Surgeon and advocate: identifying intimate partner violence from craniomaxillofacial injuries.

Objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized as a preventable public health crisis for over 20 years. Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injuries are exceedingly common among victims of IPV. The objective of this study was to determine whether assault due to IPV is different than other types of assault.

What are the Risk Factors for Mortality Among Patients Who Suffer Le Fort III Fractures?

Purpose: Le Fort III fractures are the most severe subtype of the Le Fort fractures and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for mortality among patients who suffer Le Fort III fractures.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was completed using the 2016-2018 National Inpatient Sample.

Geriatric Craniomaxillofacial Fractures: Where do They Happen and Why?

Purpose: The geriatric population is a constantly growing population that is especially vulnerable to trauma. The primary purpose of this study was to determine what factors are associated with increased rates of hospital admission in geriatric patients who sustain craniomaxillofacial fractures secondary to falls.

Materials And Methods: This is a 5-year retrospective cross-sectional study that was conducted using the NEISS database.

Three-Dimensional Repositioning of the Maxilla in Orthognathic Surgery Using Patient-Specific Titanium Plates: A Case Series.

Purpose: Successful orthognathic surgery is fundamentally based on accurately carrying out the intended surgical plan intraoperatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of bone-borne patient-specific maxillary cutting guides and 3-dimensional (3D)-printed plates in repositioning the maxilla during bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective case series consisting of patients who had undergone Le Fort I osteotomy with a patient-specific cutting guide and 3D-printed plate as well as a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and had 6-week postoperative cone-beam computed tomography studies.

Viral mumps: Increasing occurrences in the vaccinated population.

Before the introduction of the vaccine, mumps was the most common salivary gland disease and was one of the most common infectious diseases in children globally. Following the introduction of the mumps vaccine in 1967, the disease was almost nonexistent in the United States and was only found to occur in nonvaccinated patients, and even then, it did not present in epidemic portions because of the extent of vaccination in the population at large. Beginning in the early 2000s, viral mumps began to present itself in vaccinated populations, and currently, outbreaks are continuing to increase in number.

Resorbable Mesh as a Containment System in Mandibular Reconstruction.

The recent advances seen in computer technologies and biomaterials have changed the approach to craniomaxillofacial surgery. In this report, the authors describe the technique of using a resorbable containment system for bone graft in a large mandibular reconstruction patient. The authors provide a patient report with a 1-year follow-up.

Hyposalivation and Xerostomia: Etiology, Complications, and Medical Management.

Saliva is one of the most versatile, multifunctional substances produced by the body and has a critical role in the preservation of the oropharyngeal health. It comprises a serous and mucinous component and is secreted by the major salivary glands. The mucins in the saliva serve to protect and lubricate the hard and soft tissues of the mouth, protecting them from chemical and mechanical damage.

Salivary gland disease in Sjögren's syndrome: sialoadenitis to lymphoma.

Although the cause and molecular pathways of Sjögren's syndrome are still unknown, basic, clinical, and translational science have started to identify linkages to other known processes. With the advent of newer, more sensitive, and more accurate chemokine, cytokine, and genetic analysis, the molecular progression of the disease may be understood. The modern technology of sialoendoscopy to treat obstructive sialoadenitis from mucous plugging, and the addition of rituximab to current chemotherapy, have allowed patients with Sjögren's syndrome to have a better quality of life and, if they develop lymphomatous changes, a significant increase in their disease remission and survival rate.

Physician attire in the military setting: does it make a difference to our patients?

Objective: To examine patient preference regarding physician attire and whether perception of medical competence was influenced by the physician's clothing style.

Methods: New patients presenting to the OB/GYN clinic at the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth were asked to complete a survey regarding patient preference for physcian attire and any effect on their comfort or confidence in the physician.

Results: Surveys were collected over a 2-month period.

Case presentations of salivary gland infections.

Salivary gland infections arise from a wide variety of etiologies: bacteria, localized viruses, systemic viruses, autoimmune diseases, secondary to sialoliths and strictures, and congenital disorders. When dealing with these entities, the diagnosis of the majority of them can be made quickly, although some of the rarer diseases are more difficult to recognize, particularly when they have a more obvious secondary bacterial infection. This article presents six cases and describes their management.

Sialoendoscopy and salivary gland sparing surgery.

Obstructive disease and chronic infections often are managed by extirpative gland surgery. With the advent of new technology and better understanding of salivary physiology, minimally invasive surgical techniques provide the opportunity for safer and less invasive surgery in alternative care settings and the prospect for gland sparing and restoration of normal function. This article describes techniques for managing acute and chronic salivary gland infections using sialoendoscopy.

Dry mouth and its effects on the oral health of elderly people.

Background: The objective of this literature review is to summarize information about the etiology, diagnosis, oral sequelae and treatment of dry mouth in elderly patients.

Types Of Studies Reviewed: The authors conducted a comprehensive review of the English-based scientific literature from the past 10 years. They selected the studies on the basis of clinical investigations to provide an objective assessment of dry mouth problems among older people.

The recognition, physiology, and treatment of medication-induced methemoglobinemia: a case report.

Dapsone is a leprostatic agent commonly prescribed for the management of leprosy, malaria, and the immunosuppression-induced infections of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii. In susceptible patients, methemoglobinemia, a potentially life-threatening event, can occur. We report a case of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia which was observed during general anesthesia for the management of a fractured mandible.

Endoscopic intraoral plating of orbital floor fractures.

Purpose: This article describes a new endoscopic approach for orbital floor fractures, reduction, and fixation and reports the clinical results.

Patients And Methods: Ten patients who sustained either a comminuted or trap door orbital floor fracture were treated in 2 medical centers following the same surgical protocol. The indications for orbital reconstruction were limited eye movement, diplopia, and significant enophthalmos.

Dental management of the gravid patient.

Gravidity is defined as the development of the young in utero. It initiates hormonal, psychological and physiological changes in the female patient, providing the dentist with many questions about the management of these patients. These physiologic alterations, as well as the embryologic development of the fetus, will be discussed along with the treatment alterations that should be considered.

Sialoendoscopy: A new approach to salivary gland obstructive pathology.

Background: During the last 13 years, there has been a growing interest in and use of minimally invasive treatment techniques. Salivary gland endoscopes provide an accurate means of diagnosing and providing minimally invasive surgical treatment for salivary gland diseases.

Methods: The authors review the relevant literature and provide the history of sialoendoscopy.