Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy of Bone Metastases in an Oligometastatic Setting: One-Year Follow-Up of the BONY-M Phase 2 Trial.

Purpose: SABR is increasingly applied to treat oligometastatic disease (OMD). As patients may be asymptomatic, severe toxicity must be carefully balanced with effect in this setting. The BONY-M trial aimed to determine the efficacy and toxicity after SABR of uncomplicated bone metastases in patients with OMD.

Polypharmacy independently predicts survival, hospitalization, and infections in patients with lymphoid cancer.

Polypharmacy is a result of multimorbidity and may limit treatment options in patients with lymphoid cancer (LC). To investigate the clinical impact of polypharmacy, we gathered a prediagnostic 1-year medication history from the Danish prescription register for 46,803 newly diagnosed patients with six lymphoma subtypes, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma (MM). Medication was grouped into individual drug classes ( = 79), polypharmacy, and the number of prescription medications and correlated with overall survival (OS), hospitalization, and severe infection.

Motion artifacts and image quality in stroke MRI: associated factors and impact on AI and human diagnostic accuracy.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of motion artifacts and the factors associated with them in a cohort of suspected stroke patients, and to determine their impact on diagnostic accuracy for both AI and radiologists.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included brain MRI scans of consecutive adult suspected stroke patients from a non-comprehensive Danish stroke center between January and April 2020. An expert neuroradiologist identified acute ischemic, hemorrhagic, and space-occupying lesions as references.

Should chest computed tomography be routine in patients referred to abdominal computed tomography for major emergency abdominal pathology: an exploratory clinical study.

Purpose: The introduction of optimised care bundles in emergency major abdominal surgery has reduced mortality. Core elements are fast diagnostic work-up with abdominal computed tomography (CT) and surgery without delay. Given the diagnostic challenges in patients with abdominal pain, we aimed to investigate if the addition of a full contrast-enhanced chest CT provides additional clinically significant diagnostic information in patients referred to an emergency abdominal CT.

Biplanar radiography for in-vivo assessment of six degrees of freedom glenohumeral kinematics in shoulder osteoarthritis: an intra- and inter-observer reliability study.

Glenohumeral osteoarthritis affects glenohumeral kinematics, but these changes in functional arm positions during upright-standing remain poorly documented. We aimed to explore the use of a biplanar radiography-based methodology for semi-static three-dimensional reconstructions of six degrees of freedom glenohumeral kinematics and to document its reliability for patients with osteoarthritis. Using computed tomography images of ten patinets with glenohumeral osteoarthritis, three-dimensional models of the humerus and scapula were reconstructed, and their anatomic coordinate systems were defined.

Ground reaction force asymmetry underestimates asymmetries in knee joint reaction forces during countermovement jumps.

Inter-limb asymmetry in function or performance is an external measure used in sports science and medicine assessing readiness. How asymmetries propagate and affect internal joint loading is, however, poorly understood. This study presents the first investigation of asymmetries in ground reaction forces and knee joint reaction forces during a countermovement jump.

Reduced Muscle Strength Can Alter the Impact of Gait Modifications on Knee Cartilage Mechanics.

Muscle strength can substantially influence knee joint loading, stability, and cartilage biomechanics, all of which are important factors in the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Noninvasive rehabilitation methods, such as gait modifications, are suggested to effectively alter knee joint loading, potentially helping to prevent or slow KOA progression. However, no studies to date have assessed if reduced lower limb muscle strength can influence the effects of rehabilitation exercises such as gait modifications.

Impact of spectrum bias on deep learning-based stroke MRI analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate spectrum bias in stroke MRI analysis by excluding cases with uncertain acute ischemic lesions (AIL) and examining patient, imaging, and lesion factors associated with these cases.

Materials And Methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included adults with brain MRIs for suspected stroke between January 2020 and April 2022. Diagnostic uncertain AIL were identified through reader disagreement or low certainty grading by a radiology resident, a neuroradiologist, and the original radiology report consisting of various neuroradiologists.

Waves of Colonization and Gene Flow in a Great Speciator.

Secondary contact between previously allopatric lineages offers a test of reproductive isolating mechanisms that may have accrued in isolation. Such instances of contact can produce stable hybrid zones-where reproductive isolation can further develop via reinforcement or phenotypic displacement-or result in the lineages merging. Ongoing secondary contact is most visible in continental systems, where steady input from parental taxa can occur readily.

Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints.

Introduction: Glenohumeral (GH) stability is a delicate interplay between bony congruence, muscle contraction, and ligamentous or capsular stability that can be disrupted by pathologies such as rotator cuff (RC) tears. We aimed to develop an advanced musculoskeletal shoulder model that incorporates subject-specific GH joint contact, active and passive muscle stability, and mechanical properties of ligaments to calculate GH translation using force-dependent kinematics (FDK). We hypothesized that inferior-superior GH translation computed using this model are consistent with GH translation measured by dynamic uniplanar fluoroscopy in healthy shoulders and in shoulders with partial or full RC tears, and that muscle and joint forces computed using the FDK shoulder model are higher than those of the default shoulder model.

Acute effects of soleus EMG biofeedback training on tibiofemoral joint contact forces in young healthy adults.

Articular cartilage health depends on optimal joint loading. Both insufficient and excessive loading may lead to catabolic effects in cartilage, which contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. This study investigates the effects of real-time biofeedback from soleus muscle activity on tibiofemoral joint loading during walking.

Confined and unconfined articular cartilage mechanics: Effect of creep duration on estimations of mechanical properties.

Recent findings suggest that cartilage mechanical function may be a biomarker for early osteoarthritis (OA) pathology. Thus, the development of methodologies for in-vivo applications has expanded. However, when creep tests are performed, inconsistency in applied stress and testing duration impede meaningful comparisons.

Island size shapes genomic diversity in a great speciator (Aves: ).

Islands have long represented natural laboratories for studying many aspects of ecology and evolutionary biology, from speciation to community assembly. One aspect that has been well documented is the correlation between island size and taxonomic diversity, likely due to decreased complexity and population size on small islands. This same logic can apply to genetic diversity, which should predictably decrease with effective population size.

Stackable Guides: Digital Workflows for Full Arch Dental Implant Rehabilitation.

Computer-guided full-arch dental rehabilitation, which is highly technique-sensitive, benefits from advancements in 3-dimensional-printed guides and open-source software. Critical pre-surgical planning includes patient selection, health history evaluations, and detailed imaging like cone beam computed tomography scans. Various surgical guides-freehand, static, dynamic, stackable, and interchangeable-are used based on case complexity, with stackable guides improving workflow efficiency.

Influence of the Initial Guess on the Estimation of Knee Ligament Parameters via Optimization Procedures.

Optimization procedures provide ligament parameters by minimizing the difference between experimental measurements and computational simulations. Literature values are used as initial guesses of ligament parameters for these optimization procedures. However, it remains unknown how these values affect the estimation of ligament parameters.

A method for comparing MRI sequences of the knee for segmentation based on morphological features.

Background: In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segmentation research, the choice of sequence influences the segmentation accuracy. This study introduces a method to compare sequences. By aligning sequences with specific segmentation objectives, we provide an example of a comparative analysis of various sequences for knee images.

Methodology to identify subject-specific dynamic laxity tests to stretch individual parts of knee ligaments.

The mechanical properties of ligaments are important for multiple applications and are often estimated from laxity tests. However, the typical laxity tests are not optimized for this application and, a potential exists to develop better laxity tests in this respect. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a methodology to identify optimal, dynamic laxity tests that isolate the stretch of the individual ligaments from each other.

Data Resource Profile: The Danish National Hospital Medicine Register.

Purpose: The Danish National Hospital Medicine Register (SMR) was established in 2018 to centralize and standardize medication use data across Danish hospitals. This task was previously managed by individual hospital registration systems across the five regions. This initiative addresses the need for a unified, detailed understanding of hospital medication use to monitor healthcare delivery, improve patient outcomes, and support research.

Drug exposure and measurable residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic review.

For fixed-duration therapies against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) predicts overall and progression-free survival more accurately than complete remission. For indefinite therapies, MRD status can direct discontinuation of treatment. We systematically reviewed the relationship between antineoplastic drug exposures and undetectable MRD in CLL.

Impact of thrombocytopenia on bleeding and thrombotic outcomes in adults with cancer-associated splanchnic vein thrombosis.

Malignancy is a risk factor for splanchnic vein thrombosis (SpVT). Data on the natural history of cancer-associated SpVT are limited. This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 581 adult patients with cancer and SpVT.

Imaging the pancreas with photon-counting CT - A review of normal pancreatic anatomy.

Purpose: Compared to conventional energy integrating detector CT, Photon-Counting CT (PCCT) has the advantage of increased spatial resolution. The pancreas is a highly complex organ anatomically. The increased spatial resolution of PCCT challenges radiologists' knowledge of pancreatic anatomy.