Primary care performance measurement in Brazil (Previne Brasil Program), 2022-2023.

Background: Previne Brasil is a new way of financing Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil that places users of public health services at the center of the system's analysis and attention through the use of seven performance indicators. This study aims to analyze the performance of Primary Health Care in Brazil under the new financing model (Previne Brasil) in the period from the first four months of 2022 to the first four months of 2023.

Methods: This is a territorial ecological study using secondary data from the Primary Care Health Information System (SISAB).

In vivo characterization of glycogen storage disease type III in a mouse model using glycoNOE MRI.

Purpose: Glycogen storage disease type III (GSD III) is a rare inherited metabolic disease characterized by excessive accumulation of glycogen in liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. Currently, there are no widely available noninvasive methods to assess tissue glycogen levels and disease load. Here, we use glycogen nuclear Overhauser effect (glycoNOE) MRI to quantify hepatic glycogen levels in a mouse model of GSD III.

Trend analysis of clinical aspects of congenital syphilis in Brazil, 2009-2018.

Introduction: Congenital syphilis is caused by the vertical transmission of bacteria, Treponema pallidum, from nontreated or inappropriately treated pregnant to the fetus.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical aspects of Congenital syphilis in Brazil, between 2009-2018.

Method: It is an analytical cross-sectional study whose data were collected from the Department of Chronical Conditions and Sexually Transmitted Infections of Brazilian Health Ministry.

COVID-19 in Brazil: spatial risk, social vulnerability, human development, clinical manifestations and predictors of mortality - a retrospective study with data from 59 695 individuals.

Brazil ranks second in the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide. In spite of this, coping measures differ throughout the national territory, as does the disease's impact on the population. This cross-sectional observational study, with 59 695 cases of COVID-19 registered in the state of Alagoas between March and August 2020, analysed clinical-epidemiological variables, incidence rate, mortality rate, case fatality rate (CFR) and the social indicators municipal human development index (MHDI) and social vulnerability index (SVI).

[Spatial and temporal patterns of mortality among motorcyclists in a State of the Brazilian Northeast in the 21st century].

The scope of this work was to analyze the trend and distribution of mortality among motorcyclists in traffic accidents in the State of Alagoas. It involved an ecological study relating to all deaths resulting from motorcycle accidents in the state in the period from 2001 to 2015. Mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (MIS).

An analysis of spatial dynamics in Brazil.

Introduction: The high transmissibility and infectivity of the new coronavirus, the high proportion of asymptomatic transmitters and the rapid and continuous spatial displacement of people, by the different mechanisms of locomotion, are elements that can contribute to the dissemination of COVID-19. This study aims to describe the geographical dispersion of COVID-19 in the state of Bahia and the importance of major airports and highways in the dynamics of disease transmission.

Methods: This is an ecological study involving all cases of COVID-19 registered in the state of Bahia between March 6, date of the first registered case and May 16, 2020.

Mortality of motorcyclists due to traffic injuries in Brasil: a population-based study in Brazilian capitals.

Objective: To analyze the mortality trend of young men who were victims of traffic injuries involving motorcycles in all Brazilian capitals from 2001 to 2015.

Methods: A time-series study on all deaths of men aged 20-39 years old due to traffic injuries involving motorcycles in all 27 Brazilian capitals. We used the joinpoint regression model for temporal analysis and calculated the Annual Percent Change (APC) and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) to verify the mortality trends.

The burden of COVID-19 in Brazil is greater in areas with high social deprivation.

This study showed a spatial association between COVID-19 and poor living conditions in a population in Northeast Brazil. The case fatality rate was 1.42 times higher in the municipalities with very high social deprivation.

Human development, social vulnerability and COVID-19 in Brazil: a study of the social determinants of health.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed in Brazil in February 2020. Since then, the disease has spread throughout the country, reaching the poorest areas. This study analyzes the relationship between COVID-19 and the population's living conditions.

Author Correction: Transcriptional profiling and therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress in neuroinflammation.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Spatiotemporal clustering, social vulnerability and risk of congenital syphilis in northeast Brazil: an ecological study.

Background: To investigate the spatial distribution of congenital syphilis (CS) and its association to social vulnerability indexes in northeast Brazil.

Methods: This was an ecological study referring to all cases of CS and CS deaths recorded in the northeast region of Brazil from 2008 to 2015. Data were obtained from three Brazilian information systems.

Syphilis among pregnant women in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2015: a trend analysis according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Introduction: The number of syphilis cases among pregnant women in Brazil has increased. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of syphilis indicators among pregnant women in Northeast Brazil.

Methods: A time-series study was performed.

Mortality in motorcycle accidents in Alagoas (2001-2015): temporal and spatial modeling before and after the "lei seca".

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile and the Spatio-temporal distribution of mortality in motorcycle accidents in Alagoas before (2001-2007) and after the "Lei seca" (2008-2015).

Methods: This is a mixed ecologic study. All deaths in the state with the codes V20-V29 (ICD-10) as the basic cause were included in the study.

Social determinants of mortality due to visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil (2001-2015): an ecological study.

Introduction: We aimed to analyze the relationship between visceral leishmaniasis mortality and social determinants of health (SDH).

Methods: This was an ecological study of all leishmaniasis-related deaths in Brazil, from 2001 to 2015. We analyzed 49 indicators of human development and social vulnerability.

Swimming training reduces glucose-amplifying pathway and cholinergic responses in islets from lean- and MSG-obese rats.

Here, we investigate the effects of exercise training on glucose- and cholinergic-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets from obese and lean rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG) for the first 5 days of life, while control (CON) rats received saline. At 21 days, the rats were divided into exercised (EXE) and sedentary (SED) groups.

Schistosomiasis mansoni in the northeast region of brazil: temporal modeling of positivity, hospitalization,and mortality rates.

Introduction: We aimed to analyze trends in Schistosomiasis positivity, mortality, and hospitalization rates in Northeast Brazil.

Methods: We conducted an ecological study using data from the Brazilian Schistosomiasis Control Program, and Hospital and Mortality Information Systems. A joinpoint regression model was used for temporal analysis.

Fibrin-targeting immunotherapy protects against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.

Activation of innate immunity and deposition of blood-derived fibrin in the central nervous system (CNS) occur in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms that link disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to neurodegeneration are poorly understood, and exploration of fibrin as a therapeutic target has been limited by its beneficial clotting functions. Here we report the generation of monoclonal antibody 5B8, targeted against the cryptic fibrin epitope γ, to selectively inhibit fibrin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress without interfering with clotting.

The Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program to reduce events and risk factors in secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease: study protocol (The BALANCE Program Trial).

This article reports the rationale for the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program (BALANCE Program) Trial. This pragmatic, multicenter, nationwide, randomized, concealed, controlled trial was designed to investigate the effects of the BALANCE Program in reducing cardiovascular events. The BALANCE Program consists of a prescribed diet guided by nutritional content recommendations from Brazilian national guidelines using a unique nutritional education strategy, which includes suggestions of affordable foods.

Blood coagulation protein fibrinogen promotes autoimmunity and demyelination via chemokine release and antigen presentation.

Autoimmunity and macrophage recruitment into the central nervous system (CNS) are critical determinants of neuroinflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms that drive immunological responses targeted to the CNS remain largely unknown. Here we show that fibrinogen, a central blood coagulation protein deposited in the CNS after blood-brain barrier disruption, induces encephalitogenic adaptive immune responses and peripheral macrophage recruitment into the CNS leading to demyelination.