Protective role of bovine lactoferrin in modulating the intestinal serotonergic system: implications in intestinal inflammation.

Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is a multifunctional milk glycoprotein with diverse biological activities pivotal for gastrointestinal health. This study investigates the modulatory effects of bLf on the intestinal serotonergic system and its implications for intestinal inflammation and homeostasis. Intestinal serotonergic system plays a critical role in gut homeostasis, regulating various physiological processes via serotonin (5-HT) signalling.

Mapping risk and protective factors in tuberculosis-related stigma: a scoping review.

Despite global efforts to end tuberculosis (TB), slow declines in incidence and mortality rates persist, partly due to entrenched social and structural challenges. TB-related stigma is a critical barrier to effective TB prevention and treatment. However, existing frameworks often overlook broader structural and intersectional influences, underscoring the need for a comprehensive analysis of the social and structural factors influencing TB-related stigma.

Phenolic compounds and epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression: effects on human health.

Phenolic compounds are a large class of phytochemicals with relevant physiological effects that are naturally found in plant-origin foods and derived products. Beneficial effects associated with polyphenol consumption are related to their ability to prevent and/or counteract disease features: they exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer effects, as well as protective actions against metabolic diseases. Phenolic compounds and their metabolites can modulate cell function by regulating gene expression.

Nursing Research Capacity-Building Programmes in AcuteCare Hospitals: A Scoping Review.

Background: Research and evidence-based practice in nursing have a direct impact on the quality of care to patients. Its enactment in daily practice remains challenging, with nurses' insufficient research capacity and capability being one challenge, and the limited current state of knowledge another.

Aim: To map the knowledge landscape around capacity-building programmes aiming to increase evidence-based nursing practice and research activity in acutecare hospitals.

Investigating the implementation of infection prevention and control practices in neonatal care across country income levels: a systematic review.

Background: Despite the proven effectiveness of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in reducing healthcare-associated infections and related costs, their implementation poses a challenge in neonatal care settings across high-income (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While existing research has predominantly focused on assessing the clinical effectiveness of these practices in neonatal care, aspects concerning their implementation remain underexplored. This systematic review therefore aimed to analyze implementation determinants and employed strategies for implementing IPC practices in inpatient neonatal care across country income levels.

Neuroprotective effects of whey and buttermilk-based formulas on a DSS-induced colitis murine model.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a gut-brain axis disorder that comprises chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract, where alterations in the mood of patients are common. Gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication that link gut and brain. The close association between inflammatory bowel disease and neuroinflammation has far-reaching implications, as is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.

Does the media (also) keep the score? Media-based exposure to the Russian-Ukrainian war and mental health in Portugal.

The Russian-Ukrainian war (RUW) is responsible for extensive individual suffering and a socio-economic impact on the world and is reshaping global affairs. Many studies have focused on direct exposure to conflict and several public health policies have been devised. Nonetheless, indirect exposure through media has received minimal attention and there is limited evidence that mental health symptoms and disorders may arise as a result.

Enhancing screening adherence for strongyloides infection in latinx inpatients with COVID-19: a local protocol implementation study.

hyperinfection syndrome has been observed in immunosuppressed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Detecting and treating asymptomatic infection in individuals from endemic areas can effectively prevent hyperinfection. Unfortunately, many clinicians are unaware of this neglected infection.

Radiographic and histopathological study of gastrointestinal dysmotility in lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in the rat.

Background: Sepsis is a highly incident condition in which a cascade of proinflammatory cytokines is involved. One of its most frequent consequences is ileus, which can increase mortality. Animal models such as that induced by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are useful to deeply evaluate this condition.

[Analysis of the structuring of the Health Care Network in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, within the context of Regionalization].

The article analyzes aspects of the structuring of the health care network in the regions of the State of Mato Grosso, and the narrative about them, by institutional actors representing management, service providers and society. It is based on research on governance and regionalization of the SUS in this state, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, the empirical basis of which included secondary data, institutional documents and interviews with key actors representing management, service providers and society. In this research, the focus was on coverage of the Family Health Strategy; availability of health services; workforce; expenses on health.

Involvement of NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway, Ca and K Channels on Spasmolytic Effect of Everlasting Flower Polyphenolic Extract ( (L.) Moench).

Functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGID) are worldwide prevalent conditions. Pharmacological treatments can be ineffective, leading the population to turn to herbal or traditional remedies. (L.

Implementation of infection prevention and control for hospitalized neonates: A narrative review.

Background: The most prevalent infections encountered in neonatal care are healthcare-associated infections. The majority of healthcare-associated infections are considered preventable with evidence-based infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. However, substantial knowledge gaps exist in IPC implementation in neonatal care.

The Potential Role of Everlasting Flower ( Moench) as an Antihypertensive Agent: Vasorelaxant Effects in the Rat Aorta.

Helichrysum stoechas (L.) Moench (H. stoechas) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in the Iberian Peninsula to treat different disorders such as arterial hypertension.

'I did not get this disease on the street; it was brought home as a gift': Gender, violence and HIV vulnerability among Cuban women.

While gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men are most affected by HIV in Cuba, infections among women have increased over time, but there has been little research to contextualise their vulnerability to HIV. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of gender and violence in shaping vulnerability to HIV among Cuban women. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with women living with HIV at an outpatient HIV clinic in Havana.

Jasonia glutinosa (L.) DC., a traditional herbal medicine, reduces inflammation, oxidative stress and protects the intestinal barrier in a murine model of colitis.

Jasonia glutinosa (L.) DC., known as rock tea (RT), is traditionally used in Spain as a digestive due to its beneficial properties in bowel disorders.

[Communication for arboviral disease prevention: tailoring PAHO initiatives to the Cuban contextComunicação para prevenção de arboviroses: adequação das iniciativas da OPAS ao contexto cubano].

The purpose of this paper is to describe the opportunities and challenges of training processes in the coordination of regional and national communication initiatives for arboviral disease prevention, using the lessons learned in the Cuban context as an example. In February 2016 and December 2017, professional staff from the Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine attended workshops for strengthening communication capacities for arboviral disease prevention in primary health care settings through gradual introduction of the most recent approaches promoted by the Pan American Health Organization in this regard. National, provincial, municipal, and health area specialists with diverse professional profiles were trained; multidisciplinary teams were strengthened at the different levels; specific tasks were assigned and coordinated at each level; and demonstration sites were established for the communication approaches promoted in the workshops.

Developing Patient-Refined Messaging for a Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in a Latino-Based Community Health Center.

Introduction: Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and screening rates are disproportionately low among Latinos. One factor thought to contribute to the low screening rate is the difficulty Latinos encounter in understanding health information, and therefore in taking appropriate health action. Therefore, we used Boot Camp Translation (BCT), a patient engagement approach, to engage Latino stakeholders (ie, patients, clinic staff) in refining the messages and format of colon cancer screening reminders for a clinic-based direct mail fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) program.

First Release of the Bacterial Biobank of the Urban Environment (BBUE).

Metagenomics is providing a broad overview of bacterial functional diversity; however, culturing and biobanking are still essential for microbiology. Here, we present the Bacterial Biobank of the Urban Environment (BBUE), a sizable culture collection for long-term storage and characterization of the microbiota associated with urban environments relevant for public health.

Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer (CAC): Isolation and Characterization of Mucosal-Associated Lymphoid Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide presenting high mortality due to low treatment efficacy. Existing evidence indicates that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a higher risk of developing CRC. Many murine models of inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis (CAC) have been developed to study colon carcinogenesis and novel treatments.

NOD2 Modulates Serotonin Transporter and Interacts with TLR2 and TLR4 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Background/aims: Serotonin (5-HT) is a chief modulator of intestinal activity. The effects of 5-HT depend on its extracellular availability, which is mainly controlled by serotonin transporter (SERT), expressed in enterocytes. On the other hand, innate immunity, mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), is known to control intestinal microbiota and maintain intestinal homeostasis.

Guanylate Cyclase C: A Current Hot Target, from Physiology to Pathology.

Background: Guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) receptor is a transmembrane receptor, predominantly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, which is considered to play a main role in homeostasis and function of the digestive tract. The endogenous ligands for this receptor are the paracrine hormones uroguanylin and guanylin. Upon ligand binding, GC-C receptors increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, regulating a variety of key cell-type specific processes such as chloride and bicarbonate secretion, epithelial cell growth, regulation of intestinal barrier integrity and visceral sensitivity.

Why Did Zika Not Explode in Cuba? The Role of Active Community Participation to Sustain Control of Vector-Borne Diseases.

As the global public health community develops strategies for sustainable Zika prevention and control, assessment of the Cuban response to Zika provides critical lessons learned. Cuba's early and successful response to Zika, grounded in the country's long-standing dengue prevention and control program, serves as a model of rapid mobilization of intersectoral efforts. Sustaining this response requires applying the evidence generated within the Cuban dengue program that active community participation improves outcomes and is sustainable and cost-effective.

The cessation of the long-term exposure to low doses of mercury ameliorates the increase in systolic blood pressure and vascular damage in rats.

This study aimed to verify whether a prolonged exposure to low-level mercury promotes haemodynamic disorders and studied the reversibility of this vascular damage. Rats were divided into seven groups: three control groups received saline solution (im) for 30, 60 or 90 days; two groups received HgCl (im, first dose, 4.6μg/kg, subsequent doses 0.

Egg white-derived peptides prevent male reproductive dysfunction induced by mercury in rats.

Oxidative stress in known to contribute to the male reproductive dysfunction induced by mercury (Hg). Our study tested the hypothesis that the egg white hydrolysate (EWH), a potent antioxidant in vitro, is able to prevent the effects of prolonged Hg exposure on male reproductive system in rats. For this, rats were treated for 60 days with: a) Untreated - saline solution (i.