Metastasis-Specific CpG Island DNA Hypermethylation of the Long Non-Coding RNA Gene in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Alterations in long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to influence cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in human cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Using pyrosequencing, we analyzed DNA methylation (DNAm) at 23 loci within the CpG island across 28 human cancer cell line models, 181 RCC tumor tissues, 154 paired tumor-adjacent normal tissues (adNs), and 194 metastatic tissue samples. Our analysis revealed that all CpG sites exhibited tumor-specific hypermethylation (all ≤ 1.

Do We Need Early Detection of Grade Group 2 Prostate Cancer in a Screening Program for Young Men? Results from the PROBASE Screening Trial.

In general, low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancers (PCs; International Society of Urological Pathology grade group [GG] 1 and GG 2) are slow-growing cancers with low metastatic potential. Active surveillance is recommended for GG 1 PC and can be recommended for GG 2 PC in the absence of adverse pathological parameters. Therefore, the question arises as to when low-grade PC should be detected in a screening setting.

Prostate Cancer Detection in Younger Men: A Comparative Analysis of Systematic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-targeted Biopsy in the PROBASE Trial.

The optimal approach for prostate cancer (PC) screening, including the ideal starting age and most effective diagnostic method, remains under investigation. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy (TBx) and systematic biopsy (SBx) in detecting clinically significant PC (csPC) in men aged 45-50 yr in PROBASE, a prospective, randomized trial of a risk-adapted screening strategy. A total of 525 participants with elevated prostate-specific antigen (≥3 ng/ml) underwent MRI followed by biopsy.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma - a rare kidney cancer with limited therapy options: a narrative review.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is the most common form of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma in young women. Compared to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), chRCC usually has an excellent prognosis, indicating the need for a reliable differential diagnosis, especially to distinguish it from eosinophilic variants of ccRCC. Another important differential diagnosis is renal oncocytoma (RO), which remains a major challenge even for experienced pathologists.

Worry about prostate cancer and risk perception among middle-aged men: results from the PROBASE trial.

Cancer worry and risk perception are relevant psychological factors that influence preventive health behaviors. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the factors that impact their occurrence and manifestation is critical. The objective of this study was to assess prevalence and factors associated with worry about prostate cancer (PCa) and absolute/comparative risk perception in a community-based sample of 45-year-old men.

Drugs to affect the smooth musculature of the human ureter - an update with integrated information from basic science to the use in medical expulsion therapy (MET).

Purpose: Urolithiasis and symptomatic ureterolithiasis represent diseases known to be on the increase in most westernized countries. The present article aims to give an overview on some drug principles assumed to target signalling systems involved in modulating ureter smooth muscle contractility and to present background to their potential use or prospects in ureter stone disease.

Methods: The article reviews drugs that have been evaluated over the last decades in vitro, in vivo and/or in clinical settings with regard to their properties to achieve spontaneous passage of (distal) ureteral stones and relieve colic pain.

Feasibility of Using a Novel Drop-In Gamma Probe for 99m Tc-PSMA-I&S-Guided Lymph Node Detection During Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Primary Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioguided surgery (RGS) has gained increased interest in prostate cancer (PCa). This analysis aims to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and limitations of RGS with a novel drop-in gamma probe in primary PCa.

Patients And Methods: The data of 13 patients with primary PCa undergoing RGS were analyzed retrospectively.

Real-world experience of water vapour therapy (Rezum) in patients with benign prostatic enlargement: a retrospective single-center study.

Background: Water vapor thermal therapy (Rezum) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Studies reporting urodynamic results regarding the procedure are rare. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Rezum on urinary outcome parameters in a consecutive series of patients and compare urodynamic data before and after treatment.

Alteration of Cadherin 3 Expression and DNA Methylation in Association with Aggressive Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Cadherins (calcium-dependent adhesion proteins) are important in cellular adhesion and may play a role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study investigated changes in cadherin 3 (; P-cadherin) mRNA expression, DNA methylation, and protein expression in RCC and compared the results with the histopathological and clinical characteristics of patients. The possible contribution of CDH3 to tumor cell invasiveness was tested in a functional assay using siRNA-based suppression of expression and subsequent real-time impedance analysis using a Matrigel invasion model.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prostate Cancer Screening at the Age of 45 Years: Results from the First Screening Round of the PROBASE Trial.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been suggested as a tool for guiding biopsy recommendations in prostate cancer (PC) screening.

Objective: To determine the performance of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in young men at age 45 yr who participated in a PC screening trial (PROBASE) on the basis of baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Design, Setting, And Participants: Participants with confirmed PSA ≥3 ng/ml were offered mpMRI followed by MRI/transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy (FBx) with targeted and systematic cores.

ShinyLUTS-A Shiny web application for structured data management and analysis for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Objectives: Clinical, time-dependent, therapeutic and diagnostic data of patients with LUTS are highly complex. To better manage these data for therapists' and researchers' we developed the application ShinyLUTS.

Material And Methods: The statistical programming language R and the framework Shiny were used to develop a platform for data entry, monitoring of therapy and scientific data analysis.

Fibrotic Diseases of the Human Urinary and Genital Tract: Current Understanding and Potential Strategies for Treatment.

Fibrosis is a disease condition characterized by abnormalities of the extracellular matrix, such as accumulation of the transforming growth factor β, infiltration by myofibroblasts, deposition of collagen, and a generalized dysregulation of collagen maturation. It can severely impair the function of organs by replacing normal tissue with a highly collagenized matrix, thereby reducing the elasticity and compliance of tissues. Fibrotic diseases of the genitourinary tract present relevant problems in healthcare, and their principles of pathophysiology remain unclarified; hence, the armamentarium for prevention and treatment is limited.

Is cortisol an endogenous mediator of erectile dysfunction in the adult male?

Background: It has been speculated for decades whether there is a significance of the adrenal corticosteroid cortisol in the process of male sexual function, including the control of sexual arousal and penile erection. In order to investigate further the role of the adrenocorticotropic axis in the physiological process of penile erection, we aimed to determine the course of cortisol in the cavernous and systemic blood through different stages of sexual arousal in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) in comparison to a cohort of healthy males.

Methods: Fifty-four healthy adult males and 45 patients with ED were presented sexually explicit visual material in order to elicit tumescence and (in the healthy males) rigid erection.

Rezum water vapor thermal therapy for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms: A retrospective single-centre analysis from a German high-volume centre.

Objective: Rezum is a minimal invasive surgical treatment for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). The aim of our study was to assess safety and efficacy of the Rezum procedure in a consecutive series of patients.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was performed in a single tertiary care hospital in patients undergoing Rezum procedure between 2018 and 2020.

Expression and distribution of the transient receptor potential cationic channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in the human seminal vesicles.

Background And Aims: The transient receptor potential cationic channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a channel protein permeable to most divalent cations, has been suggested to play a role in mechano-afferent/efferent signaling (including the release of neurotransmitters) in the human urinary tract (bladder, prostate, and urethra). To date, only a few studies have addressed the expression of this receptor in male and female reproductive tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate human seminal vesicles (SVs)  for the expression and localization of TRPA1.

Impact of Surgical Experience Before Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy on Surgical Outcomes: A Multicenter Analysis of 2500 Patients.

Background: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is a challenging procedure that is influenced by a multitude of factors.

Objective: To assess the impact of prior surgical experience on perioperative outcomes in RAPN.

Design Setting And Participants: In this retrospective multicenter study, results for 2548 RAPNs performed by 25 surgeons at eight robotic referral centers were analyzed.

Transurethral water vapor ablation of the prostate with the Rezūm system: Urodynamic findings.

Aims: The efficacy of the transurethral convective interstitial radiofrequency water vapor thermal ablation of the prostate with the Rezūm system for the treatment of male lower urinary tract symptom due to benign prostatic hyperplasia is well proven. The improvement of urodynamic parameters obtained from a simple uroflowmetry cannot measure the effect of water vapor injection on the bladder outlet obstruction.

Methods: This monocentric retrospective pilot study analyzes the data of pressure-flow studies performed before and after 17 Rezūm procedures to answer the question whether thus obtained ablation of prostate tissue has a disobstructive effect on the bladder outlet.

Identification of a Novel Renal Metastasis Associated CpG-Based DNA Methylation Signature (RMAMS).

Approximately 21% of patients with renal cell cancer (RCC) present with synchronous metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, and metachronous metastatic disease occurs in 20-50% of cases within 5 years. Recent advances in adjuvant treatment of aggressive RCC following surgery suggest that biomarker-based prediction of risk for distant metastasis could improve patient selection. Biometrical analysis of TCGA-KIRC data identified candidate loci in the NK6 homeobox 2 gene () that are hypermethylated in primary metastatic RCC.

Combination of PI-RADS score and mRNA urine test-A novel scoring system for improved detection of prostate cancer.

Available tests to detect clinically significant prostate cancer frequently lead to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Our study assessed the feasibility of combining a urinary biomarker-based risk score (SelectMDx®) and multiparametric MRI outcomes in order to identify patients with prostate cancer on prostate biopsy with increased accuracy and reliability. Samples of 74 men with suspicion of prostate cancer and available multiparametric MRI were analysed in a prospective cross-sectional study design.

Lessons learned after one year of COVID-19 from a urologist and radiotherapist view: A German survey on prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Introduction: Since the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, COVID-19 has changed the medical landscape. International recommendations for localized prostate cancer (PCa) include deferred treatment and adjusted therapeutic routines.

Materials And Methods: To longitudinally evaluate changes in PCa treatment strategies in urological and radiotherapy departments in Germany, a link to a survey was sent to 134 institutions covering two representative baseline weeks prior to the pandemic and 13 weeks from March 2020 to February 2021.