In silico evaluation of the immunogenic profile of lung cancers with SMARCA4 genetic alterations.

Genomic alterations in tumor cells can influence immune response, as has been demonstrated in several tumor types. For instance, mutations in certain genes like EGFR or B-RAF are associated with a particular immune phenotype. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most immunogenic tumors, but certain genomic alterations can modulate and influence immune response.

Safety and clinical activity of JNJ-78306358, a human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) x CD3 bispecific antibody, for the treatment of advanced stage solid tumors.

Background: JNJ-78306358 is a bispecific antibody that redirects T cells to kill human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G)-expressing tumor cells. This dose escalation study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of JNJ-78306358 in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods: Adult patients with metastatic/unresectable solid tumors with high prevalence of HLA-G expression were enrolled.

Clinical and Immunologic Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer Tumors Expressing LY6G6D.

The identification of targets that are expressed on the cell membrane is a main goal in cancer research. The Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Family Member G6D () gene codes for a protein that is mainly present on the surface of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Therapeutic strategies against this protein like the development of T cell engagers (TCE) are currently in the early clinical stage.

Genomic and Immunologic Correlates in Prostate Cancer with High Expression of KLK2.

The identification of surfaceome proteins is a main goal in cancer research to design antibody-based therapeutic strategies. T cell engagers based on KLK2, a kallikrein specifically expressed in prostate cancer (PRAD), are currently in early clinical development. Using genomic information from different sources, we evaluated the immune microenvironment and genomic profile of prostate tumors with high expression of KLK2.

Revolutionizing anti-HER2 therapies for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer: Current advancements and future perspectives.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) encompass a heterogeneous group of rare tumors, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA), gallbladder cancer (GBC) and ampullary cancer (AC). The present first-line palliative treatment regimen comprises gemcitabine and cisplatin in combination with immunotherapy based on two randomized controlled studies. Despite the thorough investigation of these palliative treatments, long-term survival remains low.

Immunotherapy for Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Cancer: Rationale, Current Practice and Ongoing Trials.

Peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer play a key role in the fatal prognosis of the disease. The lack of efficacy of actual therapeutic approaches together with the outcomes achieved with checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer compel us to address the current state-of-the-art immunotherapy treatment of peritoneal dissemination. The immunogenicity of the peritoneum has been described to be particularly active at omentum and peritoneal lymph nodes.

A Risk-benefit Analysis of Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Patients with Metastatic Germ Cell Tumours Undergoing First-line Chemotherapy.

Background: It remains unclear which patients with metastatic germ cell tumours (mGCTs) need prophylactic anticoagulation to prevent venous thromboembolic events (VTEs).

Objective: To assess the risk and onset of VTEs stratified by risk factors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multi-institutional retrospective dataset included mGCT patients treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.

Deregulation of SET is Associated with Tumor Progression and Predicts Adverse Outcome in Patients with Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer.

SET nuclear proto-oncogene (SET) deregulation is a novel molecular target in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its role in CRC progression and its potential clinical impact in early-stage CRC patients remain unknown. Here, we studied the biological effects of SET on migration using wound-healing and transwell assays, and anchorage-independent cell growth using soft agar colony formation assays after ectopic SET modulation.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio kinetics in patients with advanced solid tumours on phase I trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Background: Although the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is prognostic in many oncological settings, its significance in the immunotherapy era is unknown. Mechanistically, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may alter NLR. We sought to characterise NLR kinetics in patients with advanced solid tumours treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

MicroRNA-31 Emerges as a Predictive Biomarker of Pathological Response and Outcome in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by total mesorectal excision has emerged as the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. However, many cases do not respond to neoadjuvant CRT, suffering unnecessary toxicities and surgery delays. Thus, identification of predictive biomarkers for neoadjuvant CRT is a current clinical need.