The Evolving Landscape of Systemic Immunotherapy for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-naïve High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: At the Edge of a Tsunami?

Background And Objective: Treatment options for high-risk (HR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are still limited. The addition of systemic immunotherapy to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations is currently being explored as an initial strategy for BCG-naïve HR NMIBC patients to enhance treatment effectiveness and decrease the risk of BCG failure.

Methods: A collaborative narrative review of the literature by the Cancer Committee of the French Association of Urology (CC-AFU) was carried out to describe ongoing studies assessing systemic immunotherapy in BCG-naïve HR NMIBC patients, focus on the different study designs, and evaluate the clinical pertinence of the endpoints.

Primary urethral cancer: Treatment patterns, responses and survival in localized, advanced and metastatic patients.

Introduction: Primary urethral cancer (PUC) is rare, and limited data exist on optimal treatment and survival, particularly in metastatic cases. The objective of this study was to describe treatment patterns, responses and survival in a contemporary cohort.

Patients And Methods: Data from patients diagnosed with PUC between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2018, were retrospectively collected from nine French tertiary centres.

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Anemia in Radical Cystectomy Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Background And Objective: Preoperative anemia is common in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer, but its prevalence and impact on outcomes remain poorly characterized across different health care settings. This study aims to assess the prevalence of preoperative anemia, evaluate its current management practices, and determine its association with postoperative and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 4886 patients with nonmetastatic bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy across 28 centers in 13 countries.

Impact on oncological outcomes of detrusor muscle absence in pTaHG urothelial carcinoma of the bladder? The end of the "jump" of the lamina propria layer myth.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of detrusor muscle (DM) absence on oncological outcomes in patients with pTaHG within a large, multicenter cohort.

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study based on a national database including 12 international expert centers. All patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) for a new diagnosis of pTaHG bladder cancer between January 2010 and December 2018 were included and divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of DM.

Assessment of the Prognostic and Predictive Values of the Deficient Mismatch Repair Phenotype in Patients Treated with Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Given the conflicting evidence currently available in the literature, our aim was to assess the prognostic and predictive values of the deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) phenotype in a large cohort of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients.

Methods: Based on our national network, we performed a retrospective multicenter study including 281 UTUC patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy between 2000 and 2015 at ten French hospitals. The dMMR phenotype as well as PD-L1 and PD-1 expression were determined using immunohistochemistry analyses based on 2-mm-core tissue microarrays.

Oncological Safety and Diagnostic Yield of Percutaneous Needle-core Biopsies in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: The UPERCUT Study.

Background And Objective: A percutaneous biopsy of suspected upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is considered contraindicated due to potential safety concerns. This study evaluated the risk of tumor seeding along the needle track following a percutaneous needle-core biopsy for UTUC, along with diagnostic yield and oncological outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study involving 53 patients who underwent a percutaneous biopsy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma between 2012 and 2022.

External validation of current quality care metrics after radical nephroureterectomy.

Objectives: To externally validate the tetrafecta and pentafecta frameworks for assessing the quality of radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and their correlation with oncological outcomes in patients with localised upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 545 patients who underwent RNU for localised UTUC between 2012 and 2023 at eight French university hospitals and one Lebanese university hospital. Achievement of tetrafecta required four criteria to be met: negative surgical margins, complete bladder cuff excision, lymph node dissection (if indicated), and absence of recurrence within 12 months.

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients With Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Unresponsive High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Multicountry Medical Chart Review.

Introduction: Treatment patterns for patients with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who are ineligible for or decline radical cystectomy (RC) are inconsistently reported. We retrospectively described demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics for these patients and assessed their clinical outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Medical charts of patients with BCG-unresponsive high-risk NMIBC (carcinoma in situ [cohort A] or T1/high-grade Ta [cohort B]) who were ineligible for or declined RC documented between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2018, at 15 academic centers were reviewed.

Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Durvalumab Plus Gemcitabine/Cisplatin or Carboplatin in Patients With Operable High-Risk Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: The iNDUCT-GETUG V08 Trial.

Purpose: After radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), prognosis is poor for high-risk patients. This study evaluated safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin or carboplatin + gemcitabine) in combination with durvalumab in these patients.

Patients And Methods: This phase II trial (ClinicalTrials.

Impact of Tumor Stage on Oncologic Outcomes of High-grade Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Unresponsive Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Undergoing Bladder-sparing Therapies.

Background And Objective: Current data on bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) do not differentiate outcomes by clinical stage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of tumor stage in oncologic outcomes in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC undergoing bladder-sparing therapies.

Methods: Demographic and outcome data for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC were reviewed at ten institutions.

Potential benefits of neoadjuvant radiotherapy prior to "en bloc" compartmental resection of pure retroperitoneal liposarcomas.

Retroperitoneal liposarcomas(RPL) are rare malignant tumors, accounting for approximately 15% of soft tissue sarcomas and 0.07-0.2% of all cancers.

Oncologic Outcomes of Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel Compared with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Patients with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background And Objective: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients treated with additional bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) may become unresponsive to BCG. Recently, sequential intravesical gemcitabine and docetaxel (gem/doce) are being used for NMIBC. This study aims to compare oncologic outcomes between sequential intravesical gem/doce versus additional BCG in patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

French AFU Cancer Committee Guidelines - Update 2024-2026: Upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (UTUC).

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to propose an update of the French guidelines from the national committee ccAFU on upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC).

Methods: A systematic Medline search for epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment options and follow-up of UTUC was performed between 2022 and 2024 to evaluate available references and their levels of evidence.

Results: UTUC is a rare malignancy with specific risk factors, including exposure to aristolochic acid and Lynch syndrome.

French AFU Cancer Committee Guidelines - Update 2024-2026: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Objective: To update the CCAFU recommendations for the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods: A systematic review (Medline) of the literature from 20222024 was performed, taking into account the elements of diagnosis, treatment options and monitoring of NMIBC and evaluating references with their level of evidence.

Results: The diagnosis of NMIBC (Ta, T1, or CIS) is made after complete and deep tumour resection.

French AFU Cancer Committee Guidelines - Update 2024-2026: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Objective: To update the CCAFU recommendations for the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: A systematic review (Medline) of the literature from 2022 to 2024 was carried out, taking into account the elements of the diagnosis, the treatment options and the monitoring of NMIBC and MIBC, evaluating the references with their level of evidence.

Results: MIBC is diagosed after the must complete tumor resection possible .

Clinical Significance of Tumor Location for Ureteroscopic Tumor Grading in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Although previous literature shows tumor location as a prognostic factor in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), there remains uninvestigated regarding the impact of tumor location on grade concordance and discrepancies between ureteroscopic (URS) biopsy and final radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) pathology. In this international study, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 1,498 patients with UTUC who underwent diagnostic URS with concomitant biopsy followed by RNU between 2005 and 2020. Tumor location was divided into four sections: the calyceal-pelvic system, proximal ureter, middle ureter, and distal ureter.

Simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation: future perspective.

Background: The aims of this narrative review were (i) to describe the current indications of SLKT, (ii) to report evolution of SLKT activity, (iii) to report the outcomes of SLKT, (iv) to explain the immune-protective effect of liver transplant on kidney transplant, (v) to explain the interest of delay kidney transplantation, using hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP), (vi) to report kidney after liver transplantation (KALT) indications and (vii) to describe the value of the increase in the use of extended criteria donors (ECD) and particular controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) transplant, thanks to the development of new organ preservation strategies.

Method: Electronic databases were screened using the keywords "Simultaneous", "Combined", "kidney transplantation" and "liver transplantation". The methodological and clinical heterogeneity of the included studies meant that meta-analysis was inappropriate.

Do we need a re-TUR after en bloc resection of T1 stage bladder cancer?

Background: A second look trans-urethral resection of the bladder (re-TUR) is recommended after the diagnosis of T1 high grade (T1HG) bladder cancer. Few studies have evaluated the results of re-TUR after a first en bloc resection (EBR) and none of them have specifically reported the pathological results on the field of previous T1 disease.

Objective: To report the rate of upstaging and the rate of residual disease (RD) on the field of T1HG lesions resected with EBR.

Thromboprophylaxis during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer reduces thromboembolism and bleeding.

Objectives: To assess the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) and bleeding with or without thromboprophylaxis during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer patients scheduled for radical cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 4886 patients with non-metastatic bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy across 28 centres in 13 countries between 1990 and 2021. Inverse probability weighting analyses were performed to estimate the effect of thromboprophylaxis on VTE and bleeding.

Sexual and couple outcomes of vasectomy: Results of a French questionnaire survey.

Introduction: Vasectomy is a permanent contraceptive method that is increasingly appealing to French men with diverse patient profiles. An important question is the impact on sexual life. We aimed to specify the profile of men seeking vasectomy and its impact on their lives.

Specificities of mammary and periprostatic adipose tissues: A perspective from cancer research.

In addition to the major subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues (AT), other adipose depots are dispersed throughout the body and are found in close interaction with proximal organs such as mammary and periprostatic AT (MAT and PPAT respectively). These ATs have an effect on proximal organ function during physiological processes and diseases such as cancer. We highlighted here some of their most distinctive features in terms of tissular organization and responses to external stimuli and discussed how obesity affects them based on our current knowledge.