Uniform Safety and Excellent Performance of Pressure-Regulated Deployment of Transcatheter Aortic Valves.

•Pressure-regulated deployment (PRD) results in consistent and excellent transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) performance.•PRD produces superior valve hemodynamics in patients with small aortic annuli.•PRD mitigates the risk of annular injury even among patients at high anatomic risk.

Fluid requirements for adult inpatients with medically compromised eating disorders: A scoping review.

Aims: This review aimed to describe the current evidence on fluid requirements for adults with medically compromised eating disorders, with objectives to: (1) review study designs and aims, (2) describe participant characteristics, (3) identify modes of fluid delivery, and (4) examine fluid reporting methods and adverse events relating to fluid intake.

Methods: This scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology. Three research databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase) were searched until 25 November 2024 for relevant studies.

Yield of fungal and mycobacterial cultures for operative specimens in orthopedic procedures: A retrospective, observational cohort study.

Fungal and mycobacterial cultures are routinely sent on orthopedic operative specimens, but their impact on clinical care is not well established. Processing fungal and mycobacterial cultures is time and labor intensive, associated with significant healthcare costs, and may yield false-positive results due to contamination. The objective of this study was to determine the utility and diagnostic yield of fungal and mycobacterial cultures from orthopedic operative specimens.

RNA N-glycosylation enables immune evasion and homeostatic efferocytosis.

Glycosylation is central to the localization and function of biomolecules. We recently discovered that small RNAs undergo N-glycosylation at the modified RNA base 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) uridine (acpU). However, the functional significance of N-glycosylation of RNAs is unknown.

Why engagement matters in policy implementation: an examination of the engagement of policy actors in the implementation of a mental health and addictions strategy.

Background: Shifts toward "new public governance" (NPG), where policy decisions and their implementation are "co-produced" by a policy network, have captured the attention of policymakers as an approach that may produce better outcomes. It is particularly promising in mental health, where it is increasingly acknowledged that effective change requires actions by multiple actors across a range of policy and system settings. In Ontario, Canada, the government's recent mental health reform, Open Minds, Healthy Minds, Ontario's Comprehensive Mental Health and Addictions Strategy, is unique in terms of its scope and the NPG-inspired processes employed.

Gas and Aqueous Phase Computations on the Keto-Enol Tautomerization of Pyruvic and Zymonic Acids: Implications for Prebiotic Enol Phosphates.

Keto-enol tautomerism plays a very important role in pyruvate chemistry and metabolic transformations. The enol form of pyruvate is thermodynamically much less stable, and its tautomerization to the keto form is one of the strongly favored energetic single rearrangements, endowing phosphoenolpyruvate as one of the most potent phosphate donors in biology. In this work, we report the keto-enol rearrangement of pyruvate and pyruvate-derived compounds, such as zymomate, using high-quality density functional theory for the gas phase and molecular dynamics methods for the aqueous phase.

HLA-A∗03:01 as predictive genetic biomarker for glatiramer acetate treatment response in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a well-tolerated treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) and comparable in its efficacy to high-dose interferon beta (IFN). As a lack of validated treatment response biomarkers for MS hampers progress in personalised treatment, the study goal was to search for biomarkers of a successful treatment response utilising the known observation of T-cell expansions after GA treatment.

Methods: T-cell receptor beta chain (TRB) sequencing was performed in 3021 patients with MS: a discovery cohort of 1627 patients with MS, 204 of whom had previously been treated with GA, and then validated in 1394 patients with MS, 424 of whom had previously been treated with GA.

Baseline predictors for 28-day COVID-19 severity and mortality among hospitalized patients: results from the IMPACC study.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatened public health and placed a significant burden on medical resources. The Immunophenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) study collected clinical, demographic, blood cytometry, serum receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody titers, metabolomics, targeted proteomics, nasal metagenomics, Olink, nasal viral load, autoantibody, SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, and nasal and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomics data from patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The aim of this study is to select baseline biomarkers and build predictive models for 28-day in-hospital COVID-19 severity and mortality with most predictive variables while prioritizing routinely collected variables.

Small Molecule Regulation of Iron Homeostasis: Design and Optimization of Novel Iron Chelators Based on a Thiosemicarbazone Scaffold.

Disrupted iron balance causes anemia and iron overload leading to hypoxia and systemic oxidative stress. Iron overload may arise from red blood cell disorders such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia major and primary hemochromatosis, or from treatment with multiple transfusions. These hematological disorders are characterized by constant red blood cell hemolysis and the release of iron.

Improved Allele Frequencies in gnomAD through Local Ancestry Inference.

The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) is a foundational resource for allele frequency data, widely used in genomic research and clinical interpretation. However, traditional estimates rely on individual-level genetic ancestry groupings that may obscure variation in recently admixed populations. To improve resolution, we applied local ancestry inference (LAI) to over 27 million variants in two admixed groups: Admixed American (n = 7,612) and African/African American (n = 20,250), deriving ancestry-specific allele frequencies.

Fat cadherin cleavage releases a transcriptionally active nuclear fragment to regulate target gene expression.

The conserved atypical cadherin fat (ft) controls cellular processes such as growth, planar cell polarity, and mitochondrial function, in organisms ranging from fruit flies to mammals. Working at the apical-junctional plasma membrane the intracellular domain of the Ft protein, FtICD, binds to and regulates components of the Hippo and PCP pathways. Unexpectedly, we show that FtICD is present in the nucleus in cultured cells as well as in embryonic and larval tissues, and identify nuclear localization and nuclear export signals in FtICD required for this localization.

Syntheses and structures of dinuclear zinc(II) acetate-bridged coordination compounds with the aromatic Schiff base chelators ,-dimethyl-2-[phen-yl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl-idene]hydrazine-1-carbothio-amide and -ethyl-2-[phen-yl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl-idene]hydrazine-1-carbo-thio-amide.

In the centrosymmetric title complexes, di-μ-acetato-bis({,-dimethyl-2-[phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamidato}zinc(II)), [Zn(CHNS)(CHO)] (), and di-μ-acetato-bis({-ethyl-2-[phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamidato}zinc(II)), [Zn(CHNS)(CHO)] (), the zinc ions are chelated by the ,,-tridentate ligands and bridged by pairs of acetate ions. The acetate ion in () is disordered over two orientations in a 0.756 (6):0.

Opioid deaths in children in Ontario: A province-wide study.

Objectives: Opioid-related deaths are an ongoing concern. There have been increasing numbers of fentanyl-related adult deaths with limited knowledge of the characteristics and circumstances of opioid toxicity deaths in children. Our aim was to address this using province-wide data capturing all deaths in children under the age of 10 years in Ontario.

Clinical applications of and molecular insights from RNA sequencing in a rare disease cohort.

Background: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is emerging as a valuable tool for identifying disease-causing RNA transcript aberrations that cannot be identified by DNA-based testing alone. Previous studies demonstrated some success in utilizing RNA-seq as a first-line test for rare inborn genetic conditions. However, DNA-based testing (increasingly, whole genome sequencing) remains the standard initial testing approach in clinical practice.

Assessing the diagnostic impact of blood transcriptome profiling in a pediatric cohort previously assessed by genome sequencing.

Despite advances in genome sequencing, many individuals with rare genetic disorders remain undiagnosed. Transcriptional profiling via RNA-seq can reveal functional impacts of DNA variants and improve diagnosis. We assessed blood-derived RNA-seq in the largely undiagnosed SickKids Genome Clinic cohort (n = 134), which has been subjected to multiple analyses benchmarking the utility of genome sequencing.

Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Monitoring for People Living with Dementia: Improving Their Independent Activity by Integrating Open Interface Sensors.

People living with dementia often experience mobility challenges and social isolation, which can impede their ability to perform activities of daily living independently. This paper presents the design and deployment of an open-source software-based context-aware support system, e.g.

Progressive Release of Informational Materials for People Living with Dementia and Their Informal Carers.

We describe a process for selecting informational material for people living with dementia that is most appropriate for their stage of dementia. This material provides information on the disease, on ways of living with the disease, and on activities that may delay the progression of the disease, with a view to maintaining an individual's independent living at home. Informational material is suggested according to both an individual's overall clinical disease progression and progression along seven cognitive domain axes that contribute to the overall progression, for example 'working memory' performance or 'attention', with scores for these axes being derived from clinical judgement, from fixed and wearable sensors, or from performance when interacting with devices.

Empiric Azithromycin in COVID-19 Impacts the Respiratory Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistome without Anti-inflammatory Benefit.

Azithromycin is often prescribed unnecessarily for respiratory infections, many of which are viral. During the COVID-19 pandemic, its use was widespread, in part due to alleged therapeutic benefits, which have since been disproven. Here, we sought to understand the impact of azithromycin exposure on the respiratory microbiome, antimicrobial resistome, and host immune response in a prospective multicenter cohort of 1164 patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Sense of personal agency towards mitigating the threat of antibiotic resistance: a focus group study with parents of children under 5 years old, conducted mid-pandemic.

Background: Most antibiotic prescribing occurs in primary care, largely in children under 5 years old, and often inappropriately. This study investigated knowledge, attitudes and behaviours (KABs) towards common childhood infections, antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), among parents of children under 5 years old. The concept of individual sacrifice (forgoing antibiotics-a selective pressure for AMR) to mitigate future societal risk of AMR and how the COVID-19 pandemic shaped views were explored.

Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Burkina Faso During COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study is to explore the prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and associated sociodemographic factors in Burkina Faso during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). The total sample counted 9702 eligible women of reproductive age (15-49 years).

High-Dose Pulse Glucocorticoid Treatment Prevents White Matter Spinal Cord Pseudoatrophy in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: Spinal cord (SC) atrophy correlates with and predicts the underlying progressive biology in active and non-active multiple sclerosis (MS), thereby providing a biomarker for clinical trials and patient management. Initiation of disease-modifying therapy (DMT) may be followed by early pronounced central nervous system (CNS) volume loss due to resolution of inflammation (pseudoatrophy) and confounding the interpretation of atrophy. High-dose glucocorticoids (HDGs) reduce inflammation and might therefore modify pseudoatrophy.

Social Media and Youth Mental Health: Scoping Review of Platform and Policy Recommendations.

Background: High rates of social media use and mental ill-health among young people have drawn significant public, policy, and research concern. Rapid technological advancements and changes in platform design have outpaced our understanding of the health effects of social media and hampered timely evidence-based regulatory responses. While a proliferation of recommendations to social media companies and governments has been published, a comprehensive summary of recommendations for protecting young people's mental health and digital safety does not yet exist.