The advocacy effect: a grounded theory study on the inclusion of caregivers or nearest support persons in research to better understand patient outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To apply grounded theory to generate a substantive theory that explains the roles adopted by caregivers or nearest support persons (CoNSP) and their added value when included as patient advocates in long-term outcomes research in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A cross-national and multi-language qualitative research study, part of an ongoing project by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology. The data collection was carried out from March 2018 to February 2019.

Beliefs, preferences, and informational needs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and concomitant cancer: a qualitative study.

Background: Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with biologic drugs in patients with cancer could potentially result in poor cancer outcomes. This study aimed to identify the beliefs, preferences, and informational needs of patients with RA and cancer regarding the harms, benefits, and uncertainties surrounding the use of RA therapy with respect to cancer.

Methods: We interviewed 20 patients with RA and cancer recruited from a cancer center using a semi-structured guide.

Telemedicine for under-resourced patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a qualitative study exploring the views and experiences of patients and their healthcare team.

Objectives: There is scarce knowledge on the benefits, limitations, and acceptance of telemedicine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly in those from under-resourced groups. We aimed to assess the experiences and views on telemedicine of people with SLE, clinicians, and nursing staff from a safety net healthcare system in Harris County, Texas, defined as a hospital network that primarily serves low-income, uninsured, and vulnerable populations.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured 1:1 in-person interviews of patients with SLE and their clinical team members, in Harris County, Texas.

Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Older Adults with Cancer.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition disproportionately affecting older adults (> 60 years), who often experience increased disease severity and comorbidities, including cancer. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, examining the prevalence of malignancy in patients with RA, associated risk factors, and treatment challenges, including management considerations such as psychological distress and lifestyle modifications. Clinical guidelines and consensus statements were summarized to provide practical insights for optimizing care.

Natural history models for lung Cancer: A scoping review.

Introduction: Natural history models (NHMs) of lung cancer (LC) simulate the disease's natural progression providing a baseline for assessing the impact of interventions. NHMs have been increasingly used to inform public health policies, highlighting their utility. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize existing LC NHMs, identify their limitations, and propose a framework for future NHM development.

Mortality time frame variability in septic shock clinical trials: A systematic review.

Objective: We sought to delineate the mortality outcome time frames reported in septic shock randomized control trials (RCTs).

Design: Systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Setting: Intensive care units.

Acceptability and perceptions of personalised risk-based cancer screening among health-care professionals and the general public: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Personalised risk-based screening (PRBS) can enhance the efficiency of cancer screening programnes, but little is known about support for its implementation among the general public and health-care professionals. We aimed to summarise the acceptability and perceptions of PRBS for breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer screening among these groups.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of original research studies reporting on breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer screening; personalised risk assessments to guide PRBS; and the acceptability of and receptibility towards these approaches among the general public, health-care professionals, or both.

Physician Views and Attitudes Regarding Tobacco-Cessation Strategies for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: In this study, we explored physicians' level of experience with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who used tobacco, their views on the effects of tobacco use on the efficacy of RA treatments, and their experiences and attitudes with respect to tobacco-cessation programs.

Methods: We conducted qualitative, semistructured interviews of 20 physicians (10 primary care physicians [PCPs] and 10 rheumatologists).

Results: The physicians had been in clinical practice for a mean of 9.

Champions to enhance implementation of clinical and community-based interventions in cancer: a scoping review.

Background: Champions are integral across research in cancer, yet studies exploring their roles are limited and have produced mixed results. The current review examines and synthesizes descriptions of how champions emerged and the types of activities they most often performed. By examining evidence from across the translational research continuum, this scoping review aims to characterize the role of champions and strategies that facilitate their involvement in the implementation of cancer care interventions in both clinical and community-based settings.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and uncontrolled trials reporting on the use of checkpoint blockers in patients with cancer and pre-existing autoimmune disease.

Background: Cancer patients with autoimmune disease have been excluded from randomized trials of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). We conducted a systematic review of observational studies and uncontrolled trials including cancer patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease who received ICBs.

Methods: We searched 5 electronic databases through November 2023.

Patient Voices in Rheumatic Immune-related Adverse Events.

Patients with cancer considering immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy often look for health information and peer support through online communities. The authors used social media content analysis to obtain the perspectives of patients receiving ICI treatment about immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with particular focus on rheumatological symptoms. The most reported rheumatic symptom was joint pain.

Generating a list of potentially important contextual factors covering randomized trials, cohorts, and measurement property studies: An OMERACT initiative.

Objectives: To generate candidates for contextual factors (CFs) for each CF type (i.e., Effect Modifying Contextual Factors (EM-CFs), Outcome Influencing Contextual Factors (OI-CFs), and Measurement Affecting Contextual Factors (MA-CFs)) considered important within rheumatology.

Patient outcomes in longitudinal observational studies (POLOS) of rheumatoid arthritis: Determining the OMERACT core domain set.

Objective: To define and select rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-specific core domain set for Longitudinal Observational Studies (LOS) within the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) framework.

Methods: A three-round online Delphi exercise, including patient research partners (PRPs) and other community partners in healthcare, was conducted. Domains scored 7-9 (i.

Performance of advanced machine learning algorithms overlogistic regression in predicting hospital readmissions: A meta-analysis.

Objectives: Machine learning algorithms are being increasingly used for predicting hospital readmissions. This meta-analysis evaluated the performance of logistic regression (LR) and machine learning (ML) models for the prediction of 30-day hospital readmission among patients in the US.

Methods: Electronic databases (i.

Physician Views on the Provision of Information on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy to Patients with Cancer and Pre-Existing Autoimmune Disease: A Qualitative Study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved cancer outcomes but can cause severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and flares of autoimmune conditions in cancer patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease. The objective of this study was to identify the information physicians perceived as most useful for these patients when discussing treatment initiation with ICIs. Twenty physicians at a cancer institution with experience in the treatment of irAEs were interviewed.

COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that might worsen the course of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022307545) to evaluate the clinical course and complications of COVID-19 in patients with cancer receiving ICI.

Methods: We searched Medline and Embase through January 5, 2022.

Immunosuppression for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the effects of immunosuppression on Group 1 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) with a search strategy developed by a medical librarian.

Smoking cessation patterns, usefulness of quitting methods, and tobacco cessation motivators and barriers to quit in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Tobacco use is highly discouraged in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to related short and long-term health implications. We aimed to evaluate smoking cessation patterns in patients with RA. In addition, we ascertained perceptions on the usefulness of quitting methods, and perceived motivators and barriers to quit.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of e-cigarette use among cancer survivors.

Purpose: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the use of e-cigarettes among cancer survivors, factors associated with their use, and prevalence of e-cigarette use as a quit attempt.

Methods: We searched five electronic databases until June 2022. Two authors independently selected studies, appraised their quality, and collected data.

A protocol for a cluster randomized trial of care delivery models to improve the quality of smoking cessation and shared decision making for lung cancer screening.

Background: Patients eligible for lung cancer screening (LCS) are those at high risk of lung cancer due to their smoking histories and age. While screening for LCS is effective in lowering lung cancer mortality, primary care providers are challenged to meet beneficiary eligibility for LCS from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, including a patient counseling and shared decision-making (SDM) visit with the use of patient decision aid(s) prior to screening.

Methods: We will use an effectiveness-implementation type I hybrid design to: 1) identify effective, scalable smoking cessation counseling and SDM interventions that are consistent with recommendations, can be delivered on the same platform, and are implemented in real-world clinical settings; 2) examine barriers and facilitators of implementing the two approaches to delivering smoking cessation and SDM for LCS; and 3) determine the economic implications of implementation by assessing the healthcare resources required to increase smoking cessation for the two approaches by delivering smoking cessation within the context of LCS.

COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can cause off-target inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAE). Conceivably, COVID-19 vaccination could trigger an inflammatory and immune response that could induce or aggravate irAE.

Methods: The objective of this systematic review is to appraise the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer treated with ICI.

A systematic review with meta-analysis of the effects of smoking cessation strategies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Smoking rates among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exceed those in the general population. This study identified smoking cessation strategies used in patients with RA and synthesized data on their effects.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies that reported effects of interventions for smoking cessation in patients with RA.