Association of maternal fish consumption and ω-3 supplement use during pregnancy with child autism-related outcomes: results from a cohort consortium analysis.

Background: Prenatal fish intake is a key source of omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids needed for brain development, yet intake is generally low, and studies addressing associations with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related traits are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to examine associations of prenatal fish intake and ω-3 supplement use with both autism diagnosis and broader autism-related traits.

Methods: Participants were drawn from 32 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort Consortium.

Opportunities for Examining Child Health Impacts of Early-Life Nutrition in the ECHO Program: Maternal and Child Dietary Intake Data from Pregnancy to Adolescence.

Background: Longitudinal measures of diet spanning pregnancy through adolescence are needed from a large, diverse sample to advance research on the effect of early-life nutrition on child health. The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, which includes 69 cohorts, >33,000 pregnancies, and >31,000 children in its first 7-y cycle, provides such data, now publicly available.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe dietary intake data available in the ECHO Program as of 31 August, 2022 (end of year 6 of Cycle 1) from pregnancy through adolescence, including estimated sample sizes, and to highlight the potential for future analyses of nutrition and child health.

First extensive study of silver-doped lanthanum manganite nanoparticles for inducing selective chemotherapy and radio-toxicity enhancement.

Nanoparticles have a great potential to increase the therapeutic efficiency of several cancer therapies. This research examines the potential for silver-doped lanthanum manganite nanoparticles to enhance radiation therapy to target radioresistant brain cancer cells, and their potential in combinational therapy with magnetic hyperthermia. Magnetic and structural characterisation found all dopings of nanoparticles (NPs) to be pure and single phase with an average crystallite size of approximately 15 nm for undoped NPs and 20 nm for silver doped NPs.

Red blood cell transfusion does not increase risk of venous or arterial thrombosis during hospitalization.

Previous observational studies suggest associations between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and risk for arterial or venous thrombosis. We determined the association between thrombosis and RBC transfusion in hospitalized patients using the Recipient Database from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III. A thrombotic event was a hospitalization with an arterial or venous thrombosis ICD-9 code and administration of a therapeutic anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent.

Association of donor age, body mass index, hemoglobin, and smoking status with in-hospital mortality and length of stay among red blood cell-transfused recipients.

Background: Recent publications have reported conflicting findings regarding associations of blood donor demographics and mortality of transfused patients. We hypothesized that the analysis of additional donor characteristics and consideration of alternative outcomes might provide insight into these disparate results.

Study Design And Methods: We analyzed data from a retrospective cohort of transfused patients from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III).

Association of Blood Donor Sex and Prior Pregnancy With Mortality Among Red Blood Cell Transfusion Recipients.

Importance: Evidence regarding associations of blood donor sex with mortality among red blood cell transfusion recipients is conflicting.

Objective: To study associations of donor sex and prior pregnancy with mortality of transfusion recipients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data from 3 retrospective cohorts of transfusion recipients (the Kaiser Permanente Northern California [KPNC] and Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III [REDS-III] databases of data from January 2013 to December 2016 and the Scandinavian Donations and Transfusions [SCANDAT] database with data from January 2003 to December 2012) were analyzed.

Risk factors for red blood cell alloimmunization in the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS-III) database.

Despite the significance of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization, the lack of standardized registries in the US has prevented the completion of large studies. Data from 3·5 years of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III) recipient database, containing information from 12 hospitals, were studied. A RBC alloantibody responder had an antibody identified at any point during the study, and a non-responder had a negative antibody screen at least 15 days post-RBC transfusion.

Demographic and epidemiologic characterization of transfusion recipients from four US regions: evidence from the REDS-III recipient database.

Background: Blood transfusion is one of the most common medical procedures during hospitalization in the United States. To understand the benefits of transfusion while mitigating potential risks, a multicenter database containing detailed information on transfusion incidence and recipient outcomes would facilitate research.

Study Design And Methods: The Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III) program has developed a comprehensive transfusion recipient database utilizing data from hospital electronic health records at 12 participating hospitals in four geographic regions.

Evaluation of a chief complaint pre-processor for biosurveillance.

Emergency Department (ED) chief complaint (CC) data are key components of syndromic surveillance systems. However, it is difficult to use CC data because they are not standardized and contain varying semantic and lexical forms for the same concept. The purpose of this project was to revise a previously-developed text processor for pre-processing CC data specifically for syndromic surveillance and then evaluate it for acute respiratory illness surveillance to support decisions by public health epidemiologists.

Defining and applying a method for improving the sensitivity and specificity of an emergency department early event detection system.

The sensitivity and specificity of syndrome definitions used in early event detection (EED) systems affect the usefulness of the system for end-users. The ability to calculate these values aids system designers in the refinement of syndrome definitions to better meet public health needs. Utilizing a stratified sampling method and expert review to create a gold standard dataset for the calculation of sensitivity and specificity, we describe how varying syndrome structure impacts these statistical parameters and discuss the relevance of this to outbreak detection and investigation.