(Vaill.) L.: Micromorphology, Essential Oil Composition, and Its Potential as an Alternative Biocontrol Product.

is a Mediterranean evergreen shrub, with silver grey-green tomentose leaves and a strong scent. It has various ethnopharmacological uses and its secondary metabolites have demonstrated antimicrobial, antiviral, pharmaceutical, phytotoxic, and insecticidal activities. Different extracts obtained from aerial parts of this species are known for their allelopathic effect, but similar studies on its essential oil (EO) are lacking.

and by-Products as Source of Bioactive Compounds for Agricultural Applications.

The cultivation of different species of has recently expanded in Liguria (Italy) due to the growing demand of the North European floricultural market. Eucalyptus tree branches are cut and selected for their quality, resulting in large amounts of waste biomass to be disposed of. The aim of our study was to evaluate the phytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of essential oils (EOs) from pruning wastes of (EC) and (EN), for potential applications in agriculture.

Bacteriophage-Resistant : An In Vitro Mitigated Inflammatory Response.

Non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) represents one of the major causes of foodborne diseases, which are made worse by the increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance. Thus, NTS are a significant and common public health concern. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether selection for phage-resistance alters bacterial phenotype, making this approach suitable for candidate vaccine preparation.

Caulerpin Mitigates -Induced Inflammation via Formyl Peptide Receptors.

The identification of novel strategies to control ()-associated chronic inflammation is, at present, a considerable challenge. Here, we attempt to combat this issue by modulating the innate immune response, targeting formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), G-protein coupled receptors that play key roles in both the regulation and the resolution of the innate inflammatory response. Specifically, we investigated, in vitro, whether Caulerpin-a bis-indole alkaloid isolated from algae of the genus -could act as a molecular antagonist scaffold of FPRs.

Lactoferrin, Quercetin, and Hydroxyapatite Act Synergistically against .

is an opportunistic, psychotropic pathogen that can live in different environments, such as plant, soil, or water surfaces, and it is associated with food spoilage. Bioactive compounds can be used as antimicrobials and can be added into packaging systems. Quercetin and lactoferrin are the best candidates for the development of a complex of the two molecules absorbed on bio combability structure as hydroxyapatite.

The Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Permanent and Low-Grade Inflammation: Infection as a Model.

Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), belonging to the chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family. They play a key role in the innate immune system, regulating both the initiation and the resolution of the inflammatory response. FPRs were originally identified as receptors with high binding affinity for bacteria or mitochondria N-formylated peptides.

The Union Is Strength: The Synergic Action of Long Fatty Acids and a Bacteriophage against Biofilm.

pv. is known as the causative agent of black rot disease, which attacks mainly crucifers, severely lowering their global productivity. One of the main virulence factors of this pathogen is its capability to penetrate and form biofilm structures in the xylem vessels.

An In Vitro Model to Investigate the Role of in Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiometabolic Disease.

() is a Gram-negative bacterium colonizing the human stomach. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis of intracellular human gastric carcinoma cells (MKN-28) incubated with the cell filtrate () displays high levels of amino acids, including the branched chain amino acids (BCAA) isoleucine, leucine, and valine. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Array Technology shows upregulation of mammalian Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1), inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Interaction between MyD88, TIRAP and IL1RL1 against Helicobacter pylori infection.

The Toll-interleukin 1 receptor superfamily includes the genes interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1), Toll like receptors (TLRs), myeloid differentiation primary-response 88 (MyD88), and MyD88 adaptor-like (TIRAP). This study describes the interaction between MyD88, TIRAP and IL1RL1 against Helicobacter pylori infection. Cases and controls were genotyped at the polymorphic sites MyD88 rs6853, TIRAP rs8177374 and IL1RL1 rs11123923.

An Innovative Approach to Control -Induced Persistent Inflammation and Colonization.

() is a Gram-negative bacterium which colonizes the human stomach. The ability of to evade the host defense system and the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains result in bacteria persistence and chronic inflammation, which leads to both severe gastric and extra-gastric diseases. Consequently, innovative approaches able to overcome clinical outcomes are needed.

Plant Dynamic Metabolic Response to Bacteriophage Treatment After pv. Infection.

Periodic epidemics of black rot disease occur worldwide causing substantial yield losses. pv. () represents one of the most common bacteria able to cause the above disease in cruciferous plants such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and .

Antibiofilm Activity of a Metabolite against pv. , Alone and in Association with a Phage.

Biofilm protects bacteria against the host's immune system and adverse environmental conditions. Several studies highlight the efficacy of lytic phages in the prevention and eradication of bacterial biofilms. In this study, the lytic activity of Xccφ1 ( pv.

Bacteriophages Promote Metabolic Changes in Bacteria Biofilm.

Bacterial biofilm provides bacteria with resistance and protection against conventional antimicrobial agents and the host immune system. Bacteriophages are known to move across the biofilm to make it permeable to antimicrobials. Mineral hydroxyapatite (HA) can improve the lytic activity of bacteriophages, and, together with eicosanoic acid (C20:0), can destroy the biofilm structure.

Screen Printed Based Impedimetric Immunosensor for Rapid Detection of in Drinking Water.

The development of a simple and low cost electrochemical impedance immunosensor based on screen printed gold electrode for rapid detection of in water is reported. The immunosensor is fabricated by immobilizing anti- antibodies onto a gold surface in a covalent way by the photochemical immobilization technique, a simple procedure able to bind antibodies upright onto gold surfaces. Impedance spectra are recorded in 0.

Biomimetic hydroxyapatite nanocrystals are an active carrier for bacteriophages.

Purpose: The use of bacteriophages represents a valid alternative to conventional antimicrobial treatments, overcoming the widespread bacterial antibiotic resistance phenomenon. In this work, we evaluated whether biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals are able to enhance some properties of bacteriophages. The final goal of this study was to demonstrate that biomimetic HA nanocrystals can be used for bacteriophage delivery in the context of bacterial infections, and contribute - at the same time - to enhance some of the biological properties of the same bacteriophages such as stability, preservation, antimicrobial activity, and so on.

Role of phage ϕ1 in two strains of Salmonella Rissen, sensitive and resistant to phage ϕ1.

Background: The study describes the Salmonella Rissen phage ϕ1 isolated from the ϕ1-sensitive Salmonella Rissen strain R. The same phage was then used to select the resistant strain Rϕ1+, which can harbour or not ϕ1.

Results: Following this approach, we found that ϕ1, upon excision from R cells with mitomycin, behaves as a temperate phage: lyses host cells and generates phage particles; instead, upon spontaneous excision from Rϕ1+ cells, it does not generate phage particles; causes loss of phage resistance; switches the O-antigen from the smooth to the rough phenotype, and favors the transition of Salmonella Rissen from the planktonic to the biofilm growth.

Structural data and immunomodulatory properties of a water-soluble heteroglycan extracted from the mycelium of an Italian isolate of Ganoderma lucidum.

Mushrooms produce a wide range of bioactive polysaccharides, different from each other in chemical structure and biological effects. In the last years, the idea to develop functional foods or drugs containing fungal polysaccharides is attracting great attention. Fruiting bodies of Basidiomycetes Ganoderma lucidum are commonly used in Oriental medicine to treat several disorders.