Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among mining workers of Odisha, India: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Multimorbidity is an emerging public health challenge in India due to rapid industrialization, urbanization and an aging population. Multimorbidity often impacts occupational outcomes, including work-related stress, job loss, absenteeism, and reduced years of service. Odisha, an eastern state of India, is a major mining state with a large workforce exposed to occupational physical and mental stress, and toxic waste.

The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on appetite and post-exercise energy intake in females: a randomised controlled trial.

This study examined whether supplementation with collagen peptides (CP) affects appetite and post-exercise energy intake in healthy active females. In this randomised, double-blind cross-over study, fifteen healthy females (23 (sd 3) years) consumed 15 g/d of CP or a taste matched non-energy control (CON) for 7 d. On day 7, participants cycled for 45 min at ∼55 % W, before consuming the final supplement.

Muscle Growth Is Very Strongly Correlated with Strength Gains after Lower Body Resistance Training: New Insight from Within-Participant Associations.

Purpose: Quantitative mechanistic evidence for muscle size and agonist neuromuscular activation explaining the individual strength gains that occur after resistance training (RT) remains opaque and controversial, with non-significant or weak/moderate relationships reported. This study aimed to quantify the within-participant association of strength gains following 15-weeks of RT with muscle growth and the changes in agonist neuromuscular activation.

Methods: Knee extension muscle strength (isometric maximum voluntary torque [iMVT] and single repetition maximum [1RM]), MRI-derived quadriceps muscle volume, and normalized (to Mmax) quadriceps surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude were measured in 39 previously untrained healthy young males, pre and post 15-weeks of lower body RT (3 x per week).

Twice a Day Lacrosse Training in Temperate Conditions Results in a Negative 24-Hour Sodium Balance in Male and Female University Lacrosse Players.

Macrae, HZ, Reynolds, KM, Cable, TG, Barutcu, A, Hansell, EJ, Mears, SA, Midwood, KL, Mould, C, Funnell, MP, Goosey-Tolfrey, VL, and James, LJ. Twice a day lacrosse training in temperate conditions results in a negative 24-hour sodium balance in male and female university lacrosse players. J Strength Cond Res 39(9): e1091-e1098, 2025-This study measured 24-hour fluid and sodium balance in 27 university lacrosse players (13 males, 14 females; 21 ± 1 years).

Chemical Adherence Testing for Assessing Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Nonadherence.

Nonadherence to antihypertensive medications is highly prevalent, driving cardiovascular risk. Chemical adherence testing (CAT) can detect the presence of medications or their metabolites in bodily fluid, though it is unclear if its use to date has been equitable. This review aimed to identify the demographics with hypertension in which CAT has been used previously, and to estimate the resulting prevalence of nonadherence.

The risk of Long Covid symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies.

The global evidence on the risk of symptoms of Long Covid in general populations infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to uninfected comparator/control populations remains unknown. We conducted a systematic literature search using multiple electronic databases from January 1, 2022, to August 1, 2024. Included studies had ≥100 people with confirmed or self-reported COVID-19 at ≥28 days following infection onset, and an uninfected comparator/control group.

A multifactorial intervention to improve cardiovascular outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes and current or previous diabetic foot ulcer disease: Protocol for a multi-centre randomised control trial (MiFoot study).

Background: In the United Kingdom, the prevalence of diabetes-related foot ulcer disease (DFUD) is 6.3%, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in people with DFUD. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention to reduce CVD events and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and DFUD.

24 h severe fluid restriction increases a biomarker of renal injury in healthy males.

Purpose: Exercise-induced hypohydration exacerbates biomarkers of renal injury, but studies isolating the effects of hypohydration without exercise have produced mixed findings. This study investigated the effects of 24-h severe fluid restriction on biomarkers of renal injury and glucose tolerance.

Methods: Fifteen males (age: 27 ± 5 y; BMI: 24.

7 days of L-citrulline supplementation does not improve running performance in the heat whilst in a hypohydrated state.

Purpose: 7 days L-citrulline supplementation has been reported to improve blood pressure, O kinetics, gastrointestinal (GI) perfusion and endurance cycling performance through increasing arterial blood flow. In situations where blood volume is compromised (e.g.

A Warm Environment Reduces Exogenous Glucose Oxidation and Endurance Performance during Cycling with Facing Airflow.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of cycling in a warm versus temperate environment with sufficient facing airflow on exogenous glucose use, performance, and GI responses.

Methods: Ten trained male cyclists/triathletes (36 ± 6 yr; 55 ± 6 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ) completed V̇O 2peak and familiarization trials, and two experimental trials in 19°C (TEMP) and 32°C (WARM). Experimental trials involved 2-h cycling at ~50% W peak (preload) and an ~15-min time trial (TT) with fan-provided airflow covering the cyclist (preload ~29 km·h -1 , TT ~35 km·h -1 ).

Effects of Cannabidiol Ingestion on Thermoregulatory and Inflammatory Responses to Treadmill Exercise in the Heat in Recreationally Active Males.

Purpose: Exertional heat stress can induce systemic endotoxin exposure and a proinflammatory cascade, likely impairing thermoregulation. Cannabidiol (CBD) is protective in preclinical models of tissue ischemia and inflammation. Therefore, this study examined the effects of CBD ingestion on exercise-induced thermoregulatory and inflammatory responses.

Fluid and electrolyte balance following consumption of skimmed milk and a plant-based soya beverage at rest in euhydrated males.

Purpose: Cow's milk is one of the most hydrating beverages, but many individuals choose not to consume dairy in their diet due to intolerance, allergy, or dietary preference. Milk is commonly replaced with plant-based beverages, including soya which has the most comparable protein content, but little is known about their hydration potential. This study compared fluid and electrolyte balance responses between a soya beverage and skimmed cow's milk.

Substituting Carbohydrate at Lunch for Added Protein Increases Fat Oxidation During Subsequent Exercise in Healthy Males.

Context: How pre-exercise meal composition influences metabolic and health responses to exercise later in the day is currently unclear.

Objective: Examine the effects of substituting carbohydrate for protein at lunch on subsequent exercise metabolism, appetite, and energy intake.

Methods: Twelve healthy males completed 3 trials in randomized, counterbalanced order.

Iterative assessment of a sports rehydration beverage containing a novel amino acid formula on water uptake kinetics.

Purpose: Rapid gastric emptying and intestinal absorption of beverages is essential for rapid rehydration, and certain amino acids (AA) may augment fluid delivery. Three sugar-free beverages, containing differing AA concentrations (AA + PZ), were assessed for fluid absorption kinetics against commercial sugar-free (PZ, GZ) and carbohydrate-containing (GTQ) beverages.

Methods: Healthy individuals (n = 15-17 per study) completed three randomised trials.

Perceived dehydration impairs endurance cycling performance in the heat in active males.

Dehydration of >3 % body mass impairs endurance performance irrespective of the individual's knowledge of their hydration status, but whether knowledge of hydration status influences performance at lower levels of dehydration is unknown. This study examined whether perception of hydration status influenced endurance performance. After familiarisation, nine active males (age 25 ± 2 y, V̇O 52.

A self-paced 15-minute cycling time trial is a reliable performance measure in recreationally active individuals.

Cycling time trial (TT) protocols have been shown to be reliable in trained cyclists, but their reproducibility in lesser-trained individuals is unknown. This study examined the reliability of a self-paced 15-minute cycling TT in recreationally active individuals. Twelve recreationally active males (age 27 ± 3 y; body mass 75.

Hypohydration induced by prolonged cycling in the heat increases biomarkers of renal injury in males.

Purpose: Recent studies have shown that hypohydration can increase renal injury. However, the contribution of hypohydration to the extent of renal injury is often confounded by exercise induced muscle damage. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of manipulating hydration status during moderate-intensity cycling in the heat on biomarkers of renal injury.

Cannabidiol Oil Ingested as Sublingual Drops or Within Gelatin Capsules Shows Similar Pharmacokinetic Profiles in Healthy Males.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a nonintoxicating phytocannabinoid used in clinical treatments and sold widely in consumer products. CBD products may be designed for sublingual or oral delivery, but it is unclear whether either is advantageous for CBD absorption. This study compared CBD pharmacokinetics after providing CBD oil as sublingual drops and within orally ingested gelatin capsules, at a dose relevant to consumer products.

Exercise-induced hypohydration impairs 3 km treadmill-running performance in temperate conditions.

Research assessing exercise-induced hypohydration on running performance in a temperate environment is scarce. Given the weight-bearing nature of running, the negative effects of hypohydration might be offset by the weight-loss associated with a negative fluid balance. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of exercise-induced hypohydration on running performance in temperate conditions.

The Effect of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Tendon Remodeling during 15 wk of Lower Body Resistance Training.

Purpose: Collagen peptide supplementation has been reported to enhance synthesis rates or growth in a range of musculoskeletal tissues and could enhance tendinous tissue adaptations to resistance training (RT). This double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed to determine if tendinous tissue adaptations, size (patellar tendon cross-sectional area (CSA) and vastus lateralis (VL) aponeurosis area), and mechanical properties (patellar tendon), after 15 wk of RT, could be augmented with collagen peptide (CP) versus placebo (PLA) supplementation.

Methods: Young healthy recreationally active men were randomized to consume either 15 g of CP ( n = 19) or PLA ( n = 20) once every day during a standardized program of lower-body RT (3 times a week).

Post-exercise rehydration: Comparing the efficacy of three commercial oral rehydration solutions.

Introduction: This study compared the efficacy of three commercial oral rehydration solutions (ORS) for restoring fluid and electrolyte balance, after exercise-induced dehydration.

Method: Healthy, active participants ( = 20; ♀ = 3; age ∼27 y, Opeak ∼52 ml/kg/min) completed three randomised, counterbalanced trials whereby intermittent exercise in the heat (∼36°C, ∼50% humidity) induced ∼2.5% dehydration.

Ad-libitum fluid intake was insufficient to achieve euhydration 20 h after intermittent running in male team sports athletes.

This study documented 20 h rehydration from intermittent running while concealing the primary outcome of rehydration from subjects. Twenty-eight male team sports athletes (age 25 ± 3 y; predicted V̇O 54 ± 3 mL kg min) were pair-matched to exercise (EX) or rest (REST) groups. To determine hydration status, body mass, urine and blood samples were collected at 08:00, pre-intervention (09:30), post-intervention (12:00), 3 h post-intervention and 08:00 the following morning (20 h).

Apple puree as a natural fructose source provides an effective alternative carbohydrate source for fuelling half-marathon running performance.

Carbohydrate supplementation during endurance exercise is known to improve performance, but the effects of food-based approaches in running exercise are understudied. Therefore, this study investigated the performance and gastrointestinal (GI) effects of a carbohydrate supplement containing a natural fructose source compared with a highly processed fructose source in a combined glucose-fructose supplement, during a half-marathon. Eleven trained runners (9 males, 2 females; age 32 ± 8 y, 89:53 ± 13:28 min half-marathon personal record) completed a familiarisation (8 miles) and two experimental trials (13.