Plasma Metabolic and Inflammatory Protein Signatures in Psychiatric Disorders.

Psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizoaffective disorder (SAD), present significant diagnostic challenges. Current diagnostic methods rely on clinical observation and self-reported symptoms, leading to under-diagnosis and delayed treatment. To address this gap, we applied mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling and targeted analysis of inflammatory proteins to plasma samples from patients versus controls, aiming to uncover disease-related molecular patterns and enhance our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of these complex disorders.

Vitamin D deficiency in relation with the systemic and central inflammation during multiple sclerosis.

Background: During the last decade, vitamin D (VitD) has become a topic of interest in immune regulation, especially in multiple sclerosis (MS) disease. Amongst the wide range of effects reported for this vitamin on the immune system, a regulatory role on cytokines production has been described. Our aim is to analyze the status of VitD and its correlation with the circulating inflammation and the intrathecal humoral response during MS.

Hypocholesterolemic effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) seeds in Wistar rat fed on a cholesterol-containing diet.

The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of polysaccharide (PS) isolated from Balangu Shirazi (Lallemantia royleana) seeds in vitro as well as on the hypercholesterolemic diet-induced liver and kidney injury in adult rats. PS was structurally characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared, which confirmed the presence of bands characteristic of polysaccharides. Functional properties of PS were investigated based on water solubility index, holding and emulsifying capacities.

Plasma oxysterols in drug-free patients with schizophrenia.

Evidence from clinical, genetic, and medical studies has shown the neuronal developmental disorder aspect of schizophrenia (SZ). Whereas oxysterols are vital factors in neurodevelopment, it is still unknown whether they are involved in the pathophysiology of SZ. The current study aims to explore the profile of oxysterols in plasma, ratio to total cholesterol (Tchol) and the association with clinical factors in patients with SZ.

Predictive value of oxidative stress biomarkers in drug-free patients with bipolar disorder.

Objective: Oxidative stress is one of the primary etiological mechanisms of bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: The present study was conducted over a period of 24 months on Tunisian on 34 drug‑free male patients with BD (mean age: 34.5 years) and 101 age and gender matched controls (mean age: 34.

Plasma oxysterols: Altered level of plasma 24-hydroxycholesterol in patients with bipolar disorder.

Cholesterol and its oxygenated metabolites, including oxysterols, are intensively investigated as potential players in the pathophysiology of brain disorders. Altered oxysterol levels have been described in patients with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent studies have shown that Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with the disruption of cholesterol metabolism.

Predictive value of oxidative stress biomarkers in drug‑free patients with schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorder.

Several studies have suggested that oxidative stress may represent one of the primary etiological mechanisms of schizophrenia (SZ) and schizoaffective disorder (SAD) which can be targeted by therapeutic intervention. The present study was conducted over a period of 24 months, between June 2016 and June 2018. All enrolled subjects were Tunisian, forty five drug‑free male patients with SZ (mean age: 37.

Flavonoid-rich fraction attenuates permethrin-induced toxicity by modulating ROS-mediated hepatic oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction ex vivo and in vivo in rat.

The present study explores the antioxidant, anti-microbial, and hepatoprotective potentials of flavonoid-rich fractions from Fumaria officinalis against permethrin-induced liver damage ex vivo/in vivo in rat. However, HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the richness of 6 components in ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) where ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and myricetin are the most abundant. The in vitro assays showed that EAFs have impressive antioxidant and anti-microbial properties.

Sub-chronic exposure to Kalach 360 SL-induced damage in rats' liver and hematological system.

We investigated the effects of sub-chronic exposure to Kalach 360 SL (KL), glyphosate-based herbicide used in Tunisia, on liver and hematological system in different groups of female rats. Group 1 was used as a control, while animals of groups 2 and 3 received orally 0.07 mL and 0.

[Bipolar disorder vulnerability: The vitamin D path].

Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) etiopathogenesis is still not well elucidated. It has recently been proven that 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) has an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective role. Our objectives were to measure 25OHD plasma levels in patients with BD in acute decompensation and compare them with patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) or schizoaffective disorder (SAD) and with healthy controls.

Homozygous pArg610del Mutation Unusually Associated With Severe Delay of Growth in 2 Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency-affected Sibs.

Background: Typically, patients with Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency (ASMD) because of p.Arg610del mutation, have mild phenotype with normal linear growth.

Observation: We reported the case of 2 Tunisian brothers who have been referred for splenomegaly, polyadenopathies, pubertal, and growth delay.

Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of feather protein hydrolysate in high-fat diet-fed mice.

The hyperlipidemia is a serious health problem that increases the risk of many complications including cardiovascular disease. This study aims to evaluate the possible antihyperlipidemic effects of the feather protein hydrolysate (FPH) in a mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice during 5 weeks. The FPH administration improved dose-dependent lipid profile, as well as the liver and renal dysfunction indices in hyperlipidemic mice.

Therapeutic potential of polysaccharide extracted from fenugreek seeds against thiamethoxam-induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity in Wistar adult rats.

This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of a polysaccharide extracted from fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum) (FWEP) against insecticide-thiamethoxam (TMX)-induced hepatotoxicity. Obtained data exhibited potent antioxidant and antibacterial potentialities. On other trend, in vivo, adult female rats were divided into four groups: controls; TMX (100 mg/kg of body weight); TMX + FWEP at two graded doses, respectively (100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight) for 30 d.

Cardiotoxicity and myocardial infarction-associated DNA damage induced by thiamethoxam in vitro and in vivo: Protective role of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed-derived polysaccharide.

The risk of pesticides on the human health and environment has drawn increasing attention. Today, new tools are developed to reduce pesticide adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity induced by, thiamethoxam (TMX), and the cytoprotective effect of a novel polysaccharide, named fenugreek seed water polysaccharide (FWEP) in vitro using H9c2 cardiomyoblastes and in vivo using Wistar rat model.

Plasma Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Behçet's Disease.

Background: Fatty Acid (FA) composition of serum has been associated with many markers of inflammation. In this study, we tried to examine plasma Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) and Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA) composition in Behçet's Disease (BD) patients. The associations between the circulating FA levels and some markers of inflammation have also been investigated.

Subchronic exposure to kalach 360 SL-induced endocrine disruption and ovary damage in female rats.

Kalach 360 SL (KL), glyphosate (G) surfactant-based herbicides, is a systemic herbicide effective against weeds. It was applied in agriculture in Tunisia and throughout the world, which can represent a risk to non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and biochemical aspects of ovary injury after exposure to KL.

Nephrotoxicity of Kalach 360 SL: biochemical and histopathological findings.

Kalach 360 SL (KL) is a commercial herbicide which contains 360 g/l of glyphosate used in both agricultural and urban areas throughout the world including Tunisia. We aimed to evaluate the effects of KL on rats' renal system. Female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group 1 (n = 6) received a standard diet and served as control, groups 2 and 3 (n = 12 each) received 0.

Protective effect of Dunaliella sp., lipid extract rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, on hepatic and renal toxicity induced by nickel in rats.

Aims: The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of lipid extract of Dunaliella sp. (LE) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), against oxidative stress induced by nickel in experimental rats.

Methods: Our investigation evaluated the antioxidant activity of LE using both DPPH and NBT assays.

[Impact of androgen therapy on metabolic and inflammatory profiles in male hypogonadism].

This study aims to evaluate the impact of androgen therapy on metabolic and inflammatoy profiles in male hypogonadic patients. Forty cases with isolated hypogonadism and 80 controls were enrolled. Clinical data were collected (age, weight, height, waist circonference and androgenothearapy).