The impact of the role of cytokines on HIV infection in people living with HIV with and without comorbidities.

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes a deterioration of the immune system. Changes in cytokine levels are seen in HIV infection and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. This study evaluated cytokine levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of genes associated with HIV infection and the development of comorbidities.

Multiple sources of pollutants reaching the Doce River in southeastern Brazil basin and their impact on benthic Diptera (Chironomidae) biology.

The collapse of the Fundão Dam, in the Rio Doce Basin (DRB), released tons of metal-rich waste that spread across the basin and reached the sea. Chemicals present in tailings and other sources located along the DRB can influence benthic organisms such as Chironomidae (Diptera). This study aimed to investigate the consequences of subchronic sediment exposure (sampled in the 2019 dry season) from different segments (six sites) of the DRB on Chironomus sancticaroli larvae.

Elucidating mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants from Doce River in Brazilian fish embryos using metabolomics and chemometric methods.

Mining and other essential economic activities have a long historical contamination impact on diverse aquatic environments, such as the Doce River Basin (DRB), in Southeast Brazil. High concentrations of metals combined with organic chemicals released from multiple sources of contaminants may trigger complex toxicity pathways that are complicated to interpret and distinguish. This study aimed to investigate mechanisms of toxicity of environmental chemicals from DRB using a comprehensive untargeted LC-HRMS metabolomics approach (data-independent acquisition of all ion-fragmentation mode), in fish embryos (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to complex chemical mixtures.

Ripening stage impacts nutritional components, antiglycemic potential, digestibility and antioxidant properties of grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) fruit.

This study aimed to determine the nutritional components (macronutrients ans minerals) and α-amylase inhibition capacity of freeze-dried grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam) seeds (S) and pulp/peel (P) portions, at ripe and mid-ripe stages. In vitro digestion was also performed on S and P from grumixama to assess the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compound (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and anthocyanins (TAC), as well as to examine their impact on antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP). The ripening process impacts the bioactive compounds and individual phenolics of S and P portions.

Can pharmaceutical care decrease the oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in oxidative stress, which is itself related to development of T2D's main chronic complications. Oxidative stress caused by elevated production of reactive species of oxygen and decrease of antioxidant defense system level, leads to activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and oxidative lipoprotein modification with increasing atherogenicity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether pharmacotherapeutic follow-up in patients with T2D, users and non-users of insulin, interferes with the levels of oxidative stress, measuring lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase levels.

Microwave-assisted extraction based on emulsion breaking with natural deep eutectic solvent for vegetable oil sample preparation prior to elemental determination by ICP OES.

This study presents a novel and efficient method for the extraction of Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn in vegetable oil samples using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) as an extractor combined with microwave radiation (MW) in an emulsion system. The NADES prepared with choline chloride:oxalic acid:water (1:1:4 molar ratio) provided a high extraction rate using 5.0 mL of the sample, 1.

In vitro Bioaccessibility of Proteins, Phenolics, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Amaranthus viridis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition, mineral content and report the effect of gastrointestinal digestion on the proteins, phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of morphological parts of Amaranthus viridis (AV). The macronutrients found in the greatest quantity were proteins (leave, inflorescence and seeds) and fiber (roots and stem). The main minerals were calcium, potassium, iron and zinc.

Biocompatible gum arabic-gold nanorod composite as an effective therapy for mistreated melanomas.

Advanced melanoma patients that are not included in common genetic classificatory groups lack effective and safe therapeutic options. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy show unsatisfactory results and devastating adverse effects for these called triple wild-type patients. New approaches exploring the intrinsic antitumor properties of gold nanoparticles might reverse this scenario as a safer and more effective alternative.

Mineral Content, Antioxidant Activity and Essential Oil of Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) Radlk. Leaves: Plant from South American Biodiversity.

Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil.