Burden of coronary artery calcification in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Screening and primary cardiovascular prevention may improve outcomes.

Methods: We identified patients in the 2002-2019 Mass General Brigham AAV cohort with thoracic CT scans obtained for other clinical purposes.

Mechanisms and Screening for Atherosclerosis in Adults With Vasculitis.

Vascular inflammation is a hallmark of both primary systemic vasculitis and atherosclerosis. As such, cardiovascular events are common in patients with vasculitis and likely due to both direct vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Direct cardiac involvement is possible in all vasculitides, though more commonly described in Takayasu arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Interhospital variability in hospital admissions for patients with low-risk syncope presenting to the emergency department.

Background: Guidelines and risk scores have sought to standardize the management of syncope in the emergency department (ED), but variation in practice remains.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with admission for patients presenting to the ED with low-risk syncope.

Methods: Our study population included adult patients in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample between 2006 and 2019 who presented to an ED with a primary diagnosis of syncope.

Real-time thiol detection in iPSC-derived neuron cultures using SemKur-IM, a novel fluorescent dithio probe.

Neurological disorders associated with inflammation and oxidative stress show reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the human brain. Drug discovery efforts and pharmacological studies would benefit from tools (e.g.

Contemporary Trends in Acute Myocardial Infarction in the American Indian/Alaska Native U.S. Population, 2000 to 2018.

Coronary heart disease is disproportionately prevalent in the American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population. As care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to advance, equitable distribution and access for the AI/AN population is essential. Primary AMI hospitalizations for adults ≥18 years of age were identified from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample from 2000 to 2018.

Interhospital Variability in Utilization of Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation in the Emergency Department.

The role for direct current cardioversion (DCCV) in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the emergency department (ED) is unclear. Factors associated with DCCV in current practice are not well described, nor is the variation across patients and institutions. All ED encounters with a primary diagnosis of AF were identified from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from 2006 to 2017.

Trends in Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty Complications for Mitral Stenosis in the United States (the National Inpatient Sample [2008 to 2018]).

The epidemiology of mitral stenosis (MS) continues to evolve in the United States. Although the incidence of rheumatic MS has decreased in high-income countries, there is a paucity of data surrounding trends in percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV), the current first-line management strategy. This study aimed to identify contemporary trends in PBMV in the United States.

Missed Opportunities for Screening and Management of Dysglycemia among Patients Presenting with Acute Myocardial Infarction in North India: The Prospective NORIN STEMI Registry.

Background: Dysglycemia is a major and increasingly prevalent cardiometabolic risk factor worldwide, but is often undiagnosed even in high-risk patients. We evaluated the impact of protocolized screening for dysglycemia on the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in North India.

Methods: We conducted a prospective NORIN STEMI registry-based study of patients presenting with STEMI to two government-funded tertiary care medical centers in New Delhi, India, from January to November 2019.

Meta-Analysis Comparing Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation With or Without Impella in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock.

Cardiogenic shock is associated with high short-term mortality. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly used as a mechanical circulatory support strategy for patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. A drawback of this hemodynamic support strategy is increased left ventricular (LV) afterload, which is mitigated by concomitant use of Impella (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with Impella [ECPELLA]).

Contemporary Trends and Comparison of Racial Differences in Hospitalizations of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease.

As advancements in care improve longevity in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), it is crucial to further characterize this rapidly growing adult population. It is also essential that equitable care is offered across demographic groups. Hospitalizations for adults with CHD in the National Inpatient Sample were identified to describe trends in overall and cause-specific rates of admission per 1,000 adults with CHD from 2000 to 2018.

Machine learning based model for risk prediction after ST-Elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the North India ST elevation myocardial infarction (NORIN-STEMI) registry.

Background: Risk prediction following ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in resource limited countries is critical to identify patients at an increased risk of mortality who might benefit from intensive management.

Methods: North India ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NORIN-STEMI) is an ongoing registry that has prospectively enrolled 3,635 STEMI patients. Of these, 3191 patients with first STEMI were included.

Five-year trends in cause-specific readmissions and cost burden of mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate cost trends associated with mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER).

Background: TEER is a treatment option for patients at prohibitive surgical risk with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation and NYHA class III or IV symptoms. The 30-day costs and causes of readmission following TEER have not been well studied.

Guideline based eligibility for primary prevention statin therapy - Insights from the North India ST-elevation myocardial infarction registry (NORIN-STEMI).

Background: Current risk scores to estimate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and allocate statins in at-risk persons have largely been developed in Western populations; their applicability in India is uncertain.

Objective: To assess eligibility for primary prevention statin therapy using the 2018 U.S Multisociety Guideline and other contemporary cholesterol guidelines in patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the North India STEMI (NORIN-STEMI) registry.

The Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation, Mitral Regurgitation, and Heart Failure Subtype: The ARIC Study.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and mitral regurgitation (MR) are closely interrelated in the setting of heart failure (HF). Here we investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of AF in patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF) stratified by MR severity.

Methods And Results: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study investigated ADHF hospitalizations in residents greater than or equal to 55 years of age in 4 US communities.

Evaluation and Management of Heart Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has developed substantially since its inception. Improvements in valve design, valve deployment technologies, preprocedural imaging and increased operator experience have led to a gradual decline in length of hospitalisation after TAVR. Despite these advances, the need for permanent pacemaker implantation for post-TAVR high-degree atrioventricular block (HAVB) has persisted and has well-established risk factors which can be used to identify patients who are at high risk and advise them accordingly.

Effect of government-issued state of emergency and reopening orders on cardiovascular hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: Little is known about the effect of government-issued State of Emergency (SOE) and Reopening orders on health care behaviors. We aimed to determine the effect of SOE and Phase 1 of Reopening orders on hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Methods: Hospitalizations for AMI and ADHF in the UNC Health system, which includes 10 hospitals in both urban and rural counties, were identified.

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Mitral Regurgitation in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The ARIC Study.

Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence and prognostic significance of mitral regurgitation (MR) in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients.

Background: Few studies characterize the burden of MR in heart failure.

Methods: The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study surveilled ADHF hospitalizations for residents ≥55 years of age in 4 U.