Adverse events of cephalosporins in the pediatric population: a comprehensive review.

Background: Cephalosporins are the second most prescribed antibiotics worldwide and are applied for a wide range of infective indications. However, there is limited information about the toxicity profile of cephalosporins in pediatrics. Consequently, the aim of this narrative review is to provide a complete overview of the toxicity associated with cephalosporin treatment in children.

A Dutch nationwide pediatric cardiac arrest registry with long-term follow-up - towards an international prognostication guideline.

Aims: Pediatric cardiac arrest is associated with high mortality and significant morbidity among survivors. International guidelines for prognostication remain limited due to small heterogeneous patient populations, variable post-return of circulation diagnostics, and insufficient long-term follow-up. Pediatric Resuscitation Prognostication and Outcomes Registry (PROGNOSE) is a Dutch nationwide, multicenter registry aiming to standardize data collection, establish uniform neuromonitoring reporting, and implement structured follow-up protocols.

The Full Burden of RSV-related Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admissions During Infancy: A Prospective National Study (BRICK Study).

Background: Worldwide, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections during infancy. Approximately 5% of hospitalized infants require pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Our objective was to capture a complete overview of the PICU admission, including the yet unseen burden, to understand the full clinical impact of new preventive interventions.

Residents' Experiences of Learning, Working, and Developing in Entrustable Professional Activity-Based Training.

Introduction: Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA)-based residency programmes are designed to offer structure, flexibility, and a gradual increase in autonomy. While residents are expected to take an active role in their learning, little is known about how they actually experience learning and working within the EPA framework. This study explores paediatric residents' experiences of learning, working, and developing within an EPA-based training programme.

Bridging hospital to home for children with medical complexity and their families: an observational prospective cohort study protocol to assess the effectiveness of an innovative transitional care unit in the Netherlands (BRIDGE study).

Introduction: Children with Medical Complexities (CMC) often require 24/7 expert care, which frequently necessitates prolonged (re)admissions to a university medical centre (UMC), thereby impeding discharge to home. The transition from hospital to home for CMC is a multifaceted process with numerous challenges and obstacles. This protocol describes the evaluation of an innovative transitional care unit (TCU), where families can stay together in a home-like environment between hospital and home.

Leveraging Clinical Data to Enhance the Performance Evaluation of Ceftriaxone Population Pharmacokinetic Models in Children.

Introduction: Sepsis affects approximately 8% of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions in high-income countries. Ceftriaxone, a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, is widely used for treating severe infections and bacterial meningitis in children. Despite its frequent use, limited studies address the population pharmacokinetic (popPK) of ceftriaxone in pediatrics.

Hemostatic Outcome Definitions in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Challenges in Cohorts From Rotterdam (2019-2023) and Melbourne (2016-2022).

Objectives: To determine if a priori standardization of outcome hemostatic definitions alone was adequate to enable useful comparison between two cohorts of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients, managed according to local practice and protocol.

Design: Comparison of two separate prospective cohort studies performed at different centers with standardized outcome definitions agreed upon a priori.

Setting: General and cardiac PICUs at the Royal Children's Hospital (RCH) in Melbourne, Australia, and the Sophia Children's Hospital (SCH) in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Career coaching to support medical student career decision-making: a randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated whether career coaching can reduce medical students' career decision-making stress through clarifying students' self-concept, increasing career decision self-efficacy, and lowering perceived time pressure to make a career decision. We evaluated the effectiveness of a coaching intervention (including five individual coaching sessions over eight months) using a randomized-waitlist controlled trial design. Participating medical master's students completed a first survey (T1).

Prognostic Value of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Predictive Value of Normal Magnetic Resonance Imaging for a Favorable Two-Year Outcome.

Background: Determine the predictive value of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings less than or equal to seven days post-pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for long-term outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included children (zero to 17 years) with OHCA admitted to a tertiary care hospital pediatrc intensive care unit from 2012 to 2020 who underwent brain MRI at most seven days postarrest. A neuroimaging scoring system was designed, using T1-, T2-, and diffusion-weighted images based on previously published scores and brain injury patterns.

Multidimensional 1-Year Outcomes After Intensive Care Admission for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic gave rise to uncertainty concerning potential sequelae related to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. This landscape is currently unfolding with studies reporting sequelae on various domains (physical, cognitive, and psychosocial), although most studies focus on adults or only one domain. We sought to investigate concurrent sequelae on multiple domains 1 year after PICU admission for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

An open source autoregulation-based neuromonitoring algorithm shows PRx and optimal CPP association with pediatric traumatic brain injury.

This study aimed to develop an open-source algorithm for the pressure-reactivity index (PRx) to monitor cerebral autoregulation (CA) in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and compared derived optimal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPopt) with real-time CPP in relation to long-term outcome. Retrospective study in children (< 18 years) with sTBI admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring between 2016 and 2023. ICP was analyzed on an insult basis and correlated with outcome.

Healthcare costs related to respiratory syncytial virus in paediatric intensive care units in the Netherlands: a nationwide prospective observational study (the BRICK study).

Background: The implementation of the approved respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) preventive interventions in immunisation programmes is advancing rapidly. Insight into healthcare costs of RSV-related paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions is lacking, but of great importance to evaluate the impact of implementation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the total annual RSV-related paediatric intensive care healthcare costs in the Netherlands.

Lifelong development in medicine: a thematic analysis of coaching goals throughout medical careers.

Objectives: Healthcare grapples with staff shortages and rising burnout rates for medical students, residents and specialists. To prioritise both their well-being and the delivery of high-quality patient care, it becomes imperative to deepen our understanding of physicians' developmental aims and needs. Our first aim is, therefore, to gain comprehensive insights into the specific developmental aims physicians prioritise by examining the coaching goals they set at the beginning of coaching.

An 18-year, single centre, retrospective study of long-term neurological outcomes in paediatric submersion-related cardiac arrests.

Aim: Investigate long-term outcome in paediatric submersion-related cardiac arrests (CA).

Methods: Children (age one day-17 years) were included if admitted to the Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, after drowning with CA, between 2002 and 2019. Primary outcome was survival with favourable neurological outcome, defined as a Paediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) score of 1-3 at longest available follow-up.

When will the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Former Preterm Neonates Catch up with Their Term Peers?

Aims: Whether and when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in preterms catches up with term peers is unknown. This study aims to develop a GFR maturation model for (pre)term-born individuals from birth to 18 years of age. Secondarily, the function is applied to data of different renally excreted drugs.

Nasopharyngeal microbiota in children is associated with severe asthma exacerbations.

Background: The respiratory microbiome has been associated with the etiology and disease course of asthma.

Objective: We sought to assess the nasopharyngeal microbiota in children with a severe asthma exacerbation and their associations with medication, air quality, and viral infection.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among children aged 2 to 18 years admitted to the medium care unit (MCU; n = 84) or intensive care unit (ICU; n = 78) with an asthma exacerbation.

Factors XI and XII in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: longitudinal profile in children.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in children with cardiopulmonary failure. While the majority of ECMO centers use unfractionated heparin, other anticoagulants, including factor XI and factor XII inhibitors are emerging, which may prove suitable for ECMO patients. However, before these anticoagulants can be applied in these patients, baseline data of FXI and FXII changes need to be acquired.

Career coach preferences of medical students: coaching specialist or specialistic coach?

Background: Medical students' demand for career coaching is growing. However, little is known about what type of career coach they prefer. Using the Warmth-Competence Framework, we investigated if and why medical students prefer physician coaches compared to career psychologist coaches.

Characteristics of Long-Stay Patients in a PICU and Healthcare Resource Utilization After Discharge.

Objectives: To examine the characteristics of long-stay patients (LSPs) admitted to a PICU and to investigate discharge characteristics of medical complexity among discharged LSP.

Design: We performed a retrospective cohort study where clinical data were collected on all children admitted to our PICU between July 1, 2017, and January 1, 2020.

Setting: A single-center study based at Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, a level III interdisciplinary PICU in The Netherlands, providing all pediatric and surgical subspecialties.

Acquired von Willebrand disease in children undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a prospective observational study.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides cardiopulmonary support for children with severe cardiac and/or pulmonary failure. The incidence of bleeding complications during ECMO support is high. Acquired von Willebrand disease (AVWD) might contribute to the development of bleeding complications.