Posterior Mediastinal Mass With Intracardiac Protrusion: A Diagnostic Conundrum Resolved With Multimodality Imaging.

Background: Posterior mediastinal masses are rare and remain asymptomatic until they enlarge enough to compress vital vascular structures, the tracheobronchial tree, the spine, or cardiac chambers. Computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provide precise locations and characterization of lesions.

Case Summary: A young woman was found to have a cystic mass in the posterior mediastinum extending into the interatrial septum and left atrium (LA) on echocardiography.

Role of intravenous aspirin versus oral aspirin in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome: Answering a clinical query by systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Aspirin is indicated in the emergency management of acute coronary syndrome. However, oral aspirin has erratic bioavailability compared to i.v.

Conformational switching of aptamer biointerfacing graphene-gold nanohybrid for ultrasensitive label-free sensing of cardiac Troponin I.

The development of hybrid biofunctionalized nanomaterials has emerged as an attractive substitute for development of advanced biosensing platforms with superior synergistic properties. Herein, we report a label-free ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor comprising nanohybrid of graphene oxide (GO) and aptamer conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNP-A) for detection of cardiac biomarker Troponin I (TnI). The GNP-A are homogenously arranged by self-assembly on GO sheet to construct nanohybrid (GO@GNP-A) onto which the biomarker protein is analysed.

Site-directed dual bioprobes inducing single-step nano-sandwich assay for the detection of cardiac troponin I.

Bioreceptor functionalized metallic nano-colloids have been identified as effective nanobioprobes to realize the detection of an analyte based on a common phenomenon of salt-induced aggregation. In marked contrast to this, we describe a nano-sandwich assay integrating the novel match-pair of aptamer and peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles. The site-directed biomolecular interaction of high affinity aptamer and peptide bioreceptors directed towards distinct sites of cardiac biomarker troponin I; this was found to form a nano-sandwich assay in a peculiar manner.

Epidemiological and clinical profile, management and outcomes of young patients (≤40 years) with acute coronary syndrome: A single tertiary care center study.

Objective: To study the epidemiological and clinical profile, angiographic patterns, reasons for the delay in presentation, management, and outcomes of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in young patients (≤40yrs) presenting to a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Methods: We included a total of 182 patients aged ≤40 years and presenting with ACS to the cardiology critical care unit of our department from January 2018 to July 2019.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 35.

Coarctation of aorta intervention: When covered stents should have been first choice?

Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is one of the common congenital heart diseases. The two approaches for intervention in CoA include surgical and transcatheter (TC). Out of the two TC interventions available, stenting has been proved better than balloon angioplasty.

Congenital superior vena cava (SVC) stenosis and obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC)-A surgical perspective.

Congenital superior vena cava (SVC) stenosis is a very rare anomaly, especially in pediatric population. Coexistence with obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) has never been reported. Clinical examination should prompt detailed and focused evaluation for this treatable etiology.

Approach to Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease in Children.

Early recognition and timely management of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) is necessary for good outcome. CCHD is an umbrella term encompassing many diseases with variable pathophysiology, which determines clinical presentation of CCHD. Conditions like total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and transposition of great arteries (TGA) usually present in neonatal period.

Management of Arrhythmias in Pediatric Emergency.

Pediatricians often find it difficult to make specific diagnosis of arrhythmia based on ECG. This article is an effort to make the pediatricians understand common arrhythmias. Diagnosing arrhythmias is important as some arrhythmias, if not diagnosed or suspected, can lead to heart failure.

Approach to a Child with Congestive Heart Failure.

Pediatric heart failure (PHF) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Whereas ischemic heart disease is the most important cause of heart failure in adults, congenital heart diseases (CHD) and cardiomyopathies are important etiologies of PHF. Management of PHF also differs from that of adults.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Lipid Profile in Children With Kawasaki Disease: A Single-Center Follow-up Study After a Mean Duration of 6.9 Years.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) has a predilection to involve coronary arteries, leading to several long-term cardiovascular sequelae. Apart from coronary artery abnormalities, children with KD are also prone to develop premature atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and lipid abnormalities. Some of these complications may occur even in children who have received appropriate treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin in the acute phase.

Acyanotic and Cyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases.

There has been tremendous progress in treatment of heart disease in children. Device therapy is increasingly being used in acyanotic congenital heart disease, while surgical results have improved significantly to give smile to many cyanotic heart disease children and their parents. This article makes an attempt to increase awareness of general pediatricians about common congenital heart diseases.

Mid-term Risk for Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Chronic Myocarditis in Children with Kawasaki Disease and Transient Coronary Abnormalities.

There is evidence for premature atherosclerosis and systemic arterial stiffening during follow-up of children with Kawasaki disease (KD) and coronary artery abnormalities (CAA). Moreover, patients with KD may also have subclinical myocardial involvement and inhomogeneous ventricular repolarization. The inhomogeneous ventricular repolarization manifests as increased QT dispersion on electrocardiography.

Blind Source Parameters for Performance Evaluation of Despeckling Filters.

The speckle noise is inherent to transthoracic echocardiographic images. A standard noise-free reference echocardiographic image does not exist. The evaluation of filters based on the traditional parameters such as peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, and structural similarity index may not reflect the true filter performance on echocardiographic images.

Kawasaki disease in infants below 6 months: a clinical conundrum?

Aim: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis of childhood. In infancy KD is often characterized by incomplete and atypical forms. There is paucity of literature on KD in children below 6 months and there are no data from any developing country.

An Adolescent with Kawasaki Disease.

Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of unknown etiology that predominantly affects children <5 years of age. The incidence and the severity of myocarditis in this disease is variable and depends upon the stage of the disease, acute or chronic. Acute-stage Kawasaki disease shows relatively high incidence of myocarditis, but almost all cases are clinically mild.

Mortality in children with Kawasaki disease: 20 years of experience from a tertiary care centre in North India.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common vasculitic disorder of childhood. Reported mortality in KD in Japan is 0.014%.

Aortic stiffness studies in children with Kawasaki disease: preliminary results from a follow-up study from North India.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute medium vessel vasculitis seen in children. Coronary artery abnormalities are the most notable long-term complications. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy has led to significant reduction in incidence of coronary aneurysms.