Secondary progression activity monitoring in MS despite an early highly active treatment the SPAM study.

Background: Real-world data suggest that the early use of highly active therapies (HAT) may reduce the risk of transition to secondary progressive MS (SPMS). However, current knowledge about predictive factors of outcomes needs to be improved. The primary objective of this study was to determine factors associated with the occurrence of SPMS in patients treated early after MS onset with an HAT.

Association between education level and access to disease-modifying treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis in France.

Background: We hypothesized that differences in access to disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) could explain the association between socioeconomic status and disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between education level and DMT use in France.

Methods: All patients from OFSEP network with MS onset over 1996-2014 and aged ⩾ 25 years at onset were included.

Association between education level and disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis in France.

Background: Studies have reported an association between socioeconomic status and disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), but findings using the pre-MS individual socioeconomic status are missing.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the association between education level and disability progression.

Methods: All Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP) patients with MS clinical onset over 1960-2014, and aged ⩾25 years at MS onset were included.

Risk of secondary progression in patients with highly active multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab: a real-life study.

Background: one of the most important therapeutic goals in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis is to preclude conversion to secondary progression. Our objective was to determine the risk of progression associated with natalizumab treatment in an registry-based cohort of patients and to identify determinant factors.

Methods: Patients with relapse-onset multiple sclerosis from the Registre Lorrain des Scléroses en Plaques (ReLSEP) were included if they had received one infusion of natalizumab between 2002 and 2021.

Performance of administrative databases for identifying individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Administrative databases are an alternative to disease registries as a research tool to study multiple sclerosis. However, they are not initially designed to fulfill research purposes. Therefore, an evaluation of their performance is necessary.

Real-life evaluation of the 2017 McDonald criteria for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis after a clinically isolated syndrome confirms a gain in time-to-diagnosis.

Background: Previous cohort studies evaluating the performances of the McDonald criteria suffered from bias regarding real-life conditions. We aimed to evaluate the probability of diagnosing relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) at several timepoints from the first medical evaluation and the gain in time-to-diagnosis with the 2017 McDonald criteria compared with the 2001, 2005 and 2010 versions in real life.

Methods: Patients with a first demyelinating event suggestive of MS between 2002 and 2020 were included in the ReLSEP, an exhaustive and prospectively incremented registry of MS patients in North-Eastern France.

Investigating the Long-term Effect of Pregnancy on the Course of Multiple Sclerosis Using Causal Inference.

Background And Objectives: The question of the long-term safety of pregnancy is a major concern in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but its study is biased by reverse causation (women with higher disability are less likely to experience pregnancy). Using a causal inference approach, we aimed to estimate the unbiased long-term effects of pregnancy on disability and relapse risk in patients with MS and secondarily the short-term effects (during the perpartum and postpartum years) and delayed effects (occurring beyond 1 year after delivery).

Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study with data from patients with MS followed in the Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques registry between 1990 and 2020.

Effects of socioeconomic status on excess mortality in patients with multiple sclerosis in France: A retrospective observational cohort study.

Background: The effects of socio-economic status on mortality in patients with multiple sclerosis is not well known. The objective was to examine mortality due to multiple sclerosis according to socio-economic status.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort design was used with recruitment from 18 French multiple sclerosis expert centers participating in the All patients lived in metropolitan France and had a definite or probable diagnosis of multiple sclerosis according to either Poser or McDonald criteria with an onset of disease between 1960 and 2015.

Prognostic impact of epileptic seizures in multiple sclerosis varies according to time of occurrence and etiology.

Background And Purpose: Epileptic seizures occur more often in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) than in the general population. Their association with the prognosis of MS remains unclear. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether epileptic seizures may be a prognostic marker of MS disability, according to when the seizure occurs and its cause.

Comparative Effectiveness of Natalizumab Versus Anti-CD20 in Highly Active Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis After Fingolimod Withdrawal.

In France, two therapeutic strategies can be offered after fingolimod (FNG) withdrawal to highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients: natalizumab (NTZ) or anti-CD20. We compared the effectiveness of these two strategies as a switch for FNG within the OFSEP database. The primary endpoint was the time to first relapse.

Long-Term Effectiveness, Safety and Tolerability of Fingolimod in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Real-World Treatment Settings in France: The VIRGILE Study.

Introduction: It is important to confirm the effectiveness and tolerability of disease-modifying treatments for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in real-world treatment settings. This prospective observational cohort study (VIRGILE) was performed at the request of the French health authorities. The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of fingolimod 0.

Age-period-cohort analysis of the incidence of multiple sclerosis over twenty years in Lorraine, France.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. An increase in MS incidence over time is reported in several regions of the world. We aimed to describe the evolution of the annual MS incidence in the Lorraine region, France, from 1996 to 2015 and to analyze potential components of a possible change by a temporal effect of age at MS onset, MS onset period, and birth cohort, overall and for each sex.

Effects of High- and Low-Efficacy Therapy in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To compare the clinical effectiveness of high- and low-efficacy treatments in patients with recently active and inactive secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) after accounting for therapeutic lag.

Methods: Patients treated with high-efficacy (natalizumab, alemtuzumab, mitoxantrone, ocrelizumab, rituximab, cladribine, fingolimod) or low-efficacy (interferon beta, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide) therapies after SPMS onset were selected from MSBase and Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), 2 large observational cohorts. Therapeutic lag was estimated for each patient from their demographic and clinical characteristics.

The effectiveness of natalizumab vs fingolimod-A comparison of international registry studies.

Background: Natalizumab and fingolimod were the first preparations recommended for disease breakthrough in priorly treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Of three published head-to-head studies two showed that natalizumab is the more effective to prevent relapses and EDSS worsening.

Methods: By re-analyzing original published results from MSBase, France, and Denmark using uniform methodologies, we aimed at identifying the effects of differences in methodology, in the MS-populations, and at re-evaluating the differences in effectiveness between the two drugs.

Mass Cytometry Identifies Expansion of T-bet B Cells and CD206 Monocytes in Early Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-driven demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Immune cell features are particularly promising as predictive biomarkers due to their central role in the pathogenesis but also as drug targets, even if nowadays, they have no impact in clinical practice. Recently, high-resolution approaches, such as mass cytometry (CyTOF), helped to better understand the diversity and functions of the immune system.

Intra-database validation of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted electronic health records from healthcare claims data.

Background: Diagnosis performances of case-identifying algorithms developed in healthcare database are usually assessed by comparing identified cases with an external data source. When this is not feasible, intra-database validation can present an appropriate alternative.

Objectives: To illustrate through two practical examples how to perform intra-database validations of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted Electronic Health Records (rEHRs).

Clinical and radiological activity of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in a population-based cohort.

Background And Purpose: Patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SP MS) and clinical and/or radiological activity could be the more likely to benefit from disease-modifying treatments. To evaluate the proportions each year after progression onset, patients with SP MS onset between 2002 and 2012 from a population-based multiple sclerosis registry in northeastern France were studied.

Methods: Progression onset was first identified by the neurologist's diagnosis (N cohort), and then by using an automated data-driven definition (D cohort).

Comparison of Simoa and Ella to assess serum neurofilament-light chain in multiple sclerosis.

We compared Simoa and Ella immunoassays to assess serum neurofilament-light chain levels in 203 multiple sclerosis patients from the OFSEP HD study. There was a strong correlation (ρ = 0.86, p < 0.

Long-term analysis of patients with benign multiple sclerosis: new insights about the disability course.

Objective: To describe the course of disability in patients with benign multiple sclerosis-i.e., with an expanded disability status scale score < 3 10 years after disease onset-for up to 30 years after disease onset.

Determinants of therapeutic lag in multiple sclerosis.

Background: A delayed onset of treatment effect, termed therapeutic lag, may influence the assessment of treatment response in some patient subgroups.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore the associations of patient and disease characteristics with therapeutic lag on relapses and disability accumulation.

Methods: Data from MSBase, a multinational multiple sclerosis (MS) registry, and OFSEP, the French MS registry, were used.