A Nationwide Study of the Economic Burden of Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in France.

Background: This study describes economic burden of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in France, with consideration of disease severity as measured by New York Heart Association (NYHA) class.

Methods: This observational, retrospective study used data from the French National Health Data System. Adults (≥18) with at least one disease related hospitalization during 2012-2018 were included.

Early Staged Surgical Reconstruction for Active Midfoot and Ankle Charcot's Neuroarthropathy.

Background: Charcot's neuroarthropathy (CN) is a destructive inflammatory process that affects patients with peripheral neuropathy, most commonly those with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The disease progresses through an active hyperemic phase that eventually becomes inactive, and the affected bone consolidates. The period in which the disease progresses from active to inactive is when instability, deformity, dislocation, and ulceration may occur depending on what deforming forces are stressing the affected pathologic area.

Charcot neuroarthropathy: Surgical and conservative treatment approaches.

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is an inflammatory condition affecting the joints of patients with peripheral neuropathy; its prevalence is as high as 7.5%. It is commonly seen in patients with diabetes and poses a significant public health burden.

Treatment patterns, outcomes and healthcare resource utilization of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in England.

Aims: Describe patient characteristics, treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and medical costs associated with patients who were diagnosed with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in clinical practice in England.

Methods And Results: This observational, retrospective, cohort study of adults who were diagnosed with obstructive HCM in routine clinical practice in England used electronic health records from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD/Aurum and linked Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) databases (1 April 2007 to 30 October 2020). Adults (≥18 years at index date) with at least one diagnosis code (ICD-10, Read, SNOMED, or OPCS) indicative of HCM with ≥1 year of continuous registration in CPRD, data of acceptable research quality and eligibility for HES linkage were included.

Incidence of Wounds Associated with Posterior Midline Incision for Achilles Tendon Pathology in a Large Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: We sought to determine the wound complications associated with a straight midline incision overlying the Achilles tendon. Data on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), surgery performed, date of surgery, and wound development were collected.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 217 patients with a mean ± SD age of 46.

Modified Delphi expert elicitation of the clinical and economic burden of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in England and Northern Ireland.

Objective: To estimate the resource use of patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), stratified by New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, in the English and Northern Irish healthcare systems via expert elicitation.

Design: Modified Delphi framework methodology.

Setting: UK HCM secondary care centres (n=24).

Rate and Location of Reulceration and Reamputation After Partial First-Ray Amputation versus Hallux Amputation in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Populations.

Background: We sought to determine the rates of reulceration and reamputation in individuals who underwent partial first-ray amputations versus hallux amputations in diabetic and nondiabetic populations.

Methods: Eighty-four amputations were reviewed in a retrospective fashion. A retrospective medical record review was performed to determine patients who underwent a hallux amputation, both partial and complete, and patients who underwent a partial first-ray amputation.

Undertaking multi-centre randomised controlled trials in primary care: learnings and recommendations from the PULsE-AI trial researchers.

Background: Conducting effective and translational research can be challenging and few trials undertake formal reflection exercises and disseminate learnings from them. Following completion of our multicentre randomised controlled trial, which was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, we sought to reflect on our experiences and share our thoughts on challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations for researchers undertaking or considering research in primary care.

Methods: Researchers involved in the Prediction of Undiagnosed atriaL fibrillation using a machinE learning AlgorIthm (PULsE-AI) trial, conducted in England from June 2019 to February 2021 were invited to participate in a qualitative reflection exercise.

Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI) in primary care: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial in England.

Aims: The aim of the PULsE-AI trial was to assess the effectiveness of a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm in conjunction with diagnostic testing for identifying undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) in primary care in England.

Methods And Results: Eligible participants (aged ≥30 years without AF diagnosis;  = 23 745) from six general practices in England were randomized into intervention and control arms. Intervention arm participants, identified by the algorithm as high risk of undiagnosed AF ( = 944), were invited for diagnostic testing ( = 256 consented); those who did not accept the invitation, and all control arm participants, were managed routinely.

Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using a machine learning risk prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI) in primary care: cost-effectiveness of a screening strategy evaluated in a randomized controlled trial in England.

Objective: The PULsE-AI trial sought to determine the effectiveness of a screening strategy that included a machine learning risk prediction algorithm in conjunction with diagnostic testing for identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) in primary care. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing the screening strategy in a real-world setting.

Methods: Data from the PULsE-AI trial - a prospective, randomized, controlled trial conducted across six general practices in England from June 2019 to February 2021 - were used to inform a cost-effectiveness analysis that included a hybrid screening decision tree and Markov AF disease progression model.

The mechanism of oxidative addition of Pd(0) to Si-H bonds: electronic effects, reaction mechanism, and hydrosilylation.

The oxidative addition of Pd to Si-H bonds is a crucial step in a variety of catalytic applications, and many aspects of this reaction are poorly understood. One important yet underexplored aspect is the electronic effect of silane substituents on reactivity. Herein we describe a systematic investigation of the formation of silyl palladium hydride complexes as a function of silane identity, focusing on electronic influence of the silanes.

Outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with abatacept: a UK multi-centre observational study.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes chronic synovitis, resulting in progressive joint destruction and functional disability and affects approximately 400,000 people in the UK. This real-world study aimed to describe the characteristics, treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients who received abatacept in UK clinical practice.

Methods: This was a multi-centre, retrospective, observational study of patients with RA treated with abatacept at four UK centres between 01 January 2013 and 31 December 2017.

Risk factors associated with the incidence and recurrence of hyperkalaemia in patients with cardiorenal conditions.

Introduction: Hyperkalaemia (HK) is associated with increased mortality risk. Prior studies suggest that the causes of HK are multifactorial. This study aimed to examine risk factors for incident and recurrent HK in six large real-world cohorts of UK patients that could be considered at elevated HK risk because of underlying disease pathology and/or medication use.

Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation patients using a machine learning risk prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke, enhanced stroke severity, and other comorbidities. However, AF is often asymptomatic, and frequently remains undiagnosed until complications occur. Current screening approaches for AF lack either cost-effectiveness or diagnostic sensitivity; thus, there is interest in tools that could be used for population screening.

Serum potassium as a predictor of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with increasing comorbidity burden.

Aims: The aim of this study was to establish whether patients with multiple comorbidities may be at elevated risk of hyperkalaemia (HK), a potentially life-threatening electrolyte imbalance, and the associated adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods And Results: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study using UK primary and secondary care data. Adult patients with at least one of: resistant hypertension, chronic kidney disease stage 3+, dialysis, heart failure (HF), and diabetes, were eligible for inclusion.

Treatment patterns and health outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with targeted systemic therapies in the UK.

Background: Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with targeted systemic therapies have demonstrated favourable outcomes in randomised controlled trials, however real-world evidence is limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of targeted systemic therapies for patients with mRCC in routine clinical practice in the UK.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, longitudinal study based on chart review of newly diagnosed adult mRCC patients treated at two UK hospitals from 2008 to 2015 was conducted.

Brentuximab vedotin for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma after autologous stem cell transplantation.

Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is the first approved novel agent for salvage treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). In this study, a literature-based analysis was undertaken to assess, via an indirect treatment comparison, the comparative efficacy of BV to salvage chemotherapy as treatment for R/R cHL patients following ASCT. This comparative effectiveness research was undertaken to support a reimbursement submission for BV to the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee.

Evolution of the burden of active hepatitis C virus infection in England from September 2015 to September 2016: a repeated cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of treatment with new direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on the prevalent hepatitis C virus (HCV) population in England.

Design: A repeated cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Four secondary care hospitals in England.

Development, Validation and Pilot Field Deployment of a Custom Mouthpiece for Head Impact Measurement.

The objective of this study was to develop a mouthpiece sensor with improved head kinematic measurement for use in non-helmeted and helmeted sports through laboratory validation and pilot field deployment in female youth soccer. For laboratory validation, data from the mouthpiece sensor was compared to standard sensors mounted in a headform at the center of gravity as the headform was struck with a swinging pendulum. Linear regression between peak kinematics measured from the mouthpiece and headform showed strong correlation, with r values of 0.

Structural Evolution of Metal (Oxy)hydroxide Nanosheets during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Metal (oxy)hydroxides (MO H , M = Fe, Co, Ni, and mixtures thereof) are important materials in electrochemistry. In particular, MO H are the fastest known catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. While key descriptors such as overpotentials and activity have been thoroughly characterized, the nanostructure and its dynamics under electrochemical conditions are not yet fully understood.

Boron-Doped C Fullerenes for Alkyl Functionalization or Potential Polymerization.

Replacing a single carbon atom in C with a boron atom allows the functionalization of one additional carbon atom. Such a process involves little energy cost with regard to the structure of the fullerene. Two such replacements are required if the fullerenes are to act as "pearls on a string".

The Cost-Effectiveness of Alogliptin Versus Sulfonylurea as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: ENDURE (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00856284), a multicenter, double-blind, active-controlled study of 2639 patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), found that metformin in combination with alogliptin (12.5 and 25 mg doses), when compared to standard add-on therapy (sulfonylurea, SU), exerted sustained antihyperglycemic effects over 2 years.