Adolescents' and young adults' perspectives on decision-making and the emotional experience of having advanced cancer.

Context: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with advanced cancer represent a unique and vulnerable population. Little is known about the optimal approach to support their medical decision-making needs.

Objectives: The objective of this cross-sectional survey study was to elucidate the perspectives of AYAs with advanced cancer regarding their emotional experience of having cancer and their decision-making needs.

Factors Associated With Symptom Burden Among Pediatric Patients With Cancer.

Purpose: The objective was to identify factors associated with self-reported symptom burden measured using Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) in pediatric patients with cancer.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cluster randomized trial enrolling pediatric patients newly diagnosed with cancer. Twenty sites were randomized to routine symptom screening versus usual care.

Cancer Screening Uptake and Usual Source of Care Among Hispanic Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer.

This study examines cancer screening rates and the usual source of care among Hispanic survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA, aged 15-39) cancer, a group at increased risk for poor health outcomes, including secondary cancers. National Health Interview Survey data were analyzed to identify Hispanic survivors of AYA cancer and Hispanic age- and sex-matched non-cancer controls. Breast, cervical, and colorectal screening (ever screened and up-to-date according to the U.

Factors Associated With Self-Report Symptom Screening Adherence in Pediatric Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Objective was to describe the association between baseline characteristics and the number of Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) assessments completed over an 8-week period.

Methods: This was a sub-analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial among 10 sites that were randomized to the intervention group. Participants were English- or Spanish-speaking pediatric patients 8-18 years of age newly diagnosed with cancer.

Granular Cell Tumor of the Colon: A Rare Diagnosis in an Uncommon Location.

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare neoplasms of Schwann cell origin that typically exhibit benign behavior but can rarely undergo malignant transformation. Gastrointestinal involvement is uncommon, and colonic localization is particularly rare. We report the case of a 51-year-old African American woman referred for evaluation of iron-deficiency anemia.

Lymphoid Malignancies in Ataxia-Telangiectasia: Experience with Novel Targeted Therapies.

Patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) face unique challenges in managing lymphoid malignancies due to heightened sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation, requiring alternative treatment strategies. This report presents three cases demonstrating the successful integration of targeted therapies: ibrutinib for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, alemtuzumab for T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, and venetoclax for early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These cases highlight the potential of targeted agents to improve outcomes while minimizing toxicity.

Risk of early death after acute leukemia diagnosis among adolescents and young adults.

Background: Advances in care have led to improvements in survival for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer; however, the risk of early death remains high for certain cancers, particularly acute leukemias. Risk factors for early death in AYAs diagnosed with acute leukemia have not been well studied.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry was used to assess risk of early death (within 2 months of diagnosis) in AYAs diagnosed with acute leukemia (n = 16 153).

Glucocorticoid Insensitivity: Is It a Question of Time and Place?

Glucocorticoid insensitivity is a problem for the therapy of chronic inflammatory lung diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both are non-communicable chronic inflammatory lung diseases with worldwide increasing incidences. Only symptoms can be controlled by inhaled or systemic glucocorticoids, often combined with β2 agonists and/or muscarinic receptor antagonists.

Factors influencing engagement in survivorship care among young adult survivors of hematologic malignancies: a mixed methods report.

Purpose: Long-term survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer are at risk for treatment-related late effects; therefore, survivorship care is essential. We explored the survivorship experience among young adult survivors of hematologic malignancies participating in a multi-institutional financial navigation trial.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis using a mixed-methods, qualitative-dominant approach.

Secondary Lung Cancer among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA, ages 15-39 years at diagnosis) cancer are at increased risk for subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN), of which lung cancer is the most lethal. Factors contributing to lung SMN development and outcomes are not well characterized.

Methods: Survivors of AYA cancer diagnosed between 1998 and 2020 were identified in the California Cancer Registry (n = 251,632).

"Nothing Is as Great a Learning Experience as Getting a $15,000 Bill": A Mixed-Methods Study of Young Adult Cancer Survivors' Experience With Insurance Coverage.

Purpose: To explore long-term young adult (YA) cancer survivors' experience with health insurance in a post-Affordable Care Act (ACA) era.

Methods: This was a mixed-methods analysis of insurance-related data collected from a cohort of English-speaking YA (currently age 18-39 years) blood cancer survivors, ≥3 years from diagnosis, recruited from six US hospitals as part of a financial navigation interventional study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05620979).

Enrollment in children's oncology group's clinical trials: population-based linkage with the national childhood cancer registry.

Background: Improvements in outcomes among children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer are attributable to many factors-including clinical trials such as those administered through the Children's Oncology Group (COG), as well as population-based resources like the National Childhood Cancer Registry (NCCR). The objective of this study was to link COG trial data with the NCCR to evaluate overall enrollment patterns.

Methods: Data were received from the NCCR and COG, which were linked using an array of variables and then compared to evaluate enrollment patterns in COG studies from 2007-2018.

Trends in Radiation Use from 2004 to 2020 among Adolescents and Young Adults with Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma has excellent survival rates in adolescents and young adults (AYA, diagnosed between ages 15 and 39 years). However, survivors are at risk of treatment-related late effects. Whereas radiotherapy (RT) de-escalation/omission has emerged as an approach to minimize late effects, no prior studies have evaluated RT use over time in AYAs with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Quality of Life Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Melanoma: A Systematic Review.

While quality of life (QoL) has been well-studied in older adults with melanoma, it has received less attention in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Understanding QoL trajectories in AYAs with melanoma can help identify care gaps and develop interventions to support patients through cancer treatment and survivorship. A systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science identified 4283 unique articles.

Fertility Preservation Services for Adolescents and Young Adults: 2022 National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program Landscape Assessment.

Purpose: Given the impact of cancer treatment on fertility among adolescents and young adults (AYAs: 15-39 years), it is important to ensure AYAs access to fertility preservation (FP). However, the availability of FP services for AYAs treated in community settings is unknown. We examined FP access at National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) practice groups.

Weight-Related Outcomes Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer after Anti-Obesity Medication Initiation.

Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have not been studied in survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer. In this retrospective analysis, generalized additive mixed model with penalized spline described body mass index (BMI) over time among survivors of AYA cancer prescribed an AOM. Body weight and BMI at pre-AOM maximum and last follow-up were summarized, with 95% confidence intervals.

Diet in adolescent and young adult patients with cancer and cancer survivors: a scoping review.

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer may be at risk of poor nutrition while experiencing unique barriers to consuming healthful diets. Additionally, AYA cancer survivors are at increased risk of second neoplasms and adverse health sequelae. In this scoping review, we examined usual dietary behavior, tested dietary interventions, interest in nutrition, food insecurity and other barriers to healthful nutrition, in AYA patients with cancer and cancer survivors.

Differences in time to treatment and impact on overall survival in adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Delays in time to treatment (TTT) have been shown to affect cancer survival, yet this has not been investigated in adolescent and young adult (AYA) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients. This retrospective analysis included 508 patients with TTT defined as the time between diagnosis and chemotherapy start. The median TTT for the population was 28 days (IQR: 12-44).

Managing and Preventing Hypofibrinogenemia in Pediatric and AYA Leukemia Patients: Insights From MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Background: Cryoprecipitate is often used to prevent and treat complications associated with low fibrinogen levels in pediatric leukemia patients. Cryoprecipitate, rich in fibrinogen, is administered to augment fibrinogen levels and mitigate the risk of bleeding in these patients. The use of cryoprecipitate is often strategic, involving both prophylactic measures and interventions in response to bleeding events.

Care Pathway- and Guideline-Consistent Care in Pediatric Cancer Symptom Management.

Purpose: Ten pediatric cancer treatment sites previously implemented site-specific symptom management care pathways for 15 symptoms, which were based upon clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). The primary objective of this analysis was to describe the prevalence of care pathway- and CPG-consistent care for symptom management. The secondary objective was to identify factors associated with care pathway-consistent care.

Guideline-concordant treatment among adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Individuals diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) between adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years face poor survival and unique challenges. We evaluated facility-level factors and guideline-concordant care among adolescents and young adults with ALL at National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) practices.

Methods: We assembled a retrospective cohort of adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years with ALL treated at participating NCORPs between 2012 and 2016.

Impact of quantitative radiological features of interstitial lung disease on immunomodulatory treatment response in three autoimmune interstitial lung disease cohorts.

Background: The defining radiological features of autoimmune interstitial lung disease (ILD) are ground glass opacification (GGO) and fibrosis. The associations between these features and physiological response to immunomodulation remain unclear.

Methods: This study leveraged three autoimmune ILD cohorts: two with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and one with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) which were selected for inherent differences in fibrotic extents/patterns.

Practice patterns in the diagnosis and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in adolescents and young adults with cancer: a survey of oncologists.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) affects > 78% of oncology patients and causes detrimental side effects. There may be practice heterogenicity in CIPN management amongst oncologists treating pediatric, adolescent young adult (AYA), and adult patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the practice patterns of oncologists regarding their management of CIPN in AYAs with cancer.

Incorporation of patient-reported outcomes in pediatric cancer clinical trials: design, implementation, and dissemination.

Understanding the patient experience of treatment toxicities and their impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of cancer treatments requires asking patients themselves using patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Over the past twenty years, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) sponsored several tools, namely Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures and the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) for precisely this purpose: to ensure valid, reliable tools to collect and detect patient-reported toxicities or adverse events and their impact on HRQoL. These PRO measures have been widely incorporated in clinical trials for adults with cancer.