Ultrasound-based assessment of muscle mass is associated with early recovery after kidney transplant: a prospective single-center study.

Background: Low muscle mass and frailty are associated with worse perioperative outcomes. However, traditional modalities for quantifying muscle mass are limited, costly, may require radiation exposure, and can be unreliable with kidney failure. We hypothesize that ultrasound-measured muscle mass is associated with early recovery metrics after kidney transplant.

Global insights on diversity, equity, and inclusion-perspectives and experiences from musculoskeletal radiologists of the International Skeletal Society DEI Committee.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is important for delivering high-quality, culturally competent care and ensuring equal access to resources and opportunities in healthcare. However, the implementation of DEI has been met with unique challenges and successes across the globe. The International Skeletal Society (ISS), a multidisciplinary musculoskeletal society, made a conscious effort to promote DEI.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Acute Elbow and Forearm Pain.

Acute elbow pain can be the result of traumatic and atraumatic processes. Pathologic processes include osseous, ligamentous, and tendinous etiologies. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel.

Update on musculoskeletal applications of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a noninvasive, incisionless, radiation-free technology used to ablate tissue deep within the body. This technique has gained increased popularity following FDA approval for treatment of pain related to bone metastases and limited approval for treatment of osteoid osteoma. MRgFUS delivers superior visualization of soft tissue targets in unlimited imaging planes and precision in targeting and delivery of thermal dose which is all provided during real-time monitoring using MR thermometry.

Shape-recovery of implanted shape-memory devices remotely triggered via image-guided ultrasound heating.

Shape-memory materials hold great potential to impart medical devices with functionalities useful during implantation, locomotion, drug delivery, and removal. However, their clinical translation is limited by a lack of non-invasive and precise methods to trigger and control the shape recovery, especially for devices implanted in deep tissues. In this study, the application of image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) heating is tested.

A Framework for Developing Health Equity Initiatives in Radiology.

Purpose: In recent years, radiology departments have increasingly recognized the extent of health care disparities related to imaging and image-guided interventions. The goal of this article is to provide a framework for developing a health equity initiative in radiology and to articulate key defining factors.

Methods: This article leverages the experience of three academic radiology departments and explores key principles that emerged when observing the experiences of these departments that have begun to engage in health equity-focused work.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Osteonecrosis: 2022 Update.

Osteonecrosis is defined as bone death due to inadequate vascular supply. It is sometimes also called "avascular necrosis" and "aseptic necrosis" when involving epiphysis, or "bone infarct" when involving metadiaphysis. Common sites include femoral head, humeral head, tibial metadiaphysis, femoral metadiaphysis, scaphoid, lunate, and talus.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Chronic Elbow Pain.

Chronic elbow pain can be osseous, soft tissue, cartilaginous, and nerve related in etiology. Imaging plays an important role in differentiating between these causes of chronic elbow pain. This document provides recommendations for imaging of chronic elbow pain in adult patients.

Society of Skeletal Radiology- white paper. Guidelines for the diagnostic management of incidental solitary bone lesions on CT and MRI in adults: bone reporting and data system (Bone-RADS).

The purpose of this article is to present algorithms for the diagnostic management of solitary bone lesions incidentally encountered on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MRI) in adults. Based on review of the current literature and expert opinion, the Practice Guidelines and Technical Standards Committee of the Society of Skeletal Radiology (SSR) proposes a bone reporting and data system (Bone-RADS) for incidentally encountered solitary bone lesions on CT and MRI with four possible diagnostic management recommendations (Bone-RADS1, leave alone; Bone-RADS2, perform different imaging modality; Bone-RADS3, perform follow-up imaging; Bone-RADS4, biopsy and/or oncologic referral). Two algorithms for CT based on lesion density (lucent or sclerotic/mixed) and two for MRI allow the user to arrive at a specific Bone-RADS management recommendation.

Musculoskeletal Applications of Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a novel noninvasive therapy that uses focused sound energy to thermally ablate focal pathology within the body. In the United States, MRgFUS is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of uterine fibroids, palliation of painful bone metastases, and thalamotomy for the treatment of essential tremor. However, it has also demonstrated utility for the treatment of a wide range of additional musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions that currently are treated as off-label indications.

Erratum: Automatic Deep Learning-assisted Detection and Grading of Abnormalities in Knee MRI Studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1148/ryai.2021200165.

Automatic Deep Learning-assisted Detection and Grading of Abnormalities in Knee MRI Studies.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that artificial intelligence (AI) techniques can aid in identifying and assessing lesion severity in the cartilage, bone marrow, meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee, improving overall MRI interreader agreement.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1435 knee MRI studies ( = 294 patients; mean age, 43 years ± 15 [standard deviation]; 153 women) collected within three previous studies (from 2011 to 2014). All MRI studies were acquired using high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional fast-spin-echo CUBE sequence.

Efficacy and safety of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for the treatment of painful bone metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To report the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in the treatment of painful bone metastases through a systematic review and meta-analysis of pain scores before and after MRgFUS treatment and post-treatment adverse events.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Embase databases was performed for studies evaluating the efficacy and/or safety of MRgFUS. The mean difference of pain scores (10-point visual analogue scale or numerical rating scale) between baseline and 1-month/3-month pain scores was collected and analyzed in a pooled meta-analysis.

Anatomic thermochromic tissue-mimicking phantom of the lumbar spine for pre-clinical evaluation of MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) ablation of the facet joint.

Objective: To develop a thermochromic tissue-mimicking phantom (TTMP) with an embedded 3D-printed bone mimic of the lumbar spine to evaluate MRgFUS ablation of the facet joint and medial branch nerve.

Materials And Methods: Multiple 3D-printed materials were selected and characterized by measurements of speed of sound and linear acoustic attenuation coefficient using a through-transmission technique. A 3D model of the lumbar spine was segmented from a de-identified CT scan, and 3D printed.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound ablation for palliation of refractory painful bone metastases.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is cost-effective compared with medication, for refractory pain from bone metastases in the United States.

Methods: We constructed a Markov state transition model using TreeAge Pro software (TreeAge Software, Inc., Williamstown, MA, USA) to model costs, outcomes, and the cost-effectiveness of a treatment strategy using MRgFUS for palliative treatment of painful bone metastases compared with a Medication Only strategy (Figure 1).

Disparities in PET Imaging for Prostate Cancer at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences between patients receiving F-fluciclovine and Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-PSMA-11) for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer at a tertiary medical center. All F-fluciclovine and Ga-PSMA-11 PET studies performed at the University of California San Francisco from October 2015 to January 2020 were reviewed. Age, race/ethnicity, primary language, body mass index, insurance type, and home address were obtained through the electronic medical record.

Factors Predicting Metastatic Disease in Ga-PSMA-11 PET-Positive Osseous Lesions in Prostate Cancer.

Bone is the most common site of distant metastatic spread in prostate adenocarcinoma. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake has been described in both benign and malignant bone lesions, which can lead to false-positive findings on Ga-PSMA-11 PET. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Ga-PSMA-11 PET for osseous prostate cancer metastases and improve bone uptake interpretation using semiquantitative metrics.

Are Women Disproportionately Represented in Education Compared to Other Roles in Academic Radiology?

Rationale And Objectives: Women in academic medicine, and radiology specifically, are underrepresented in departmental leadership roles and achieve fewer professional metrics of success. We have observed, however, that women are more broadly represented in medical education leadership. The purpose of this study was to determine if women in academic radiology are overrepresented in educational scholarship and educational leadership compared to general research scholarship and leadership positions, and to determine if there is any difference in the distribution of women in these roles compared to internal medicine.

T2 mapping as a predictor of nonperfused volume in MRgFUS treatment of desmoid tumors.

The objective of this study was to develop an alternative method of non-contrast monitoring of tissue ablation during focused ultrasound treatment. Desmoid tumors are benign but locally aggressive soft tissue tumors that arise from fibroblast cells. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has emerged as an alternative to conventional therapies, showing promising results in reduction of tumor volume without significant side effects.