Dbl2 interacts with helicases and an endonuclease to maintain the integrity of repetitive regions.

Helicases and endonucleases play crucial roles in genome maintenance by unwinding or cleaving various forms of DNA and RNA structures in order to facilitate essential biological processes, such as DNA replication and recombination. Here, we identified fission yeast Dbl2 as a potential interactor of several complexes that exhibit either helicase or endonuclease activity, namely Fml1-MHF, SCF, Rqh1-Top3-Rmi1, and Mus81-Eme1. In vitro, Dbl2 binds to DNA, with a preference for branched molecules, such as D-loops, mobile Holliday junctions, and fork structures, making it a good candidate to play a central role in modulating the activity of helicases and endonucleases during replication and recombination repair.

Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated mitochondrial transfer regulates the fate of B lymphocytes.

Background: Mitochondrial transfer is becoming recognized as an important immunomodulatory mechanism used by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to influence immune cells. While effects on T cells and macrophages have been documented, the influence on B cells remains unexplored. This study investigates the modulation of B lymphocyte fate by MSC-mediated mitochondrial transfer.

Cbf11 and Mga2 function together to activate transcription of lipid metabolism genes and promote mitotic fidelity in fission yeast.

Within a eukaryotic cell, both lipid homeostasis and faithful cell cycle progression are meticulously orchestrated. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe provides a powerful platform to study the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing these fundamental processes. In S.

Immune response to cold exposure: Role of γδ T cells and TLR2-mediated inflammation.

The mammalian body possesses remarkable adaptability to cold exposure, involving intricate adjustments in cellular metabolism, ultimately leading to thermogenesis. However, cold-induced stress can impact immune response, primarily through noradrenaline-mediated pathways. In our study, we utilized a rat model subjected to short-term or long-term mild cold exposure to investigate systemic immune response during the cold acclimation.

Nitrogen availability is important for preventing catastrophic mitosis in fission yeast.

Mitosis is a crucial stage in the cell cycle, controlled by a vast network of regulators responding to multiple internal and external factors. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe demonstrates catastrophic mitotic phenotypes due to mutations or drug treatments. One of the factors provoking catastrophic mitosis is a disturbed lipid metabolism, resulting from, for example, mutations in the acetyl-CoA/biotin carboxylase (cut6), fatty acid synthase (fas2, also known as lsd1) or transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism (cbf11) genes, as well as treatment with inhibitors of fatty acid synthesis.

Truncating the spliceosomal 'rope protein' Prp45 results in Htz1 dependent phenotypes.

Spliceosome assembly contributes an important but incompletely understood aspect of splicing regulation. Prp45 is a yeast splicing factor which runs as an extended fold through the spliceosome, and which may be important for bringing its components together. We performed a whole genome analysis of the genetic interaction network of the truncated allele of ((1-169)) using synthetic genetic array technology and found chromatin remodellers and modifiers as an enriched category.

Critical importance of DNA binding for CSL protein functions in fission yeast.

CSL proteins [named after the homologs CBF1 (RBP-Jκ in mice), Suppressor of Hairless and LAG-1] are conserved transcription factors found in animals and fungi. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, they regulate various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, lipid metabolism and cell adhesion. CSL proteins bind to DNA through their N-terminal Rel-like domain and central β-trefoil domain.

Correction: Fission Yeast CSL Transcription Factors: Mapping Their Target Genes and Biological Roles.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

RIP-seq reveals RNAs that interact with RNA polymerase and primary sigma factors in bacteria.

Bacteria have evolved structured RNAs that can associate with RNA polymerase (RNAP). Two of them have been known so far-6S RNA and Ms1 RNA but it is unclear if any other types of RNAs binding to RNAP exist in bacteria. To identify all RNAs interacting with RNAP and the primary σ factors, we have established and performed native RIP-seq in Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Streptomyces coelicolor, Mycobacterium smegmatis and the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Correction: LACTB exerts tumor suppressor properties in epithelial ovarian cancer through regulation of Slug.

We show the ability of LACTB to function as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer through down-regulation of Slug and induction of differentiation.

POMBOX: A Fission Yeast Cloning Toolkit for Molecular and Synthetic Biology.

The fission yeast is a popular model organism in molecular biology and cell physiology. With its ease of genetic manipulation and growth, supported by in-depth functional annotations in the PomBase database and genome-wide metabolic models, is an attractive option for synthetic biology applications. However, currently lacks modular tools for generating genetic circuits with more than 1 transcriptional unit.

Altered cohesin dynamics and H3K9 modifications contribute to mitotic defects in the cbf11Δ lipid metabolism mutant.

Mitotic fidelity is crucial for the faithful distribution of genetic information into the daughter cells. Many fungal species, including the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, undergo a closed form of mitosis, during which the nuclear envelope does not break down. In S.

Perturbed fatty-acid metabolism is linked to localized chromatin hyperacetylation, increased stress-response gene expression and resistance to oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress is associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, psychiatric disorders and aging. In order to counteract, eliminate and/or adapt to the sources of stress, cells possess elaborate stress-response mechanisms, which also operate at the level of regulating transcription. Interestingly, it is becoming apparent that the metabolic state of the cell and certain metabolites can directly control the epigenetic information and gene expression.

The torpedo effect in Bacillus subtilis: RNase J1 resolves stalled transcription complexes.

RNase J1 is the major 5'-to-3' bacterial exoribonuclease. We demonstrate that in its absence, RNA polymerases (RNAPs) are redistributed on DNA, with increased RNAP occupancy on some genes without a parallel increase in transcriptional output. This suggests that some of these RNAPs represent stalled, non-transcribing complexes.

Analysis of Lipid Droplet Content in Fission and Budding Yeasts using Automated Image Processing.

Lipid metabolism and its regulation are of interest to both basic and applied life sciences and biotechnology. In this regard, various yeast species are used as models in lipid metabolic research or for industrial lipid production. Lipid droplets are highly dynamic storage bodies and their cellular content represents a convenient readout of the lipid metabolic state.

The phenomenon of lipid metabolism "cut" mutants.

Every cell cycle iteration culminates with the resolution of a mitotic nucleus into a pair of daughter nuclei, which are distributed between the two daughter cells. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the faithful division of a mitotic nucleus depends on unperturbed lipogenesis. Upon genetically or chemically induced perturbation of lipid anabolism, S.

Mitotic defects in fission yeast lipid metabolism 'cut' mutants are suppressed by ammonium chloride.

Fission yeast 'cut' mutants show defects in temporal coordination of nuclear division with cytokinesis, resulting in aberrant mitosis and lethality. Among other causes, the 'cut' phenotype can be triggered by genetic or chemical perturbation of lipid metabolism, supposedly resulting in shortage of membrane phospholipids and insufficient nuclear envelope expansion during anaphase. Interestingly, penetrance of the 'cut' phenotype in mutants of the transcription factor cbf11 and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase cut6, both related to lipid metabolism, is highly dependent on growth media, although the specific nutrient(s) affecting 'cut' occurrence is not known.

Introns provide a platform for intergenic regulatory feedback of RPL22 paralogs in yeast.

Ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are a remarkable regulatory group that may serve as a model for understanding genetic redundancy in evolutionary adaptations. Most RPGs exist as pairs of highly conserved functional paralogs with divergent untranslated regions and introns. We examined the roles of introns in strains with various combinations of intron and gene deletions in RPL22, RPL2, RPL16, RPL37, RPL17, RPS0, and RPS18 paralog pairs.

Nineteen complex-related factor Prp45 is required for the early stages of cotranscriptional spliceosome assembly.

Splicing in has been shown to proceed cotranscriptionally, but the nature of the coupling remains a subject of debate. Here, we examine the effect of nineteen complex-related splicing factor Prp45 (a homolog of SNW1/SKIP) on cotranscriptional splicing. RNA-sequencing and RT-qPCR showed elevated pre-mRNA levels but only limited reduction of spliced mRNAs in cells expressing C-terminally truncated Prp45, Prp45(1-169).

Workflow for Genome-Wide Determination of Pre-mRNA Splicing Efficiency from Yeast RNA-seq Data.

Pre-mRNA splicing represents an important regulatory layer of eukaryotic gene expression. In the simple budding yeast , about one-third of all mRNA molecules undergo splicing, and splicing efficiency is tightly regulated, for example, during meiotic differentiation. features a streamlined, evolutionarily highly conserved splicing machinery and serves as a favourite model for studies of various aspects of splicing.

CSL protein regulates transcription of genes required to prevent catastrophic mitosis in fission yeast.

For every eukaryotic cell to grow and divide, intricately coordinated action of numerous proteins is required to ensure proper cell-cycle progression. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been instrumental in elucidating the fundamental principles of cell-cycle control. Mutations in S.