Prognostic importance of multiple objective nutrition screening indexes in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator: A retrospective observational study.

Background: The role of objective nutritional screening indexes in guiding treatment decisions and predicting prognosis in hyperacute stroke remains to be elucidated.

Methods: The modifying effects of nine biochemical parameters (albumin, globulin, blood urea nitrogen [BUN], creatinine, total lymphocyte count, AST, ALT, total cholesterol, triglycerides), three derived ratios (albumin-to-globulin, AST-to-ALT, BUN-to-creatinine), and seven objective nutritional indexes-namely CONUT (Controlling Nutritional Status score), PNI (Prognostic Nutritional Index), GNRI (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index), INA (Instant Nutritional Assessment), AGS (Albumin-Globulin Score), TCBI (Triglyceride-Total Cholesterol-Body Weight Index), and CPNI (Cholesterol-modified Prognostic Nutritional Index)-were evaluated with respect to clinical outcomes in a cohort of 299 patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA). Discriminative efficacy was considered clinically meaningful when the lower bound of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) reached or exceeded 0.

Expert opinion on the current conceptual, clinical and therapeutic aspects of disease related malnutrition and muscle loss: a multidisciplinary perspective.

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) and muscle related conditions (i.e., muscle loss, sarcopenia, and frailty) are overlapping but still underappreciated conditions, which independently and synergistically contribute to an increased risk of adverse health outcomes.

Knee hyperextension in chronic stroke: Associated biomechanical and neuromuscular factors.

Background: This study aimed to determine the gait phase in which knee hyperextension occurs in stroke patients and to investigate the factors associated with knee hyperextension.

Methods: This study included 30 stroke patients aged between 40 and 70 years with maximum knee hyperextension during the stance phase of gait. Muscle strength was evaluated with manual muscle test, and muscle tone was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale.

Role of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in Detecting and Excluding Ischemic Stroke in the Emergency Department: A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: To determine whether color doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) can be used as an alternative test to cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA) by detecting vascular occlusions at the bedside in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: This is a prospective, observational, and single-center study. It was performed on patients aged 18 years and older who were examined with a preliminary diagnosis of ischemic stroke and presented to an ED within the first 48 hours after the onset of symptoms.

Subclinical atherosclerosis and sarcopenia: A prospective study.

The relationship between subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis and sarcopenia has not been clarified in many respects. In this study, the possible relationship between composite clinical sarcopenia indices and various levels of subclinical atherosclerosis parameters was revisited. The Ishii score (Ishii-max and Ishii-average) was used to determine sarcopenia in 257 prospectively recruited healthy controls and patients with neurological diseases (age: 65 ± 10 years, 50% female).

Cerebral arterial collateral status, but not venous outflow profiles, modifies the effect of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: The role of arterial collateral and venous outflow status on the response to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) has not been sufficiently clarified in acute major cerebral occlusions.

Patients And Methods: A total of 130 patients (mean age: 71 years; 73 females) with acute middle cerebral artery M1/M2 segment or terminal internal carotid artery occlusion treated solely with IV-tPA were analyzed. Regional leptomeningeal score (rLMC) was used for cerebral arterial collateral scoring, and the cortical vein opacification score (COVES) and modified Prognostic Evaluation based on Cortical vein score difference In Stroke (PRECISE) superficial and deep scores were used for venous outflow profile.

Pectoralis major muscle index as an opportunistic predictor of mortality in acute stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Background: Premorbid sarcopenia in acute stroke indicates poor prognosis. Since formal sarcopenia tests cannot be performed, the muscle features imaged in diagnostic studies are opportunistically used as surrogates for sarcopenia in the acute period.

Methods: In 110 consecutive acute ischemic anterior circulation stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator alone (mean age: 73±13 years, 55% women), the cross-sectional area (CSA) and attenuation of pectoralis major and minor muscles and mediastinal adipose tissue were measured at admission computed tomography (CT) angiography source images.

Utilization of flat-panel detector computed tomography for evaluation of COVID-19 pneumonia during neurointerventional procedures.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the imaging findings of the chest flat panel detector computed tomography (FDCT) among coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) positive patients during urgent/emergent interventional neuroradiologic procedures.

Materials And Methods: Chest FDCT examinations were performed using a C-arm mounted FDCT within the interventional radiology (IR) suite if the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results were pending in patients with clinical findings suggestive of COVID-19. In those who already had positive RT-PCR results, FDCT was performed for acute evaluation only if an acute unexpected cardiopulmonary event occurred during the procedure.

Impact of low muscle mass and bone mineral density on long-term outcomes of acute ischemic stroke: A prospective study.

Background: Premorbid sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and obesity are epiphenomena that affect survival and functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The effects of preexisting sarcopenia and/or osteopenia on long-term outcome after ischemic stroke were herein prospectively studied.

Methods: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DeXA), bio-impedance analysis (BIA) and muscle ultrasonography (US) data were prospectively collected within the first 72 h in 297 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (45.

Investigation the effect of rigid taping on knee and hip joint kinematics in chronic stroke patients with knee hyperextension gait.

Background: Although stroke patients gain an advantage in gait due to the knee hyperextension that occurs during the stance phase, this situation disrupts the biomechanical structure of the knee and increases the risk of injury to the capsular and ligamentous structures. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of rigid taping on hyperextension control and pelvic kinematics in stroke patients with knee hyperextension during the stance phase of gait.

Research Question: Does rigid taping have an effect on hyperextension control and pelvic kinematics in stroke patients with knee hyperextension?

Methods: Thirty stroke patients aged between 40 and 70 were included in this pre-postintervention study.

Effects of the eccentric chin closure exercise on submental muscle activation, muscle strength, dysphagia limit, perceived exertion and pain in healthy volunteers: A prospective, randomized parallel group study.

Objective(s): Eccentric Chin Closure (ECC) exercise is a model designed to strengthen the suprahyoid muscles, aligned with the principles of eccentric exercise and the characteristics of these muscles. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the ECC exercise on submental muscle activation, muscle strength, dysphagia limit, perceived exertion, and pain, in comparison to the Shaker and Chin-Tuck Against Resistance (CTAR) exercises.

Methods: In this parallel randomized controlled trial, for the initial assessment fifty-four healthy volunteers aged between 19-28 years with submental activations were recorded during the isotonic components of the Shaker, CTAR, and ECC exercises using surface electromyography.

Pre-Stroke Frailty Negatively Affects Leptomeningeal Collateral Flow in Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.

Introduction: The adequacy of blood flow from the leptomeningeal collaterals is considered one of the most important factors determining the rate of infarct progression and response to acute stroke treatments in the setting of large vessel occlusions. Several patient-related variables, including age, vascular risk factors, and laboratory parameters, have been proposed to explain the interindividual variability of collateral flow among stroke patients. This study aimed to assess how pre-stroke frailty, an aging-related syndrome characterized by a loss in the physiologic reserve of numerous body functions, affected the degree of leptomeningeal collateral flow in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.

The relationship between bone health and type of intracranial internal carotid calcifications in patients with ischemic stroke.

Introduction: Vascular calcifications, primarily in the aorta and its proximal branches, are commonly observed among subjects with impaired bone health. In this study, we sought to determine if a comparable association holds true for the calcifications in the intracranial internal carotid arteries (IICA), in general and also for particular calcification patterns.

Methods: A consecutive series of ischemic stroke patients were prospectively enrolled into the study, where computed tomography angiography source images were used to determine the presence and type of IICA calcifications, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine the bone mineral density in the left femoral neck region.

Muscle mass as a modifier of stress response in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Stroke triggers a systemic inflammatory response over the ensuing days after the cerebral insult. The age and comorbidities of the stroke population make them a vulnerable population for low muscle mass and sarcopenia, the latter being another clinical condition that is closely associated with inflammation, as shown by increased levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In this study, we evaluated the relationship between post-stroke NLR changes and muscle mass in a prospective cohort of acute ischemic stroke patients (n = 102) enrolled in the Muscle Assessment in Stroke Study Turkey (MASS-TR).

Hybrid PET/MRI with Flutemetamol and FDG in Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Continuum.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the interaction between β -amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and cerebral glucose metabolism, cerebral perfusion, and cerebral structural changes in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical continuum.

Background: Utility of positron emission tomography (PET) / magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hybrid imaging for diagnostic categorization of the AD clinical continuum including subjective cognitive decline (SCD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) has not been fully crystallized.

Objective: To evaluate the interaction between Aβ accumulation and cerebral glucose metabolism, cerebral perfusion, and cerebral structural changes such as cortex thickness or cerebral white matter disease burden and to detect the discriminative yields of these imaging modalities in the AD clinical continuum.

Enteral nutrition consensus report from KEPAN: Indications, choice, practical application, and follow-up.

Objectives: Clinicians are in need of guidance that will ease the application of medical nutrition therapy. In order to facilitate the application and success of medical nutrition therapy, the Turkish Clinical Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Society (KEPAN) planned a report that is short, is clear, and has clear-cut recommendations that will guide health care professionals in the indications, choice, practical application, follow-up, and stopping of enteral nutrition.

Methods: The enteral nutrition consensus report on enteral nutrition use in medical nutrition therapy was developed by a study group (12 working group academicians and 17 expert group academicians) under the organization of KEPAN.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Ischemic Stroke.

Purpose Of Review: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in VNS for treating ischemic stroke. This review discusses the evidence supporting VNS as a treatment option for ischemic stroke and elucidates its underlying mechanisms.

Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density and Response to Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

The importance of Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density (CAPATd), a parameter that can be readily evaluated on emergency computed tomographic angiography (CTA), in acute stroke has not been adequately clarified. We created exploratory logistic regression models to detect the interaction between the effect of CAPATd and intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in 174 patients (mean age 71 ± 14 years, 94 women) with acute ischemic stroke treated with IV-tPA alone. The CAPATd-average mean (-60.

Determinants of in-hospital muscle loss in acute ischemic stroke - Results of the Muscle Assessment in Stroke Study (MASS).

Background & Aims: There is a change in the mass and composition of paretic and non-paretic skeletal muscles in the chronic phase of stroke. The multi-center, prospective, and observational Muscle Assessment in Stroke Study (MASS) was performed to evaluate the degree of muscle loss during the in-hospital acute stroke setting and determine factors contributing to this loss.

Methods: Acute dysphagic ischemic stroke patients (n = 107) admitted to neuro-intensive care units were evaluated by computed tomography on days 1 and 14 after admission to determine the cross-sectional muscle area (CSMA) at the level of the mid-humerus, mid-thigh, and third lumbar vertebra.

Acute stroke management in Turkey: Current situation and future projection.

In Turkey, the incidence of acute stroke is increasing, obviously with the contribution of the aging population. With the publication of "Directive on Health Services to be Provided to Patients with Acute Stroke" on July 18, 2019 and its entry into force in March 2021, an important period of catching up and updating has begun in the management of acute stroke patients in our country. During this period, 57 comprehensive stroke centers and 51 primary stroke centers were certified.

Acute stroke in familial Mediterranean fever: An analysis of 23 new cases and systematic review of the literature.

Objective: The nature of neurovascular involvement in cases of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) has not been adequately clarified.

Methods And Patients: Clinical features, infarct topography, vascular status, and stroke etiology were prospectively determined in 35 acute neurovascular events that occurred in 23 FMF patients. Clinicoradiological features were compared with an age- and gender-matched control group of 115 acute stroke patients.

Clinical pharmacist's contribution to treatment adherence and quality of life in patients with stroke.

Primary Objective: The optimal treatment adherence rate among patients with stroke is low. This study aims to determine the effect of clinical pharmacists' intervention on treatment adherence and quality of life (QOL) in patients with first-ever stroke.

Research Design: This open, controlled, prospective and interventional study was conducted sequentially at two different university hospitals for 3 months.

Assessment of safety and feasibility of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of acute stroke.

Background: Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) using a hand-held stimulator placed on the neck is an FDA-approved treatment for primary headache disorders. The safety of nVNS is unknown in stroke patients.

Objective: To assess the safety and feasibility of nVNS for the acute treatment of stroke.