Prognostic Factors and Initial Treatment Strategies for Patients with Head Trauma and Vital Signs of Shock.

Head trauma accompanied by circulatory failure is a rare but severe condition, and few reports regarding its prognosis or initial treatment strategies have been published. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment strategies for patients with head trauma and vital signs of shock. We included 415 consecutive patients with head trauma (Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] score ≥3) who were transported to our institution from January 2017 to December 2023.

Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus by n-butyric acid from Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus induces inflammatory cytokines in periapical granulomas.

Objectives: This study investigates whether latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can be reactivated by n-butyric acid from Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, and if such reactivation induces expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in periapical granulomas.

Methods: We analyzed periapical granulomas and healthy gingival tissues to detect the presence of EBV and P. alactolyticus.

Basilar Artery Occlusion Caused by Extracranial Vertebral Artery Dissection on Its Entry into the Transverse Foramen of the C6 Vertebra: Case Report.

Objective: Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is an infrequent form of acute life-threatening stroke and may occur secondary to vertebral artery dissection (VAD). VAD, which occurs spontaneously and sometimes results from mechanical stress or blunt force trauma to the neck, sometimes occurs in the V1-V2 junction, but there are not many reported cases of those. Herein, we report a pictorially illustrative and clinically informative case of VAD in the V1-V2 junction following BAO.

Spinal Epidural Hematoma Due to Venous Congestion Caused by Nutcracker Syndrome.

The causes of spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) have been attributed to coagulopathy, trauma, vascular anomalies, and so forth. The incidence of vascular anomalies shown by digital subtraction angiography has been reported to be 15%, and most cases have been reported to be spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulae. SEH has rarely been caused by venous congestion.

Swept Source Lidar: simultaneous FMCW ranging and nonmechanical beam steering with a wideband swept source.

Light detection and ranging (lidar) has long been used in various applications. Solid-state beam steering mechanisms are needed for robust lidar systems. Here we propose and demonstrate a lidar scheme called "Swept Source Lidar" that allows us to perform frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) ranging and nonmechanical beam steering simultaneously.

Mean-Field Scaling of the Superfluid to Mott Insulator Transition in a 2D Optical Superlattice.

The mean-field treatment of the Bose-Hubbard model predicts properties of lattice-trapped gases to be insensitive to the specific lattice geometry once system energies are scaled by the lattice coordination number z. We test this scaling directly by comparing coherence properties of ^{87}Rb gases that are driven across the superfluid to Mott insulator transition within optical lattices of either the kagome (z=4) or the triangular (z=6) geometries. The coherent fraction measured for atoms in the kagome lattice is lower than for those in a triangular lattice with the same interaction and tunneling energies.

0.54 μm resolution two-photon interference with dispersion cancellation for quantum optical coherence tomography.

Quantum information technologies harness the intrinsic nature of quantum theory to beat the limitations of the classical methods for information processing and communication. Recently, the application of quantum features to metrology has attracted much attention. Quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT), which utilizes two-photon interference between entangled photon pairs, is a promising approach to overcome the problem with optical coherence tomography (OCT): As the resolution of OCT becomes higher, degradation of the resolution due to dispersion within the medium becomes more critical.

Observation of 1.2-GHz linewidth of zero-phonon-line in photoluminescence spectra of nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds using a Fabry-Perot interferometer.

Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of single nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in 50-nm diamond nanocrystals at the zero-phonon line (ZPL) were directly observed using a Fabry-Perot interferometer at cryogenic temperatures. The narrowest linewidth of ZPL was 1.2 GHz (1.

Noncollinear parametric fluorescence by chirped quasi-phase matching for monocycle temporal entanglement.

Quantum entanglement of two photons created by spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) can be used to probe quantum optical phenomena during a single cycle of light. Harris [Opt. Express 98, 063602 (2007)] suggested using ultrabroad parametric fluorescenc generated from a quasi-phase-matched (QPM) device whose poling period is chirped.

Generation of broadband spontaneous parametric fluorescence using multiple bulk nonlinear crystals.

We propose a novel method for generating broadband spontaneous parametric fluorescence by using a set of bulk nonlinear crystals (NLCs). We also demonstrate this scheme experimentally. Our method employs a superposition of spontaneous parametric fluorescence spectra generated using multiple bulk NLCs.