Mental health literacy and the stigmatisation and discrimination of individuals affected by mental illnesses in China: a scoping review.

Low mental health literacy (MHL) could contribute to misconceptions about mental illnesses and reinforce various forms of stigma (public, personal, and associative), leading to discrimination, reduced help-seeking, and poorer mental health outcomes. To summarise the current state of the literature on MHL, stigma, and discrimination, this scoping review identified 387 studies published from 2000 to 2024 in five English and three Chinese databases: 60.7% focused on stigma, 31.

Culturally relevant physical activity in Hawai'i: outrigger canoeing across an adapted social-ecological model.

Outrigger canoe paddling ("paddling") is a culturally and regionally relevant physical activity (PA) in Hawai'i and the Pacific with potential for public health promotion and disease prevention, yet paddling remains understudied from a public health perspective. This study explored the meaning of paddling across levels of the social-ecological model (SEM) using qualitative methods. The study goal was to develop a research base and inform scholarship about participation in paddling for public health.

SURGICAL MICROWAVE ABLATION OF 3,035 LIVER TUMORS IN 1,416 PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 16 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE.

Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) is a safe and effective treatment for a wide array of benign and malignant liver tumors, but most studies have thus far have been underpowered.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained, database of patients who underwent MWA between 2006 and 2023.

Results: 3,035 tumors were ablated during the study, 105 (6.

Governing novel climate interventions in rapidly changing oceans.

Marine systems are rapidly changing in response to global heating. The scale and intensity of change are triggering a host of novel interventions to sustain oceans and ocean-dependent societies. However, the pace of new interventions is outstripping capacity to prevent unintended consequences because governance systems to ensure responsible transformation of marine systems are not yet in place.

Inhibition of the Caveolin-1 pathway promotes apoptosis and overcomes pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Resistance to multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is a major clinical concern in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we aimed to uncover the mechanisms underlying pan-TKI resistance and to identify potential therapeutic targets. We used multiple TKI-resistant HCC cell lines to identify caveolin-1 (CAV1) as a key driver of therapeutic resistance.

Sustained outcomes after enhanced recovery pathway implementation in pediatric colorectal surgery.

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated improvements in length of stay and opioid utilization after implementing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pathways (ERPs) for pediatric colorectal surgery. However, the long-term impact of ERPs on postoperative outcomes following the implementation of specific ERP components has not been examined.

Methods: In this single-institution retrospective and longitudinal cohort review of pediatric patients undergoing colorectal surgery before (Pre-ERP - 4/2014-8/2015) and after an ERP implementation (ERP - 9/2015-1/2024).

What facilitates a sense of belonging amongst Australian teachers?

Objective: Enhancing a sense of belonging among teachers could be key to mitigating global teacher shortages. This study aimed to investigate teachers' sense of belonging in the Australian educational context.

Method: A sample of 3,206 teachers answered a survey with open-ended questions that were analysed using thematic analysis.

The value of mental science: we publish what matters.

Recent changes to US research funding are having far-reaching consequences that imperil the integrity of science and the provision of care to vulnerable populations. Resisting these changes, the reaffirms its commitment to publishing mental science and advancing psychiatric knowledge that improves the mental health of one and all.

The role of family caregiving in the management of individuals with mental illnesses and the outcome of family-based interventions for mental illnesses in China: a scoping review.

The effects of China's rapid economic development and urbanisation on family caregivers' responsibilities for providing essential practical, social, and psychological support to family members with mental illnesses are unclear. This scoping review identified 176 relevant studies published from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2023 in six English-language and three Chinese-language databases. Most studies focus on family caregiving for individuals with schizophrenia (63 studies), autism (40 studies), or dementia (39 studies).

Evolving role of the internet in China as a medium for promoting psychological well-being and mental health: a scoping review.

The rapid development of China's 5G 'Internet Plus' industry has led to increasing use of the Internet to provide healthcare services. Internet-based services in China are already widely used to prevent, identify, monitor, and manage mental disorders, but few of these services have been formally evaluated. To provide a clear baseline of this rapidly evolving field, we searched articles published before December 31, 2022, about internet-based interventions and surveys for mental health-related conditions in China in five international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library) and four Chinese databases (CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, and WanFang).

Usability Assessment: The Foundation for Developing Surgical Video Review Systems.

Surgical video review improves performance, but video capture, editing, sharing, and platform usability challenges hinder implementation. Evaluating platform usability by end-users is vital for effective adoption. In this study, we utilized a standardized measurement scale, the System Usability Scale (SUS), to measure the usability of an existing local network video capture (LNVC) platform within a surgical department.

Bedside versus operating room tracheostomy: A cost-effectiveness and economic evaluation.

Background: Prior studies have compared outcomes and costs between bedside tracheostomy (BT) and operating room tracheostomy (ORT). However, studies have not performed a formal cost-effectiveness analysis of BT versus ORT.

Methods: We present a cost-effectiveness study using Markov microsimulation for BT versus ORT.

Neighborhood child opportunity and its association with complicated inguinal hernia in children: an analysis of a national insurance claims-based database.

Background: The Child Opportunity Index (COI) is a measure of neighborhood conditions associated with healthy child development. Inguinal hernia repair (IHR) is a common pediatric procedure. We sought to evaluate the association between COI and complicated inguinal hernia (IH), incarcerated or strangulated IH, among children with employer-based insurance coverage.

Deep metabolic phenotyping of humans with protein-altering variants in using a genome-first approach.

Background & Aim: An unbiased genome-first approach can expand the molecular understanding of specific genes in disease-agnostic biobanks for deeper phenotyping. represents a good candidate for this approach due to its known association with steatotic liver disease (SLD).

Methods: We screened participants with whole-exome sequences in the Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB, n >40,000) and the UK Biobank (UKB, n >200,000) for protein-altering variants in and evaluated their association with liver phenotypes and clinical outcomes.

Physics-Based Machine Learning Trains Hamiltonians and Decodes the Sequence-Conformation Relation in the Disordered Proteome.

Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs) are involved in vital biological processes. To understand the IDP function, often controlled by conformation, we need to find the link between sequence and conformation. We decode this link by integrating theory, simulation, and machine learning (ML) where sequence-dependent electrostatics is modeled analytically while nonelectrostatic interaction is extracted from simulations for many sequences and subsequently trained using ML.

Antibiotic Stewardship through Use of a Preferred Antibiotic Regimen is Associated with Decreased Organ Space Surgical Site Infections in Uncomplicated and Complicated Pediatric Appendicitis.

There is a lack of consensus on the optimal antibiotic regimen for pediatric appendicitis, and conflicting data exist regarding the need for extended-spectrum use in this population. We implemented an antibiotic stewardship program with a standard, preferred antibiotic regimen for both uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis and hypothesized that clinical outcomes would be equivalent. This is a single-institution, retrospective study of pediatric patients (≤18 y) who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis between October 2015 and May 2022.

National Trends in the Creation of Diverting Ileostomy at the Time of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis in Adults With Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: The impact of diverting ileostomy in adults with ulcerative colitis (UC) undergoing ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is unclear. This study uses a novel approach with population-level data to identify patients with diverting ileostomy at the time of IPAA and determine the impact of diverting ileostomy on postoperative outcomes.

Methods: Using the International Business Machines (IBM) MarketScan® database, adults (18-64 years old) with a diagnosis of UC who underwent IPAA between 2000 and 2019 were examined.

BREATH TEST TO DETECT WOMEN AT LOW RISK FOR BREAST CANCER: POTENTIAL CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS.

Background: A breath test for volatile organic compounds has identified biomarkers associated with breast cancer. We evaluated the potential clinical and economic benefits of a breath test to detect women at low risk for breast cancer by comparing its negative predictive value (NPV) to the NPV of screening mammography.

Methods: Sensitivity and specificity values for screening mammography were obtained from the Food & Drug Administration Mammography Quality Standards Act; Amendments to Part 900 Regulations Docket No.

Surgical microwave ablation of 397 neuroendocrine liver metastases: a retrospective cohort analysis of 16 years of experience.

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) constitute a heterogeneous group of malignancies whose incidence has been on the rise over the past two decades, currently documented at 5.25 per 100,000. Liver metastasis develops in over 60% of NET patients.

A chromosome level reference genome of Diviner's sage (Salvia divinorum) provides insight into salvinorin A biosynthesis.

Background: Diviner's sage (Salvia divinorum; Lamiaceae) is the source of the powerful hallucinogen salvinorin A (SalA). This neoclerodane diterpenoid is an agonist of the human Κ-opioid receptor with potential medical applications in the treatment of chronic pain, addiction, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Only two steps of the approximately twelve step biosynthetic sequence leading to SalA have been resolved to date.