increase muscle, strategies to lose weight, and weight and shape concerns).

A cross-country examination of emotional eating, restrained eating and intuitive eating: Measurement Invariance across eight countries.

This study examined the measurement invariance of three scales that assessed emotional eating, restrained eating, and intuitive eating across eight countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Spain and the United States) in order to determine their suitability for cross-country body image research. A total of 6272 young adults took part in this study. Participants completed an online survey including the Emotional Eating subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21, the Restraint subscale of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, and the Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues subscale of The Intuitive Eating Scale-2.

Measuring perfectionism, impulsivity, self-esteem and social anxiety: Cross-national study in emerging adults from eight countries.

This study assessed the measurement invariance of selected self-report measures of perfectionism, impulsivity, self-esteem and social anxiety in samples of emerging adults from eight different countries. Participants (N = 6272) completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, the 5-item Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (5-item RSES) and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS-6). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was run to examine cross-measure equivalence.

Psychological Distress among Patients Attending Physiotherapy: A Survey-Based Investigation of Irish Physiotherapists' Current Practice and Opinions.

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the current practice and opinions of members of the Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists (ISCP) with respect to the care of patients in psychological distress. This was a cross-sectional, survey-based investigation of Irish physiotherapists. An electronic survey was sent by email to the ISCP membership.

Barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of nurses regarding metabolic health screening and intervention in people with mental illness: a pilot study from Uganda.

Background: People with mental illness are at an increased risk for developing cardio-metabolic disorders. Routine screening following pharmacotherapy is however unacceptably low in sub-Saharan African countries with less than 1% adequately screened. It is unknown whether this is due to a lack of adequate competences.

Functional exercise capacity is associated with global functioning in patients with alcohol use disorder.

This study explored whether the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score is associated with the functional exercise capacity among inpatients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). 45 (32 men) inpatients (41.1 ± 13.

A quantitative assessment of the views of mental health professionals on exercise for people with mental illness: perspectives from a low-resource setting.

Background: Exercise is nowadays considered as an evidence-based treatment modality in people with mental illness. Nurses and occupational therapists working in low-resourced mental health settings are well-placed to provide exercise advice for people with mental illness.

Objectives: We examined the current exercise prescription practices employed by Ugandan health care professionals when working with people with mental illness, and identified perceived barriers to exercise prescription and exercise participation for people with mental illness.

Development and testing of a model for risk and protective factors for eating disorders and higher weight among emerging adults: A study protocol.

Research has demonstrated that eating disorders (ED) and higher weight have lifetime co-occurrence suggesting that they may be best considered within a common etiological model. Although we know that body dissatisfaction is likely to be a risk factor for both outcomes, other proposed risk and protective factors for each condition have not been adequately explored. The current paper tests a conceptual model that is based on a review of the existing literature from both areas of scholarship.

Functional exercise capacity in inpatients with alcohol use disorder versus healthy controls: A pilot study.

The purpose of this study was to compare the functional exercise capacity of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD) with an age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy control group. Thirty patients (22 males, 40.4 ± 10.

Dietary Intake, Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle-Related Factors in People with Schizophrenia.

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary intake of both inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia in the Portuguese population as a potential key contributing factor to the poor physical health profiles, and understand the relationship of diet quality to other lifestyle factors. Participants of this cross-sectional study completed a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was determined by adherence to the Mediterranean Diet.

Physical fitness and physical activity levels in people with alcohol use disorder versus matched healthy controls: A pilot study.

Low physical fitness and physical inactivity have been recognized as prominent behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. To date, no studies have ystematically assessed physical fitness and physical activity in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD) vs. a healthy comparison group.

Sedentary Behavior and Quality of Life in People with Psychotic Disorders from a Low Income Country: A Study from Uganda.

The current study examined the impact of sedentary behaviour (SB) on quality of life (QoL) in people with psychotic disorders. Thirty-six Ugandan women (mean age = 33.9 ± 8.

Test-retest reliability and clinical correlates of the Eurofit test battery in people with alcohol use disorders.

People with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Physical fitness is a predictor of CVD and premature mortality. Currently, no existing measures of physical fitness used in the general population have been tested for validity and reliability in this vulnerable population.

Association of lifestyle-related factors and psychological factors on quality of life in people with schizophrenia.

In people with schizophrenia several factors are associated with poor quality of life (QoL), namely, lifestyle-related factors and psychological factors. However, there has been little research on the impact of these factors on QoL. Therefore, the relation between lifestyle-related factors, psychological factors, and QoL in people with schizophrenia was assessed.

Physical activity and sleep problems in 38 low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: Although physical activity (PA) is associated with a reduction of a wide range of sleep problems, it remains uncertain whether complying with the international guidelines of 150 min of moderate to vigorous PA per week can reduce sleep problems in adults. This research investigated the relationship between compliance with the PA recommendations of the World Health Organization and sleep problems in 38 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Survey were analyzed.

Sedentary behaviour and sleep problems among 42,489 community-dwelling adults in six low- and middle-income countries.

There is a lack of multinational research investigating the association between sleep problems and sedentary behaviour. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the time spent sedentary during waking hours and sleep problems in six low- and middle-income countries. Cross-sectional, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health survey were analysed.

Changes in eating disorder characteristics over the years.

Since 1980, the diagnostic criteria of patients with eating disorders (ED) have changed over the years. Are these changes also expressed in the clinical features of the ED patients? A cross-sectional sample was drawn consisting of 100 consecutive female patients' files diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and bulimia nervosa and admitted at an inpatient unit from the first of January 1990, 2000, and 2010, respectively. Several reliable and well-validated questionnaires (Eating Disorder Inventory, Body Attitude Test, Symptom Checklist, and the Beck Depression Inventory) were administered and scores were compared.

Factor structure of the German version of the pain attitudes and beliefs scale for physiotherapists.

The Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT) is a questionnaire that is frequently used to measure the treatment orientation of physiotherapists and other healthcare providers toward low back pain (LBP). Previous validation studies of the PABS-PT have reported consistently that exploratory factor analysis (EFA) yielded a two-factor model with the factors "biomedical" and "biopsychosocial." However, there remain concerns regarding the composition of these two factors and the internal consistency of the "biopsychosocial" factor.

Physiotherapy for people with mental health problems in Sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review.

Background: There is a need for psychosocial interventions to address the escalating mental health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Physiotherapists could have a central role in reducing the burden and facilitating recovery within the multidisciplinary care of people with mental health problems. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the role of physiotherapists within the current mental health policies of SSA countries and to explore the current research evidence for physiotherapy to improve functional outcomes in people with mental health problems in SSA.

Autonomous motivation and quality of life as predictors of physical activity in patients with schizophrenia.

Aim: Being physically active is a complex behaviour in patients with schizophrenia. Several factors were identified as barriers to achieving active behaviours in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate among a number of barriers what predicts the most on physical activity (PA) in patients with schizophrenia.