Social inequalities in return to work and social mobility after a cancer diagnosis: study protocol for a mixed-methods study in Central Germany.

Introduction: About one-third of all patients with cancer in Germany are still of working age at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, occupational reintegration is an important goal after the completion of the treatment. Compared with the general population, patients with cancer are more frequently affected by unemployment, early retirement and reduced earning capacity pensions.

Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Adulthood and Perinatal Abuse.

Objectives: Previous research has linked adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to maternal smoking, but the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in adulthood and perinatal abuse remains unclear. This study examined the strength of the association between ACEs and maternal smoking behaviors before, during, and after pregnancy and investigated whether maternal SES and perinatal abuse modify this association.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey (2017-2020).

Rural-Urban Disparities in Perinatal Smoking in the United States: Trends and Determinants.

Objective: To examine trends in perinatal smoking across rural and urban areas and investigate whether structural and intermediary health factors explain rural-urban disparities.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) collected between 2009 and 2021 in the United States. Perinatal smoking patterns were based on self-reported smoking before, during, and after pregnancy.

Oncogene Silencing via ecDNA Micronucleation.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is a common source of oncogene amplification across many types of cancer. The non-Mendelian inheritance of ecDNA contributes to heterogeneous tumour genomes that rapidly evolve to resist treatment. Here, using single-cell and live-cell imaging, single-micronucleus sequencing, and computational modelling, we demonstrate that elevated levels of ecDNA predisposes cells to micronucleation.

A Scoping Review of Prevention Classification in Mental Health: Examining the Application of Caplan's and Gordon's Prevention Frameworks (2018-2024).

Mental health prevention is a global priority owing to the increasing burden of mental disorders exacerbated by global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, economic instability, and armed conflicts. These crises have heightened the need for effective preventive strategies addressing mental health across different life stages and populations. To structure and classify such strategies, Caplan's and Gordon's frameworks have been widely used, with one focusing on disease progression and the other on population risk.

Modeling charge collection in silicon pixel detectors for proton therapy applications.

Monolithic active pixel sensors are used for charged particle tracking in many applications, from medical physics to astrophysics. The Bergen pCT collaboration designed a sampling calorimeter for proton computed tomography, based entirely on the ALICE PIxel DEtector (ALPIDE). The same telescope can be used for in-situ range verification in particle therapy.

COVID-BLUeS - a Prospective Study on the Value of AI in Lung Ultrasound Analysis.

Unlabelled: As a lightweight and non-invasive imaging technique, lung ultrasound (LUS) has gained importance for assessing lung pathologies. The use of Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical decision support systems is promising due to the time- and expertise-intensive interpretation, however, due to the poor quality of existing data used for training AI models, their usability for real-world applications remains unclear.

Methods: In a prospective study, we analyze data from 63 COVID-19 suspects (33 positive) collected at Maastricht University Medical Centre.

[Problematic digital media use and health literacy among schoolchildren in Germany. Findings of the 2022 HBSC Study].

Background: The digital life of children and young people is characterised by frequent use of social media and digital games. Previous research has demonstrated detrimental health effects of problematic media use. However, links with health literacy (HL) have received little attention, although frameworks suggest health literacy to be a determinant of health behaviour.

Continuing exposure to disadvantageous material and perceived economic factors on self-rated health in different life stages: fixed effects analyses with data from the German Socioeconomic Panel.

Background: Life course epidemiology explores health disparities over time. The accumulation thesis thereby suggests an add-up of disadvantages, while the adaptation model assumes an adjustment to disadvantageous conditions. Examining the relevance of these accumulation and adaptation processes, the present study analyses continuing exposure to various material and perceived economic factors on self-rated health (SRH) across different life stages.

Polymer Capsules with Volatile Organic Compounds as Reference Materials for Controlled Emission.

Encapsulation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that could evaporate at a defined rate is of immense interest for application in emission reference materials (ERMs). Polyurethane/polyurea microcapsules with various VOC active ingredients (limonene, pinene, and toluene) were successfully produced by interfacial polymerization with Shirasu porous glass membrane emulsification in a size range between 10 and 50 μm. The effect of surfactant, VOC, monomer(s) type, and ratio has a great effect on the formulation process and morphology of capsules.

Towards a multi-VOC emission reference material with temporally constant emission profile for QA/QC of materials emission testing procedures.

Emission reference materials (ERMs) are sought after to further control and improve indoor air quality. The impregnation of porous materials with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a promising approach to produce ERMs. Different VOCs were used to impregnate various porous materials (mainly zeolites, activated carbons and a metal organic framework).

Health and work: regional health reporting on employees in Germany.

The vast majority of people work a large part of their live, therefore work inevitably has a major impact on health as well. In Germany, great efforts are made to improve health and well-being in the occupational context. To support this, the evaluation of health data especially from employees is one the main scopes in health reporting of the Federal Association of Company Health Insurance Funds (BKK Dachverband).

Accuracy of respiratory event indices downloaded from positive airway pressure devices: can they be relied upon when making treatment decisions?

Purpose Of Review: The gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is attended overnight polysomnography (PSG) in a sleep laboratory. Alternative diagnostic techniques are urgently needed for both diagnosis and treatment control when initiating positive airway pressure (PAP) in the home setting. Current PAP devices compute data such as residual AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) using their proprietary algorithms to provide an automatic event detection (AED).

Children and adolescents with primary headaches exhibit altered sensory profiles - a multi-modal investigation.

Background: Pediatric headache is an increasing medical problem that has adverse effects on children's quality of life, academic performance, and social functioning. Children with primary headaches exhibit enhanced sensory sensitivity compared to their healthy peers. However, comprehensive investigations including multimodal sensory sensitivity assessment are lacking.

Catalysis of the Oxygen-Evolution Reaction in 1.0 M Sulfuric Acid by Manganese Antimonate Films Synthesized via Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Manganese antimonate (MnSbO) electrocatalysts for the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) were synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. Mn-rich rutile MnSbO catalysts on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) supports drove the OER for 168 h (7 days) at 10 mA cm with a time-averaged overpotential of 687 ± 9 mV and with >97% Faradaic efficiency. Time-dependent anolyte composition analysis revealed the steady dissolution of Mn and Sb.

YouTube and the implementation and discontinuation of the oral contraceptive pill: A mixed-method content analysis.

Background: Women living in high-quality healthcare systems are more likely to use oral contraceptives at some point in their lives. Research findings have sparked controversial discussions about contraception in the scientific community and the media, potentially leading to higher rates of method discontinuation. Understanding the underlying motives for method discontinuation is crucial for reproductive health equity and future programming interventions.

Concept and methodology of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study - Insights into the current 2022 survey and trends in Germany.

Background: Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) is one of the largest international studies on child and adolescent health and cooperates with the World Health Organization (WHO). In Germany, adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 are surveyed every four years about their health, health behaviour and social conditions. This article describes the HBSC study and in particular the methodology of the current 2022 survey and prior surveys conducted between 2009/10 and 2017/18.

Evaluating a rehabilitative intervention for substance-dependent patients with and without their accompanying children in Germany (KontextSucht): study protocol for a non-randomised trial.

Introduction: People suffering from substance use disorders often live in social contexts with children or are parents themselves. Addicted parents show specific substance-related problems while raising their children, which often leads to various lifelong consequences for the children. The German rehabilitative treatment system allows bringing children to inpatient treatment centres.

Participation of adolescents with and without physical disabilities and chronic diseases: A comprehensive conceptualization.

Background: In 2001, the International Classification of Functioning and Disability (ICF) introduced participation as a main goal of rehabilitation processes. However, to date, a comprehensive concept of participation in the rehabilitative context is missing, particularly in German-speaking countries. We thus aimed to refine and extend the existing concepts of participation in this brief communication.

The role of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors in the use of preventive healthcare services in children and adolescents: results of the KiGGS Wave 2 study.

Background: In Germany, various preventive services are offered to children and adolescents. These include regular standardized examinations (so called U/J examinations) and several vaccinations. Although strongly recommended, most of them are not mandatory.

Development, piloting and evaluation of an app-supported psychosocial prevention intervention to strengthen participation in working life: a study protocol of a mixed-methods approach.

Introduction: Rates of incapacity to work due to mental disorders have increased in many European countries. The consequences of persistent stress can impact individuals' physical and psychological well-being and gradually develop into chronic stress. Mental disorders or symptoms of burn-out syndrome can have severe consequences.