Proximal humerus fractures treated with Proximal Humerus Inter Locking system: minimum 10-year clinical and radiological outcomes.

Background: The long-term outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation with anatomical locking plates for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) remain under-reported. Most literature has focused on short- to mid-term results, with limited data beyond a decade. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes at a minimum of 10 years postoperatively, in a consecutive series managed with a standardized surgical technique.

Does biceps tenodesis screw with forked eyelet decrease the risk of Popeye deformity when compared to traditional closed eyelet screws?

Objective: While many biomechanical studies have compared various biotenodesis materials for biceps tenodesis, there is a lack of research comparing different types of interference screws. This study aimed to compare the impact of a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) forked eyelet tenodesis screw with the traditional PEEK closed eyelet whipstitching technique. The focus was on evaluating the occurrence of Popeye deformity, which is an objective predictor of a successful arthroscopic suprapectoral long head of biceps tenodesis.

EPHRIN-A1 and -A2 act as positive growth factors for developing spiral ganglion radial bundles.

During the formation of the auditory system in mammals, spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) form ribbon-type synapses with hair cells in the cochlea to establish the first "sensorineural" component of sound transduction. Ahead of synapse formation in the cochlea, the SGNs undergo migration and extension with developing Schwann and otic mesenchyme cells to form radial bundles, fasciculated groups of nerve fibers found between the SGN somata and hair cells. Thus far, reports have shown that Eph/Ephrin signaling is important for the formation of radial bundles.

Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages.

This protocol details general histology methods for preparing inner ear samples from embryonic, neonatal, and adult mice. The purpose of this protocol is to provide a straightforward and standardized method for inner ear tissue processing for researchers, possibly new to the field, interested in working with the mouse cochlea. Included here are protocols for dissection, fixation, embedding, cryosectioning, and immunostaining.

Core curriculum of shoulder and elbow surgery: the proposal from the European Society for Surgery of the Shoulder and Elbow.

Background: Subspecialization in orthopedic surgery has become the standard approach due to the expanding body of medical knowledge. Shoulder and elbow surgery is a growing subspecialty, but it still faces challenges with undefined training standards, unclear competency levels, and a lack of delineated professional responsibilities. To address this, the European Society for Surgery of the Shoulder and Elbow-societe european chirurgie epaule et coude (ESSSE-SECEC) aims to create a core curriculum (CC) to standardize knowledge and skills within this field.

Three-Point Contact Repair Technique for Partial Subscapularis Tears Using U-Stitch and Cow Hitch Knot Loaded on a Single Knotless Anchor: Simple, Reliable and Quick Method.

The importance of repairing the subscapularis tendon to facilitate restoration of the rotator cuff force couple is obvious. However, identifying and repairing subscapularis tears can be challenging for surgeons. In this technical note, we present our preferred surgical method for Lafosse type 1, 2, and 3 and Yoo and Rhee type 1-2A and 2B subscapularis tears, providing a 3-point suture contact achieved with FiberTape (Arthrex) and knotless anchors.

Validation of Novel Image Processing Method for Objective Quantification of Intra-Articular Bleeding During Arthroscopic Procedures.

Visual clarity is crucial for shoulder arthroscopy, directly influencing surgical precision and outcomes. Despite advances in imaging technology, intraoperative bleeding remains a significant obstacle to optimal visibility, with subjective evaluation methods lacking consistency and standardization. This study proposes a novel image processing system to objectively quantify bleeding and assess surgical effectiveness.

The impact of acromial morphology on the localization and size of calcific tendonitis in the rotator cuff.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between acromial morphology and the incidence and extent of calcific tendonitis.

Methods: Ninety-two patients (33 male, 59 female; mean age: 47 ± 9.7) with calcific tendonitis were included in this retrospective study.

A comprehensive review of scapulothoracic abnormal motion (STAM): evaluation, classification, and treatment strategies.

The term "dyskinesia" has often been used interchangeably with "winging," leading to ambiguity in the literature. To address this, the broader term "scapulothoracic abnormal motion (STAM)" was introduced to describe any abnormal position or movement of the scapula on the chest, resulting in pain and dysfunction. Scapulothoracic abnormal motion has a wide range of causes, including musculoskeletal imbalances such as pectoralis minor hyperactivity, neurological impairments such as long thoracic nerve palsy, and genetic conditions like facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD).

In silico analysis of rib force distribution in postscapulothoracic arthrodesis model.

Scapulothoracic arthrodesis (STA) is carried out by fixing the scapula to thoracic ribs which in turn allows the patient suffering from Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy to carry out shoulder-joint dependent activities of daily living. A biomechanical analysis of this procedure has not been conducted in the literature and, for the first time, this study investigates the finite element calculated glenohumeral-applied load distributions on ribs by creating a post-STA model. Three loading directions on the glenohumeral joint are designated: anterior-posterior, superior-inferior, and lateral-medial.

Intraoperative fluoroscopic safety assessment of femoral head implants with 3-dimensional risk parameters to minimize cut-out.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce a method to extract the 3-dimensional spatial position of the femoral head implant from 2-dimensional fluoroscopic projections, allowing surgeons to assess fixation much more accurately and prevent cut-out complications in proximal femoral nailing.

Methods: To define a safety region for the tip in the femoral head, a novel 3-dimensional distance-based risk parameter called TSD3D was introduced. An intersection algorithm was developed that solely takes the fluoroscopic anteroposterior and lateral distances to reveal the 3-dimensional location of the screw or Kirschner wire tip, enabling the utilization of the 3-dimensional parameter.

Functional outcomes of pediatric true and equivalent Monteggia fractures - Review of the literature.

Background: This study aims to describe the functional outcome of true and equivalent Monteggia fracture-dislocations in the pediatric population. We also provided a review of the literature about the treatment options.

Methods: Five surgically and three conservatively treated patients were identified who were treated in 2009-2021.

Erector Spinae Plane Block for Scapulothoracic Arthrodesis for Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy Patients: A Case Series.

Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) typically affects the periscapular muscles, resulting in scapular winging. Scapulothoracic arthrodesis (STA) stabilizes the scapula to provide better movement for these patients. Analgesia regimen for FSHD patients who received a single-shot erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and a catheter at the area were retrospectively analyzed in this study.

Comparison of anterior suprascapular nerve block versus interscalane nerve block in terms of diaphragm paralysis in arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a prospective randomized clinical study.

Objective: This prospective, randomized study aimed to compare anterior suprascapular nerve block versus interscalene block in terms of diaphragm paralysis in arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Methods: Fifty-two patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy surgery were prospectively randomly assigned to interscalene block (n=25) or anterior suprascapular nerve block groups (n=27) (each group receiving 5 mL, 0.5% bupivacaine).

Management of scapular dysfunction in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: the biomechanics of winging, arthrodesis indications, techniques and outcomes.

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a common hereditary disorder which typically results in scapular winging due to wasting of the periscapular muscles affected by this condition. Scapulothoracic arthrodesis (STA) is the current surgical treatment for FSHD patients with severe winging and preserved deltoid muscle. There are several different techniques in the literature such as multifilament cables alone and cable or cerclage wires combined with single or multiple plates.

Turkish version of the patient-based Constant-Murley Score: Its cross-cultural adaptation, validity, reliability and comparison with the clinician-based version.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt the patient-based Constant-Murley Score (p-CMS), assess its validity, reliability, and compare it with the clinician-based CMS (c-CMS).

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 51 shoulders of 46 patients (22 males, 24 females; mean age: 49±10 years; range, 29 to 70 years) with shoulder pain between December 2015 and July 2016. After translation of p-CMS, each participant was asked to complete the final Turkish version of the p-CMS.

Cognitive functions in episodic vestibular disorders: Meniere's disease and vestibular migraine.

Background: Cognitive deficits have been defined in patients with bilateral and unilateral vestibular loss.

Objective: To investigate cognitive functions in patients with episodic vestibular disorders.

Methods: Nineteen patients with Meniere's disease (MD), 19 patients with vestibular migraine (VM) and 21 age and education matched healthy controls were studied.

Defining Key Features of Complex Coronary Lesions: An Evidence Based Review of Clinical Practice. Part II: Chronic Total Occlusions, Graft Interventions, In-Stent Restenosis, and Antithrombotic Strategies.

Clinicians have long recognized that certain features of coronary artery lesions increase the complexity of intervention. Complex lesions are associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes and a higher risk of subsequent ischemic events. These lesions are categorized by their angiographic features.

Corticosteroid-Refractory Myositis After Dual BRAF and MEK Inhibition in a Patient with BRAF V600E-Mutant Metastatic Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is rich in actionable alterations. Genomic aberrations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway are common, and exon 15 p.V600E mutations are present in 5-7% of biliary tract cancers (BTC).

Intraosseous calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff yields similar outcomes to those of intratendinous lesions despite worse preoperative scores.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of arthroscopic removal of intraosseous deposits in patients with intraosseous calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff.

Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of 96 patients operated on from 2004 to 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to the location of calcific deposits.

Patients without re-dislocation in the short term after arthroscopic knotless Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability may show residual apprehension and recurrence in the long term after 5 years.

Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to report the long-term results, residual instability, and recurrence rate of arthroscopic Bankart repair surgery without a re-dislocation event in the first 5 years.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of Bankart repairs performed in a single center, by a single surgeon, with a minimum of 5 years' follow-up. Patients without a re-dislocation in the first 5 years of surgery were included.