Self-Sensing of Piezoelectric Micropumps: Gas Bubble Detection by Artificial Intelligence Methods on Limited Embedded Systems.

Gas bubbles are one of the main disturbances encountered when dispensing drugs of microliter volumes using portable miniaturized systems based on piezoelectric diaphragm micropumps. The presence of a gas bubble in the pump chamber leads to the inaccurate administration of the required dose due to its impact on the flowrate. This is particularly important for highly concentrated drugs such as insulin.

How reliable is the Deltoid Tuberosity Index? Assessing intra- and interobserver variability and the influence of humeral rotation.

Background: The Deltoid Tuberosity Index (DTI) is a radiographic parameter proposed as an indirect measure of bone mineral density in the humerus, potentially useful in assessing proximal humerus fractures. Despite suggestions that lower DTI values may predict osteosynthesis failure linked to osteopenia, the reliability of DTI measurements-particularly regarding intra- and interobserver variability and the influence of humeral rotation- has not yet been comprehensively validated.

Methods: This study evaluated the reliability of DTI measurements in four parts, involving a total of 1448 measurements performed by seven observers.

Molecular detection and typing of pathogenic species from livestock and small mammals in Uganda.

are bacteria that cause leptospirosis in both humans and animals. Human infections in Uganda are suspected to arise from animal-human interactions. From a nationwide survey to determine prevalence and circulating sequence types in Uganda, we tested 2030 livestock kidney samples, and 117 small mammals (rodents and shrews) using real-time PCR targeting the 32 gene.

Emerging spp. infections in Europe: characterization of human clinical isolates from German patients.

Bacteria of the genus are widely distributed in water bodies around the world. Some species have been identified as human pathogens causing intestinal and a variety of extraintestinal infections. In Germany, information on diseases caused by is rare, because infections are not notifiable in Germany.

spp. in German wildlife: Detection, regional occurrence and diversity in wild boar, roe, red and fallow deer.

is a cause of diarrheal infections responsible for a loss of human and animal welfare worldwide. The impact of the parasite is underestimated and the reported sources of infection are diverse, as it occurs in a wide variety of hosts. Wildlife has been reported as a notifiable source, but few studies are available on its occurrence in European wild boar and cervid species.

Air Leakages at Microvalves: Pressure Decay Measurements and Extended Continuum Modelling of Knudsen Flows.

To improve the performance of valves in relation to the leakage rate, a comprehensive evaluation of the valve characteristics and behavior during pressure exposure is important. Often, these low gas flow rates below 0.1 cm/min cannot be accurately measured with conventional flow sensors.

High toxinogenic potential of from wild ungulates in Brandenburg, Germany with a low level of antibiotic resistance.

Introduction: Data regarding the occurrence and virulence of (.) in wild living animals is rare. However, may carry a multitude of virulence factors and express resistance to several antimicrobial substances.

From Lithium and Sodium Superoxides to Singlet-Oxygen - Insights into the Mechanism of Dissociation Using SHARC-MD.

The formation of highly reactive singlet oxygen from alkaline superoxides presents an important reactivity of this component class. Investigations of the reaction paths such as disproportionation of LiO and NaO have been presented. Furthermore, the dissociation of these superoxide systems have been discussed as an alternative reaction channel that also allows the formation of singlet oxygen.

Anti-Leptospira Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Forestry Workers in Lower Saxony, North-West Germany.

As leptospirosis is re-emerging, a seroprevalence study was conducted, assessing the prevalence of anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies and infection-associated risk factors among forestry workers (FWs) in Lower Saxony, Germany, to develop targeted public health measures. Sera of 877 FWs, sampled in 2016, were tested for anti-Leptospira seropositivity by commercial IgG-ELISA. Data on demographics and Leptospira-specific exposures, knowledge, sources of information, and preventive measures were collected by standardized, self-administered questionnaire.

Cross-sectional serosurvey of Leptospira species among slaughter pigs, goats, and sheep in Uganda.

Introduction: Leptospira are a group of bacteria, including pathogenic types that cause leptospirosis. In Uganda, Leptospira exposure has been reported in humans, with domesticated animals being speculated as the source. However, comparable evidence of Leptospira prevalence and circulating serovars/serogroups in animals is only documented for cattle, and dogs.

Plasmon-Determined Selectivity in Photocatalytic Transformations on Gold and Gold-Palladium Nanostructures.

Noble metal nanostructures absorb light producing coherent oscillations of the metal's electrons, so-called localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). LSPRs can decay generating hot carriers, highly energetic species that trigger chemical transformations in the molecules located on the metal surfaces. The number of chemical reactions can be expanded by coupling noble and catalytically active metals.

Wearable Prophylaxis Tool for AI-Driven Identification of Early Warning Patterns of Pressure Ulcers.

As today's society ages, age-related diseases become more frequent. One very common but yet preventable disease is the development of pressure ulcers (PUs). PUs can occur if tissue is exposed to a long-lasting pressure load, e.

Optimization of Ketobenzothiazole-Based Type II Transmembrane Serine Protease Inhibitors to Block H1N1 Influenza Virus Replication.

Human influenza viruses cause acute respiratory symptoms that can lead to death. Due to the emergence of antiviral drug-resistant strains, there is an urgent requirement for novel antiviral agents and innovative therapeutic strategies. Using the peptidomimetic ketobenzothiazole protease inhibitor RQAR-Kbt (IN-1, aka N-0100) as a starting point, we report how substituting P2 and P4 positions with natural and unnatural amino acids can modulate the inhibition potency toward matriptase, a prototypical type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) that acts as a priming protease for influenza viruses.

Prosthetic arthroplasty of the proximal interphalangeal joint using a surface replacing implant (CapFlex-PIP): 3-year outcomes.

IV.

The Truman Show for Human Helminthic Parasites: A Review of Recent Advances in In Vitro Cultivation Platforms.

Throughout history, parasites and parasitic diseases have been humankind's constant companions, as evidenced by the findings of tapeworm eggs in ancient, mummified remains. Helminths are responsible for causing severe, long-term, and debilitating infectious diseases worldwide, especially affecting economically challenged nations due to prevailing deficits in access to sanitation, proper hygiene practices, and healthcare infrastructure. Socio-ecological drivers, such as poverty, migration, and climate change, continue to contribute to parasites and their disease vectors being spread beyond known endemic zones.

A Full Quantum Mechanical Approach Assessing the Chemical and Electromagnetic Effect in TERS.

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is a valuable method for surface analysis with nanometer to angstrom-scale resolution; however, the accurate simulation of particular TERS signals remains a computational challenge. We approach this challenge by combining the two main contributors to plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and to the high resolution in TERS, in particular, the electromagnetic and the chemical effect, into one quantum mechanical simulation. The electromagnetic effect describes the sample's interaction with the strong, highly localized, and inhomogeneous electric fields associated with the plasmonic tip and is typically the thematic focus for most mechanistic studies.

Personalized embryo transfer reduces success rates because endometrial receptivity analysis fails to accurately identify the window of implantation.

After more than a decade of increasingly widespread clinical use, personalized embryo transfer guided by endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA) remains controversial and unproven. One key element missing from the historical literature is the recognition that potential benefits from personalized embryo transfer are entirely dependent on the accuracy and predictive value of the ERA test. Results from the first comprehensive clinical trial, designed in a way that allowed independent evaluation of both potential benefits of personalized embryo transfer and the predictive value of the ERA test upon which it is based, were recently published.

Carrier envelope phase sensitivity of photoelectron circular dichroism.

We report on a combined experimental and numerical study of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) induced by intense few-cycle laser pulses, using methyloxirane as the molecular example. Our experiments reveal a remarkably pronounced sensitivity of the PECD strength of double-ionization on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser pulses. By comparison to the simulations, which reproduce the measured CEP-dependence for specific orientations of the molecules in the lab frame, we attribute the origin of the observed CEP-dependence of PECD to the CEP-induced modulation of ionization from different areas of the wave functions of three dominant orbitals.

The stiff proximal interphalangeal joint - an unsolved problem?

The proximal interphalangeal joint is critical for good hand function. Its anatomical complexities often predispose it to stiffness, involving damage to one or more structures. Improving or resolving the stiffness and increasing the range of motion require an accurate assessment and understanding of the pathogenesis.