A century-long eddy-resolving simulation of global oceanic large- and mesoscale state.

Investigating oceanic variations at multiple spatial and temporal scales is vital for an in-depth understanding of the ocean response to global climate change. However, the available observational datasets contain uncertainties and deficiencies that leave them insufficient for investigating global ocean variability with long temporal scales and/or meso spatial scales. Here, we present a daily and century-long (1901-2010) global oceanic simulation dataset with high resolution (1/10° horizontal resolution and 55 vertical layers) forced by 6-hour atmospheric data from ERA-20C.

Lagrangian eddy kinetic energy of ocean mesoscale eddies and its application to the Northwestern Pacific.

Coherent oceanic mesoscale eddies with unique dynamical structures have great impacts on ocean transports and global climate. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE), derived from time-dependent circulation, is commonly used to study mesoscale eddies. However, there are three deficiencies of EKE when focusing on the analysis of coherent mesoscale eddies.

Two regimes of Atlantic multidecadal oscillation: cross-basin dependent or Atlantic-intrinsic.

The Atlantic Multidedal Oscillation (AMO) is a prominent mode of sea surface temperature variability in the Atlantic and incurs significant global influence. Most coupled models failed to reproduce the observed 50-80-year AMO, but were overwhelmed by a 10-30-year AMO. Here we show that the 50-80-year AMO and 10-30-year AMO represent two different AMO regimes.