Enhancing clinical translation of analgesics for neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of non-evoked pain assessment in preclinical trials.

Current therapies for neuropathic pain are often inadequate and several promising preclinical drugs have failed in clinical trials. This may stem from an overreliance on reflex-based outcomes, which do not accurately reflect the spontaneous or non-evoked pain (NEP) characteristic of neuropathic pain. To bridge this gap, we evaluated the preclinical efficacy of standard analgesics in relieving NEP associated with neuropathic pain, thereby providing valuable insights that could optimize preclinical testing.

Psychological repercussions of PM air pollution in human aging: a comprehensive review of urban and rural environments.

Air pollution and its effects on population health are currently among the most important public health issues. It is well established that the impact of air pollution on health is exceedingly high, although it ignores its real scope and effects on the aging process because studies on air quality have largely focused on younger age groups. Herein, we emphasize the relevance of air quality to the behavioral aging process, taking into account the place of residence - rural or urban.

Oxidative Score and Microvesicle Profile Suggest Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, altered redox state, and chronic systemic inflammation. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the redox status of patients with CKD and the phenotype of microvesicles (MVs) subtypes, and cardiovascular events. The oxidative stress level of each participant was determined using an individualized OXY-SCORE.

Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles in response to indoxyl sulfate: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease.

Aims: Cardiovascular pathology is the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CKD is associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, and indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most abundant uremic toxins found in the blood of CKD patients. We conducted an in vitro study to assess the mechanisms underlying the IS-induced endothelial dysfunction that could lead to cardiovascular diseases.

Strategies for measuring non-evoked pain in preclinical models of neuropathic pain: Systematic review.

The development of new analgesics for neuropathic pain treatment is crucial. The failure of promising drugs in clinical trials may be related to the over-reliance on reflex-based responses (evoked pain) in preclinical drug testing, which may not fully represent clinical neuropathic pain, characterized by spontaneous non-evoked pain (NEP). Hence, strategies for assessing NEP in preclinical studies emerged.

Particulate Matter in Human Elderly: Higher Susceptibility to Cognitive Decline and Age-Related Diseases.

This review highlights the significant impact of air quality, specifically particulate matter (PM), on cognitive decline and age-related diseases in the elderly. Despite established links to other pathologies, such as respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses, there is a pressing need for increased attention to the association between air pollution and cognitive aging, given the rising prevalence of neurocognitive disorders. PM sources are from diverse origins, including industrial activities and combustion engines, categorized into PM, PM, and ultrafine PM (UFPM), and emphasized health risks from both outdoor and indoor exposure.

Plasma glycocalyx pattern: a mirror of endothelial damage in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Endothelial damage and cardiovascular disease complicate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The increased atherogenicity observed in patients with CKD can be linked to microinflammation and endothelial damage. Circulating endothelial glycocalyx degradation products, such as perlecan and decorin, tend to be elevated in CKD.

New mechanisms involved in the development of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathology with a high worldwide incidence and an upward trend affecting the elderly. When CKD is very advanced, the use of renal replacement therapies is required to prolong its life (dialysis or kidney transplantation). Although dialysis improves many complications of CKD, the disease does not reverse completely.

Vitamin D, Cellular Senescence and Chronic Kidney Diseases: What Is Missing in the Equation?

As life expectancy increases in many countries, the prevalence of age-related diseases also rises. Among these conditions, chronic kidney disease is predicted to become the second cause of death in some countries before the end of the century. An important problem with kidney diseases is the lack of biomarkers to detect early damage or to predict the progression to renal failure.

Extracellular Vesicles as "Very Important Particles" (VIPs) in Aging.

In recent decades, extracellular vesicles have been recognized as "very important particles" (VIPs) associated with aging and age-related disease. During the 1980s, researchers discovered that these vesicle particles released by cells were not debris but signaling molecules carrying cargoes that play key roles in physiological processes and physiopathological modulation. Following the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) recommendation, different vesicle particles (e.

The Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles From Senescent Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Vascular Calcification.

Vascular calcification is an irreversible pathological process associated with a loss of vascular wall function. This process occurs as a result of aging and age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases, and leads to comorbidities. During these age-related diseases, the endothelium accumulates senescent cells, which stimulate calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Special Issue "Oxidative Stress in Aging and Associated Chronic Diseases".

Aging is a risk factor for several diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cancer, osteoarthritis, and Alzheimer; oxidative stress is a key player in the development and progression of aging and age-associated diseases [...

Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is probably one of the paradigms of disease linked to aging. Underlying the physiopathology of atherosclerosis are cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These factors are increased in the elderly and from chronic disease patients.

Exploring New Kingdoms: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Oxi-Inflamm-Aging Related to Cardiorenal Syndrome.

The incidence of age associated chronic diseases has increased in recent years. Although several diverse causes produce these phenomena, abundant evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a central role. In recent years, numerous studies have focused on elucidating the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of both aging and chronic diseases, opening the door to the discovery of new underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways.

Effect of Kidney Transplantation on Accelerated Immunosenescence and Vascular Changes Induced by Chronic Kidney Disease.

Kidney transplantation is the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease. Despite the improvement in cardiovascular burden (leading cause of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease), cardiovascular adverse outcomes related to the inflammatory process remain a problem. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize the immune profile and microvesicles of patients who underwent transplantation.

Premature Aging in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Outcome of Persistent Inflammation beyond the Bounds.

Over the last hundred years, life expectancy in developed countries has increased because of healthier living habits and the treatment of chronic pathologies causing premature aging. Aging is an inexorable, time-dependent, multifactorial process characterized by a series of progressive and irreversible physiological changes associated with loss of functional, psychological, and social capabilities. Numerous factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular senescence, and an irreversible geriatric syndrome known as frailty, contribute to human body deterioration in aging.

A high magnesium concentration in citrate dialysate prevents oxidative stress and damage in human monocytes .

Background: The use of dialysis fluids (DFs) during haemodialysis has been associated with increased oxidative stress and reduced serum magnesium (Mg) levels, contributing to chronic inflammation. Since the role of Mg in modulating immune function and reducing oxidative stress has been demonstrated, the aim of this study was to characterize whether increasing the Mg concentration in DFs could protect immune cells from oxidative stress and damage.

Methods: The effect of citrate [citrate dialysis fluid (CDF), 1 mM] or acetate [acetate dialysis fluid (ADF), 3 mM] dialysates with low (0.

Microvesicles from indoxyl sulfate-treated endothelial cells induce vascular calcification .

Vascular calcification (VC), an unpredictable pathophysiological process and critical event in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is the leading cause of morbi-mortality and disability in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients worldwide. Currently, no diagnostic method is available for identifying patients at risk of VC development; the pathology is detected when the process is irreversible. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from endothelial cells might promote VC.

Increasing the Magnesium Concentration in Various Dialysate Solutions Differentially Modulates Oxidative Stress in a Human Monocyte Cell Line.

Oxidative stress is exacerbated in hemodialysis patients by several factors, including the uremic environment and the use of dialysis fluids (DFs) Since magnesium (Mg) plays a key role in modulating immune function and in reducing oxidative stress, we aimed to evaluate whether increasing the Mg concentration in different DFs could protect against oxidative stress in immunocompetent cells in vitro. Effect of ADF (acetate 3 mM), CDF (citrate 1 mM), and ACDF (citrate 0.8 mM + acetate 0.

Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disorders in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Process Related to Accelerated Senescence.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially those involving a systemic inflammatory process such as atherosclerosis, remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a systemic condition affecting approximately 10% of the general population. The prevalence of CKD has increased over the past decades because of the aging of the population worldwide.

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α: The Master Regulator of Endothelial Cell Senescence in Vascular Aging.

Aging is one of the hottest topics in biomedical research. Advances in research and medicine have helped to preserve human health, leading to an extension of life expectancy. However, the extension of life is an irreversible process that is accompanied by the development of aging-related conditions such as weakness, slower metabolism, and stiffness of vessels.

MicroRNA-126 regulates Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α which inhibited migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis in replicative endothelial senescence.

Whereas a healthy endothelium maintains physiological vascular functions, endothelial damage contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial senescence is the main determinant of endothelial dysfunction and thus of age-related cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study is to test the involvement of microRNA-126 and HIF-1α in a model of replicative endothelial senescence and the interrelationship between both molecules in this in vitro model.

Statins and antiplatelet agents are associated with changes in the circulatory markers of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease.

Backgrounds And Purposes: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. In CKD patients the mechanisms involved in, endothelial damage and the role of different drugs used on these patients are not completely understood. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of statins and platelet antiaggregant (PA) on endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) and other markers of endothelial dysfunction.

Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Senescent Cells: Pathophysiological Role in the Cardiovascular Disease Associated with all Types of Diabetes Mellitus.

Endothelial senescence-associated with aging or induced prematurely in pathological situations, such as diabetes, is a first step in the development of Cardiovascular Disease (CVDs) and particularly inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. The main mechanism that links endothelial senescence and the progression of CVDs is the production of altered Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) by senescent endothelial cells among them, Microvesicles (MVs). MVs are recognized as intercellular signaling elements that play a key role in regulating tissue homeostasis.